On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 12:27 AM, shumate <dshumate@...> wrote:
Things to Ponder: This really is interesting....... Just keep scrolling down. This is very interesting! After reading it, you'll go 'duh, I didn't know that.'
'Stewardesses'
[] is the longest word typed with only the left hand
And 'lollipop' [] is the longest word typed with your right hand. (Bet you tried this out mentally, didn't you?)
No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver,
or purple. [] []
'Dreamt' is the only English word that ends in the letters 'mt'. (Are you doubting this?) []
Our eyes []are always the same size from birth, but our nose []and ears
[] never stop growing.
The sentence: 'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog' uses every letter of the alphabet. (Now, you KNOW you're going to try this out for accuracy, right?
[]
The words 'racecar,' [] 'kayak' [] and 'level' [] are the same whether they are read left to right or right to left (palindromes). (Yep, I knew you were going to 'do' this one.)
There are only four words in the English language which end in 'dous': tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous. (You're not doubting this, are you?)
There are two words in the English language that have all five
vowels in order: 'abstemious' and 'facetious.' (Yes, admit it, you are going to say, a e i o u) TYPEWRITER [] is the longest word that can be made using the letters only on one row of the keyboard.
(All you typists are going to test this out)
A cat has 32 muscles in each ear. []
A goldfish [] has a memory span of three seconds. (Some days that's about what my memory span is.)
A 'jiffy' is an actual unit of time for 1/100th of a second.
[] A shark []is the only fish that can blink with both eyes.
A snail [] can sleep for three years. (I know some people that could do this too.!)
Almonds are a member of the peach []family.
An ostrich's eye []is bigger than its brain. (I know some people like that also)
Babies []are born without kneecaps. They don't appear until the child reaches 2 to 6 years of age.
February 1865 is the only month in recorded history not to have a full moon.
[]
In the last 4,000 years, no new animals have been domesticated. []
If the population of China walked past you, 8 abreast,
the line would never end because of the rate of reproduction.
[]
Leonardo Da Vinci invented the scissors
[]
Peanuts []are one of the ingredients of dynamite!
[]
Rubber bands []last longer when refrigerated.
The average person's left hand does 56% of the typing. []
The cruise liner, QE 2 [] moves only six inches for each gallon of diesel that it burns.
The microwave []was invented after a researcher walked by a radar
tube and a chocolate bar melted in his pocket. (Good thing he did that.)
The winter of 1932 was so cold that Niagara Falls [] froze completely solid.
There are more chickens []than people in the world.
Winston Churchill [] was born in a ladies' room during a dance.
I'd like to hear more about problem solving in social, organizational settings. Toyota uses a technique of asking why the problem exists 7 times. And problem solving itself is a part of an integrated approach that focuses on philosophy, processes, , problem solving, people and partners.
Those four broad categories are addressed in the 14 principles of TPS. The first of these is the philosophy, which is addressed in the very first principle: "To add value to customers, employees, and society as a whole at the expense of short term gain"
So the corporate DNA, so to speak, is double stranded-it deals with knowledge based techniques such as lean tools, and there is also a value component that is expressed in the overall company philosophy. And apparently, it is the integration of all these elements that are important to communication, problem solving, conflict resolution, and creativity.
It seems a matter of the mind and the heart, or of the practical, rational elements as well as the more human elements dealing with virtue, ethics, and justice. How often do we find that doing the right thing ethically, is the smart thing economically. This can get confusing for complexity which seems to claim that there is no "right", or "just" thing, and no way of establishing or recognizing it.
Glad to see you poking your head up again,
Jon
On Thu, Nov 19, 2009 at 1:14 AM, Frank Smits (Symphoenix Ltd) <frank@...> wrote:
All, I remain mainly a lurker these days, but they issue you address here, Lewis, is at the heart of what I am involved in these days. I have a background in complexity, chaos and creativity applied to social environments.
I have been using this way of looking at my client organisations but found that unless I manage to frame the insights one can gain from complexity in the context of the experiences of people without this background it remains academic and has no resonance with them.
Happy to share some thoughts on how some concepts can start to resonate in a social context.
Thanks to Jon in his post of 14 Nov for relating my conjectures to those of greater minds than mine. However, my actual motivation in this case was practical rather inspired by great thinkers of the past.
Mainstream [Neoclassical] economics is obviously intellectually bankrupt as a result of the ongoing financial crisis. Among other things, its rationality assumptions, its information availability assumptions and its assumptions about the nature of individual decision making and about the appropriate probability distribution with which one should describe risk, for example, have all proved to be false to a very large degree. Moreover, this has been seen by some people for several decades !
So it is obvious we need a "better mousetrap" in the way of a paradigm for economics. For various reasons, complexity seems to fit the bill. But how can we talk about complex systems to others ? What do we mean ? This problem confronts us regardless of what Hegel said, for example.
I do plead guilty to using undefined terms, a sin committed by those who use "emerging properties" in their definition of complex systems. But it almost impossible to avoid. One just has to try to minimize it.
The practical problems that inspired your comments flow from the same stream that flowed through the minds of these past thinkers. They ,too, were dealing with practical problems, on the surface level and at the depths.
I guess all problems are practical when you get down to it. It's just that when you start going deep into the sources and solutions of practical problems, you find they are rooted in something, well, complex, like the human mind, personality, and consciousness.
As you well know economics is a great example of where the personal and the impersonal, the practical and the theoretical meet. What could be of more practical, real concern, as well as personal, than the meaning of words, and the ability of our minds and language to comprehend and express reality? Economics is a good place to see how the use of mathematical, logical, linguistic, social, political, artistic, and religious symbols interface with "practical" reality.
And what could be of more practical value to a symbol creating and using creature as man, than the study of symbols and their relation to reality?
Jon
On Wed, Nov 18, 2009 at 9:02 PM, <MMBTUPR@...> wrote:
from Lewis L. Smith
Thanks to Jon in his post of 14 Nov for relating my conjectures to those of greater minds than mine. However, my actual motivation in this case was practical rather inspired by great thinkers of the past.
Mainstream [Neoclassical] economics is obviously intellectually bankrupt as a result of the ongoing financial crisis. Among other things, its rationality assumptions, its information availability assumptions and its assumptions about the nature of individual decision making and about the appropriate probability distribution with which one should describe risk, for example, have all proved to be false to a very large degree. Moreover, this has been seen by some people for several decades !
So it is obvious we need a "better mousetrap" in the way of a paradigm for economics. For various reasons, complexity seems to fit the bill. But how can we talk about complex systems to others ? What do we mean ? This problem confronts us regardless of what Hegel said, for example.
I do plead guilty to using undefined terms, a sin committed by those who use "emerging properties" in their definition of complex systems. But it almost impossible to avoid. One just has to try to minimize it.
"... unless I manage to frame the insights that one can gain from complexity in the context of experiences of people without this background, it remains academic and has no resonance with them.:
Bingo !
I always start talking about complexity to non adepts by going directly to the practical implications >>
"I suspect that economies and markets are what are sometimes called "complex systems". If so, this some important practical implications for managers, in both the public and private sectors >>
[1] Best estimate planning is out. Scenario planning is in ...
[2] The most important people in your organization are the "antenna people", the ones who are the first to detect which scenario is unfolding, how it is evolving and whether or not it is in danger of being replaced by another scenario, perhaps by one which was not in your planning menu ! ...
[3] ....
And so on.
Then if someone asks later, "What is a complex system ?", I give a very simple initial answer >>
"It is any dynamic system which exhibits a lot of different kinds of behavior within your long-term planning horizon. For example, the NYSE in 1987-88 ...
All, I remain mainly a lurker these days, but they issue you address here, Lewis, is at the heart of what I am involved in these days. I have a background in complexity, chaos and creativity applied to social environments. I have been using this way of looking at my client organisations but found that unless I manage to frame the insights one can gain from complexity in the context of the experiences of people without this background it remains academic and has no resonance with them.
Happy to share some thoughts on how some concepts can start to resonate in a social context.
Regards, Frank Smits - Symphoenix Ltd
m: +44 (0)7715 423 150
Sent using BlackBerry®
From: mmbtupr@...
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 2009 21:02:48 EST
To: <jonbenn@...>; <ISCE_complex-M@yahoogroups.com>
Subject: Re: [ISCE_complex-M] Symbol and Reality
from Lewis L. Smith
Thanks to Jon in his post of 14 Nov for relating my conjectures to those of greater minds than mine. However, my actual motivation in this case was practical rather inspired by great thinkers of the past.
Mainstream [Neoclassical] economics is obviously intellectually bankrupt as a result of the ongoing financial crisis. Among other things, its rationality assumptions, its information availability assumptions and its assumptions about the nature of individual decision making and about the appropriate probability distribution with which one should describe risk, for example, have all proved to be false to a very large degree. Moreover, this has been seen by some people for several decades !
So it is obvious we need a "better mousetrap" in the way of a paradigm for economics. For various reasons, complexity seems to fit the bill. But how can we talk about complex systems to others ? What do we mean ? This problem confronts us regardless of what Hegel said, for example.
I do plead guilty to using undefined terms, a sin committed by those who use "emerging properties" in their definition of complex systems. But it almost impossible to avoid. One just has to try to minimize it.
Thanks to Jon in his post of 14 Nov for relating my conjectures to those of greater minds than mine. However, my actual motivation in this case was practical rather inspired by great thinkers of the past.
Mainstream [Neoclassical] economics is obviously intellectually bankrupt as a result of the ongoing financial crisis. Among other things, its rationality assumptions, its information availability assumptions and its assumptions about the nature of individual decision making and about the appropriate probability distribution with which one should describe risk, for example, have all proved to be false to a very large degree. Moreover, this has been seen by some people for several decades !
So it is obvious we need a "better mousetrap" in the way of a paradigm for economics. For various reasons, complexity seems to fit the bill. But how can we talk about complex systems to others ? What do we mean ? This problem confronts us regardless of what Hegel said, for example.
I do plead guilty to using undefined terms, a sin committed by those who use "emerging properties" in their definition of complex systems. But it almost impossible to avoid. One just has to try to minimize it.
I think you were on the right track about lightening up. I think we forget sometime that ideas come from people. There is, after all, a fuzzy boundary between personalities and ideas.
This could be part of Frank's Smits concern about applying complexity to social groups. However, I think there can be similarities and differences-unique aspects of all complex systems-that could resolve this issue.
I think that the most fruitful and creative conversations come from the freest exchange. Just think of brainstorming and creativity. Complexity should tell us this, and does, about human interaction, brainstorming, dialogue,and creativity.
Often something may seem "off topic", on the local level, but lead to an more creative, deeper insight, at the global level. That's why in brainstorming sessions no idea is thought to far out, or ridiculous. Judgment is reserved to a later stage. Brainstorming is the time to "have" ideas, not to judge them. There is a time to judge them, but that is later, and the timing gets confused on a list.
But it amazes me at the serendipity and creativity of people just being who they are and saying what they think. It greatly enhances creativity. Harsh words, and ad hominen attacks stifles debate, discussion and creativity, and emergence. And if some one disagrees harshly, that is ok, just keep it on the ideas and away from personal comments or personal attacks.
BTW, I guess you know, some may not, that the words to the Byrds hit, written by Dylan, also comes from Ecclesiastes.
To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under heaven, etc. The chorus to is from Ecc.
Actually, the entire intellectual, moral, legal and political edifice of the Western world is based on this "anachronistic" Book.
But we have forgotten the origins of our culture and the ideas behind it. Though we have heard of the basic concepts, such as freedom, democracy, human rights, etc. we think they exist in mid-air having forgot their profound anchoring in Christianity, and the teachings of the Bible.
Also, I have a wonderful book on leisure and culture. The idea is how leisure is essential to many of the things we associate with culture, including art and many kinds of invention and learning. And this fits with the above comments on lightening up, brainstorming and creativity. In fact, the word "scholar" is derived from a word, that means to have times on your hand to pursue intellectual pursuits at your leisure. Just think of Descartes, and others who made contributions because they had the resources, a patron, etc. so that they could pursue something creative.
One more note on creativity. I read an article recently listing some aspects of creative people, or of creative activity. And the first two were-Don't worry about who you offend, or make angry, and the second was-don't ask permission.
In other words there must be freedom and spontaneity-a lighten up-attitude to be creative. And part of that is not worrying about making mistakes, being incomplete, wrong, or outrageous, or of being regarded a fool. You must make mistakes, and be incomplete, and go down "wrong" alleys, to create something of genuine value. And remember novelty is by its very nature, unknown, and unknowable in advance. Novelty always sounds strange, bizaare, and untenable at first.
So lighten up list, be free, be irrelevant, confusing and imperfect,-be respectful, but don't worry if you make a few people angry And maybe we will learn something new.
On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 12:56 AM, shumate <dshumate@...> wrote:
Well, I learned a new fact Jon. Had no idea I was quoting from the book of Ecclesiastes. Just thought it an old adage that made perfect sense.
The triangle is is about leisure in a sense. Turns to evolution of the mind.
We divided labor. Instead of digging into the dirt and starving, we somehow learned to come together as a group and provide for one another
so that we weren't all grubbing around and starving. Thus we got past the base level of the triangle.
Once the mind is freed from hunger and fear, it can grow
But the cycles continue. Thus "nothing new under the sun"
In that for every "thinker" that runs the world, how many are grubbing out an existence? That is when greed came in.
Deb
Jon Bennett wrote: > Deb, > I'm not sure I understand the Maslow connection to this post on symbol > and realty. > But I see you've quoted the Bible again, "Nothing new under the sun",
> from Solomon in the book of Ecclesiastes. > And to combine these two ideas, also in Ecclesiastes, Solomon says of > leisure, "Vanity of vanity, all is vanity" > Jon > > On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 12:40 AM, shumate <dshumate@...
> <mailto:dshumate@...>> wrote: > > It all comes down to Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Leisure is at the > top. All basic needs met.
> > Nothing new under the sun. > > Deb > > > > > > > > > ------------------------------------ > > Yahoo! Groups Links
> >
Well, I learned a new fact Jon. Had no idea I was quoting from the book
of Ecclesiastes. Just thought it an old adage that made perfect sense.
The triangle is is about leisure in a sense. Turns to evolution of the
mind.
We divided labor. Instead of digging into the dirt and starving, we
somehow learned to come together as a group and provide for one another
so that we weren't all grubbing around and starving. Thus we got past
the base level of the triangle.
Once the mind is freed from hunger and fear, it can grow
But the cycles continue. Thus "nothing new under the sun"
In that for every "thinker" that runs the world, how many are grubbing
out an existence? That is when greed came in.
Deb
Jon Bennett wrote:
> Deb,
> I'm not sure I understand the Maslow connection to this post on symbol
> and realty.
> But I see you've quoted the Bible again, "Nothing new under the sun",
> from Solomon in the book of Ecclesiastes.
> And to combine these two ideas, also in Ecclesiastes, Solomon says of
> leisure, "Vanity of vanity, all is vanity"
> Jon
>
> On Mon, Nov 16, 2009 at 12:40 AM, shumate <dshumate@...
> <mailto:dshumate@...>> wrote:
>
> It all comes down to Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Leisure is at the
> top. All basic needs met.
>
> Nothing new under the sun.
>
> Deb
>
>
> >
> >
>
>
> ------------------------------------
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
> (Yahoo! ID required)
>
> ISCE_complex-M-fullfeatured@yahoogroups.com
> <mailto:ISCE_complex-M-fullfeatured@yahoogroups.com>
>
>
>
>
Things to Ponder:
This really is interesting.......
Just keep scrolling down.
This is very interesting!
After reading it, you'll go 'duh,
I didn't know that.'
'Stewardesses'
[]
is the longest word typed with only the left hand
And 'lollipop' []
is the longest word typed with your right hand.
(Bet you tried this out mentally, didn't you?)
No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver,
or purple.
[]
[]
'Dreamt' is the only English word that ends in the letters 'mt'.
(Are you doubting this?)
[]
Our eyes []are always the same size from birth,
but our nose []and ears
[]
never stop growing.
The sentence:
'The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog'
uses every letter of the alphabet.
(Now, you KNOW you're going to try this out for accuracy, right?
[]
The words 'racecar,' []
'kayak' []
and 'level' []
are the same whether they are read
left to right or right to left (palindromes).
(Yep, I knew you were going to 'do' this one.)
There are only four words in the English language which end in 'dous':
tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous.
(You're not doubting this, are you?)
There are two words in the English language that have all five
vowels in order: 'abstemious' and 'facetious.' (Yes, admit it, you
are going to say, a e i o u)
TYPEWRITER [] is the longest word
that can be made using the letters only on one row of the keyboard.
(All you typists are going to test this out)
A cat has 32 muscles in each ear.
[]
A goldfish [] has a memory span of three seconds.
(Some days that's about what my memory span is.)
A 'jiffy' is an actual unit of time for 1/100th of a second.
[]
A shark []is the only fish that can blink with both eyes.
A snail [] can sleep for three years.
(I know some people that could do this too.!)
Almonds are a member of the peach []family.
An ostrich's eye []is bigger than its brain.
(I know some people like that also)
Babies []are born without kneecaps.
They don't appear until the child reaches 2 to 6 years of age.
February 1865 is the only month in recorded history not to have a
full moon.
[]
In the last 4,000 years, no new animals have been domesticated.
[]
If the population of China walked past you, 8 abreast,
the line would never end because of the rate of reproduction.
[]
Leonardo Da Vinci invented the scissors
[]
Peanuts []are one of the ingredients of dynamite!
[]
Rubber bands []last longer when refrigerated.
The average person's left hand does 56% of the typing. []
The cruise liner, QE 2
[]
moves only six inches for each gallon of diesel that it burns.
The microwave []was invented after a researcher walked by a radar
tube and a chocolate bar melted in his pocket.
(Good thing he did that.)
The winter of 1932 was so cold that Niagara Falls
[]
froze completely solid.
There are more chickens []than people in the world.
Winston Churchill
[]
was born in a ladies' room during a dance.
Women blink []nearly twice as much as men.
Now you know more than you did before!!
The following quote, and excerpt, from Susan Langer's Philosophy in a New Key, may give some food for thought.
"In the fundamental notion of symbolization — mystical, practical, or mathematical, it makes no difference —
we have the keynote of all humanistic problems. In it lies a new
conception of 'mentality,' that may illumine questions of life and
consciousness, instead of obscuring them as traditional 'scientific
methods' have done." (from Philosophy in a New Key)
Susanne K. Langer*
* **1895-1985*
*Preface to the First Edition *
*The "new key" in Philosophy is not one which I have struck.
Other people have struck it, quite clearly and repeatedly. This book purports merely
to
demonstrate the unrecognized fact that it is a new key, and to show how the main themes of our thought tend to be transposed into it. As every shift
of
tonality gives a new sense to previous passages, so the reorientation of philosophy which is taking place in our age, bestows new aspects on the ideas
and arguments of the past.
Our thinking stems from that past, but does not
continue it in the ways that were foreseen. Its cleavages cut across the old lines, and suddenly bring out new motifs that were not felt to be implicit in the premises of the schools at all; for it changes the questions of philosophy.*
*The universality of the great key-change in
our thinking is shown by the fact that its tonic chord could ring true for a mind essentially preoccupied
with logic, scientific language, and empirical fact, al-though that chord was actually first sounded by thinkers of very different school. Logic
and
science had indeed prepared the harmony for it, unwittingly; for the study of mathematical "transformations" and "projections," the
construction of alternative descriptive systems, etc., had raised the issue of symbolic modes and of the variable relationship of form and content.
But the
people who recognized the importance of expressive forms for all human under-standing were those who saw that not only science, but myth, analogy, metaphorical thinking, and art are intellectual activities determined by symbolic modes"; and those people were for the most part of the
idealist school.
The relation of art to epistemology was first revealed to them through reflection on the phenomenal character of experience, in the course of the great transcendentalist "adventure of ideas" launched by
Immanuel Kant. And, even now, practically all serious, ,and penetrating philosophy
of
art is related somehow to the idealistic tradition. Most studies of artistic significance, of art as a symbolic form and a vehicle of conception, have been made in the spirit of post-Kantian metaphysics.*
*Yet I do not believe an idealistic interpretation of Reality is necessary to the recognition of art as a symbolic form. Professor Urban speaks of
"the assumption that the more richly and energetically the human spirit builds its languages and symbolisms, the nearer it comes . . . to its
ultimate being and reality," as "the idealistic minimum necessary for
any adequate theory of symbolism." If there be such a
"Reality" as the idealists assume, then access to it, as to any other intellectual goal, must be through some adequate symbolism; but I cannot see that any access to the source or "principle" of man's being is presupposed in the logical
and psychological study of symbolism itself.
We need not assume the presence
of a transcendental "human spirit," if we recognize, for instance, the
function of symbolic transformation as a natural activity, a high form of nervous response, characteristic of man among the animals. The study of symbol
and meaning is a starting-point of philosophy, not a derivative from Cartesian, Humean, or Kantian premises; and the recognition of its fecundity and depth may be reached from various positions, though it is a historical fact that the idealists reached it first, and have given us the most illuminating literature on non-discursive symbolisms—myth, ritual, and art.
Their studies, however, are so intimately linked with their metaphysical speculations that the new key they have struck in philosophy impresses one,
at first, as a mere modulation within their old strain. Its real vitality
is most evident when one realizes that even studies like the present essay, springing from logical rather than from ethical or metaphysical interests, may be actuated by the same generative idea, the essentially transformational nature of human understanding.*
On Sat, Nov 14, 2009 at 1:07 PM, Jon Bennett <jonbenn@...> wrote:
Lewis,
I read most of your paper although late it night so some didn't make it into my brain.
As I was reading the paper the first thing that I noticed was its historical, biographical, beginning. Just as with my last post on defining complexity, I started with personal history, and how I came to know about complexity science. This is important, I think in understanding complexity. That is, its important to understand our personal, intellectual evolution, and that of the ideas we are discussing.
This is important in coming to terms with your concerns about definitions, in language and in mathematical symbols. The first thing I thought of was the history of these concerns. And this can be useful to trace, because complexity science didn't spring forth, like Athena, in full armor out of the head of Zeus.
You can see these issues being worked out in the whole of the 20th century philosophy, and before. Russel, Wittgenstein, and others dealt with just such concerns, regarding the meaning of words and mathematical and logical symbols. So it seems that the problem with defining complexity is part of a larger problem.
And as near as I can see, as I have argued before, this problem goes back at least to Kant, if not Hume or Berkley in modern times. And that is the problem of how symbol relates to reality. And this is just another way of saying, or asking how does mind relate to reality.
Do the symbols of the mind reflect reality, and accurately, consistently. Or is our knowledge conditioned, altered, created by the structures of the mind.
So the definition of complexity seems but a subset of this larger issue. And until that is resolved, it seems all definitions will be partial, and continually shifting and evolving. There will always be "multiple" complexities, with multiple and continually evolving, and devolving, meaning.
Jon
One other thing I didn't see mentioned was a definition of data, or patterns, represented in space, as well as time. But I could have overlooked it at the late hour.
I read most of your paper although late it night so some didn't make it into my brain.
As I was reading the paper the first thing that I noticed was its historical, biographical, beginning. Just as with my last post on defining complexity, I started with personal history, and how I came to know about complexity science. This is important, I think in understanding complexity. That is, its important to understand our personal, intellectual evolution, and that of the ideas we are discussing.
This is important in coming to terms with your concerns about definitions, in language and in mathematical symbols. The first thing I thought of was the history of these concerns. And this can be useful to trace, because complexity science didn't spring forth, like Athena, in full armor out of the head of Zeus.
You can see these issues being worked out in the whole of the 20th century philosophy, and before. Russel, Wittgenstein, and others dealt with just such concerns, regarding the meaning of words and mathematical and logical symbols. So it seems that the problem with defining complexity is part of a larger problem.
And as near as I can see, as I have argued before, this problem goes back at least to Kant, if not Hume or Berkley in modern times. And that is the problem of how symbol relates to reality. And this is just another way of saying, or asking how does mind relate to reality.
Do the symbols of the mind reflect reality, and accurately, consistently. Or is our knowledge conditioned, altered, created by the structures of the mind.
So the definition of complexity seems but a subset of this larger issue. And until that is resolved, it seems all definitions will be partial, and continually shifting and evolving. There will always be "multiple" complexities, with multiple and continually evolving, and devolving, meaning.
Jon
One other thing I didn't see mentioned was a definition of data, or patterns, represented in space, as well as time. But I could have overlooked it at the late hour.
Here's a link to a map regarding Complexity and the development of different areas of study:
http://bit.ly/nM0h
In some ways it is a time line and it also shows how different areas are related. You can also click on a topic for more information.
One of the main principles in studying Complex Adaptive Systems is Self-Organization. Ant colonies, schools of fish, flocks of birds, herds of animals, all exhibit movement which is self-organized. Vehicle traffic on a highway also exhibits emergent behavior. Social networks that can be viewed as a graph also exhibit a high degree of self-organization. Articles published on a particular subject can be plotted on a graph.
All the examples of complex systems listed above exhibit some common characteristics:
1. They consist of a large number of interacting agents.
2. They exhibit emergence; that is, a self-organizing collective behavior that is difficult to anticipate from the knowledge of the agents' behavior.
3. Their emergent behavior does not result from the existence of a central controller.
For a very interesting section on Complexity and how is relates to sociology, go to the following link on Google books, an excerpt from the book, Chaos, Criminology and Social Justice: the new orderly (dis)order By Dragan Milovanovic.
here's a link to it: http://bit.ly/41FgH2
I found the section from page 37 to page 40 to be very interesting. Take care, Tom
The diagram would make more sense with the paper wrapped around it (coming soon from an ISCE publisher near you).
The diagram combines eight definitions of complexity - seen as co-causal dimensions. That "thing" called complexity can be understood (to some extent) using the model - in much the same way that using Newton's law allows us to understand Force as the result of Mass multiplied by Acceleration. Not "perfect" but works.
One way to look at that complexity model is to see complexity as the opposite of Predictability. So, in an organizational setting, Predictability may be increased by taking Action, developing Strategies, and having more Information. Predictability is reduced by the occurrence of Emergence and Time.
Of course, that would only "count" for the organizational system under observation. If a team of managers working in secret made the organization more Predictable to themselves, the organization as a whole might have less information about those managers so they (as another organizational system) might appear to be less predictable!
This diagram presents a theory of complexity - that is to say some shared idea about what complexity "is" and how it interacts with other "things." This theory can be applied (most legitimately) to organizations - and it would be interesting to see if one might draw equally valid conclusions when applying it to other systems.
Your objection to complexity as a theory seems strange - because that is, itself, a theory. And, by having a discipline and studying phenomena, we will be led inexorably toward new theory. And, with more effective theory, we can be more effective as individuals and organizations.
I have a somewhat different idea about the Newtonian/reductive nature of this and similar theories. I would suggest that a theory is weaker when it claims linear relationships (e.g. A causes B causes C). In contrast, a more useful theory is one where each concept is understood in co-causal relationship with the other concepts (you will note that this model has some linear and some co-causal relationships - suggesting there is much room for improvement in our understanding of complexity in organizations).
From the view of a theory based on co-causal relationships, there is no "absolute" reductive relationship - because there is no linear deterministic relationship.
While one might "determine" (rightly, wrongly, or somewhere in between) that the model works perfectly, the model itself contains too many variables to be deterministic (within the model).
For example, by using this model, one might decide to gain more Information to increase the Predictability of an organizational system. However, that is not to suggest that there is a linear relationship between Information and Predictability... because more Information will also affect Fitness. And, changes in Fitness might reduce the Actions in the organization and so reduce the Predictability.
So, attempting to understand Predictability from a linear perspective (e.g. only through its relationship to Information) will result in an poor understanding. In contrast, working to understand Predictability by understanding Information, Action, Strategy, Goals, Time, and Emergence, will result in a better understanding of Predictability.
In short, one cannot say that there is "no" linearity. Because that would be a linear relationship (or worse, an atomistic truth claim). Instead, it makes mores sense to suggest that there are varying degrees of linearity. If one approaches as system and attempts to understand it or control it from only one dimension, there sill be much less linearity than if one attempts to understand or control a system using from multiple dimensions.
For a simple example based on Ohm's law (Volts=Amps x Ohms), one might try to change the Volts of an electrical circuit by adjusting its Ohms. However, changing the Ohms might just as easily change the Amps as the Volts - an unpredictable relationship. However, if one is able to control and adjust the Ohms and the Amps, one can then have much more control and predictability over what changes occur in the Volts.
So, in short, please don't blame a nonlinear theory for the appearance of linearity in our own human system.
Of course, there are always nonlinear results. For example, with Ohm's law (and a few others) we gained control over electricity. From that predictability arose vast unpredicted consequences (the development or radios, power distribution, computers, space travel... and all the social benefits and ills that accompany them).
Thanks,
Steve
Steven E. Wallis, Ph.D.
Director, Foundation for the Advancement of Social Theory Fellow, Institute for Social Innovation, Fielding Graduate University
Subject: Re: [ISCE_complex-M] Re: Complexity vs Complicatedness
from Lewis L. Smith
I finally got the diagram which combines eight different definitions of complexity.
It show flows of concepts, info and impacts, but I don't see its relation to a definition of complexity. Probably I am having a slow day.
Also I object to the phrase "complexity theory". My strong impression is that most complexity researchers have given up on the one-time hope of achieving something on the order of Newton's Mechanics.
What we have is a discipline which studies related phenomena in fields such as biology, economics, lakes, neuro systems, physiology, political science, river systems, sociology et cetera.
The following are some quotes from various researchers concerning the connection of religion and science. As you will see, there are also quotes from some the founders of science as well, including Newton, Descartes, Kepler, and Galileo.
Jon
Thus, Newton's fundamental assumption of "true knowledge" as a "knowledge of God" and therefore of the "unity of truth"-must be understood as a products of His will and therefore manifestations of His activity in the world the -the truth that humans must work to uncover, then, is precisely the evidence of God's activity-such truth, for Newton was one.
by enjoining humans to uncover the evidence of God's activity in the world, Newton re figures "unity" as the unity of various parts making up the larger whole of God's two Books, of the universe as a whole.
This narrative refiguring of the "Word" and the "Book of Nature" leads Newton to envision a difficult, incomplete, and perhaps unending task of "man's" Fall.
Dobbs--
Human beings had once known how to worship God properly, and had understood the true religion. But humanity had slipped into idolatry...and the knowledge of true religion had been corrupted or lost. However, true religion might be restored.
One comes finally to that powerful fountain of motivation that kept Newton at his furnace year after year...-the knowledge of God's activity in the world.
...His actions are His glory...His actions, the "issues" of His will, are indeed "the only glory by which God manifests Himself to His creatures, and which His creatures are able to behold in Him, the reason why His creatures worship Him, and the life and soul of all worship we can give Him...
"The worship of God for His activity in the world- in creating it, preserving it, and governing it according to His will-that is true religion. That is what Isaac Newton intended to restore through his study of God's activity in cosmology, alchemy, and history"
James Force
"Children of Eternity"
The following comments come from a book entitled "The Presence of the Past. They are from a chapter 2 "Changeless Laws, Permanent Energy.
Sheldrake is pointing out a serious problem with these ideas in an evolutionary paradigm, or as we may say a complexity paradigm.
Sheldrake:
"In the seventeenth century, the metaphor was quite explicit: the laws of nature were framed by God, the Lord of all Creation. His laws were immutable; his writ ran everywhere and always."
"Although many people no longer
believe in such a God, his universal
laws have survived him to this day.
But when we pause to consider the
nature of these laws, they rapidly
become mysterious. They govern matter
and motion, but they are not
themselves material nor do they move.
They cannot be seen or weighed or
touched; they lie beyond the realm of
sense experience.They are
potentially present everywhere and
always. They have no physical source
of origin. Indeed, even in the
absence of God, they still share many
of his traditional attributes. They
are omnipresent, immutable,
universal, and self-subsistent.
Nothing can be hidden from them, nor
lie beyond their power."
Sheldrake goes onto say:
"Eternal laws made sense when they were ideas within the mind of God, as they were for the founding fathers of modern science. They still seemed to make sense when they governed an eternal universe from which God's mind had been dissolved. But do they any longer make sense in the context of the big bang and an evolving universe?"
"Gravitational force depended on the being of God; it was an expression of his will. Likewise, the absolute mathematical space and time in which all matter existed was none other than an aspect of God. "containing in himself all things as their principle and place."
From Newton:
"He is eternal and infinite, omnipotent and omniscient; that is, his duration reaches from eternity to eternity' his presence from infinity to infinity: he governs all things, and knows all things that are or can be done....He endures forever and is everywhere present; and by existing always and everywhere, he constitutes duration and space."
....."He is all similar, all eye, all ear, all brain, all arm , all power to perceive, to understand, and to act; but in a manner not at all human,, in a manner not at all corporeal, in a manner utterly unknown to us."
Sheldrake:
"This aspect of Newton's thought was soon forgotten. The hidden forces permeating the space of the universe were soon attributed to matter itself; they arose from material reality rather than from God. And when God was finally dissolved away from Newton's vision, what was left was a word machine in absolute mathematical space and time, containing inanimate forces and matter, and entirely governed by mathematical laws."
"Kepler went further that discovering mathematical relationships: he believed that the mathematical harmony discovered in the observed facts were the cause of these facts, the reason why they are as they are. God created the world in accordance with the principle of perfect numbers; hence the mathematical harmonies in the mind of thecreator provide the cause, " why number, the size and the motives of the orbits are as they are and not otherwise."
"God created the world in accordance with numerical harmonies and that is why he made the human mind in such a way that it could truly know only by means of quantity."
Seldrake:
"Galileo too, believed the mathematical order is owing to God, who thinks into the world its rigorous mathematical necessity, and who also permits by the mathematical method an absolute certainty of scientific knowledge."
"Everything in nature worked entirely mechanically; in other words everything was inanimate-except human minds. Thus Descartes eliminated from the world all such disturbances as life, will, and intentions. Nothing had its own principle of life or its own source of movement: these came from God. And the mathematical laws of nature were God-given metaphysical truths: "The metaphysical truths styled eternal have been established by God, and like the rest of his creation, depend entirely on him."
"For Descartes, however, with the world and all living beings within it inanimate, God became the sole living principle of everything, including rational human minds. As he said himself,' The majority of men do not think of God as an infinite and incomprehensible being, and as the sole author from whom all thins flow; they go no further that the letters of his name...The vulgar imagine him as a finite thing.'
James E. Force, Richard Henry Popkin - Political Science - 1999 - 325 pages - Limited preview
This volume of essays builds upon the foundation of its authors in their previous works and extends and elaborates the emerging picture of the `new' Newton, the great synthesizer ofscience and religion as revealed in his intellectual context.
This book deals with Newton's understanding of the original divine design hidden in the mathematical laws of nature and delivered to humanity by messengers, such as Noah, Moses andChrist.
I finally got the diagram which combines eight different definitions of complexity.
It show flows of concepts, info and impacts, but I don't see its relation to a definition of complexity. Probably I am having a slow day.
Also I object to the phrase "complexity theory". My strong impression is that most complexity researchers have given up on the one-time hope of achieving something on the order of Newton's Mechanics.
What we have is a discipline which studies related phenomena in fields such as biology, economics, lakes, neuro systems, physiology, political science, river systems, sociology et cetera.
Your starting to make more sense every day. This is getting really scary.
On Wed, Nov 11, 2009 at 8:12 PM, Frank <antstig@...> wrote:
The biting irony is that this piece of liberal nonsense (ie giving rights to anyone who believes in anything) will actually undermine democracy.
But then again I tend to view liberals esp Hamsptead or Long Island type liberals as quasi fascists. They certainly show a remarkable intolerance to anyone that has beliefs differing from them. At least that's my experience.
Anyway this is not really talking about complexity so I'll shut up.
The biting irony is that this piece of liberal nonsense (ie giving rights to
anyone who believes in anything) will actually undermine democracy.
But then again I tend to view liberals esp Hamsptead or Long Island type
liberals as quasi fascists. They certainly show a remarkable intolerance to
anyone that has beliefs differing from them. At least that's my experience.
Anyway this is not really talking about complexity so I'll shut up.
Frank
--- In ISCE_complex-M@yahoogroups.com, Jon Bennett <jonbenn@...> wrote:
>
> Since we are having such a time definint complexity, and not to mention its
> relation to religion, I thought this might be of interest to some.
>
> http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/swfuller/entry/the_dawn_of/
>
Please let me re-iterate my understanding and its history here. I believe in repetition and redundancy.
I think I joined the list around 1998 or 99, possibly earlier. I had become interested in the fact that the Western world was undergoing a huge transformation. My earliest interest in this had come-other than living through the 60's-from reading Fritjof Capra.
This is interesting because of the recent threads on science and religion. I first read Capra's "The Tao of Physics", which we should discuss more because of the connection he and many others see between Eastern religion and the revolution in physics.
This was in about 1984, and I soon came upon Capra's much more serious work, "The Turning Point', which can be read on line. And it was in this book I came across the work of Pitirim Sorokin, and his four volume,"Social and Cultural Dynamics". I soon began to read the works of other physicists, Heisenberg, Plank, and Newton, and soon realized the connection of religious thought to their work in physics.
But my point for defining complexity is this: To really get an understanding of complexity theory, a really wholistic understanding, its important to understand this vast, and epochal shift happening in the whole of the culture. This is the seminal fact.
I was aware of all of the main ideas in complexity theory before I even heard of it. Why? Because all its main themes and ideas had emerged in virtually every other discipline, and in every other "compartment" of culture.
This is the matrix of ideas Tarnas refers to. They are very specific, and interrelated and they show up everywhere from art to philosophy, science to religion, from music to literature, from sociology to pop culture, from psychology to astronomy, from logic to mathematics, from computer science to ethics, to biology.
So there is very substantial evidence that a very big, ginormous, cultural transformation taking place. And this is the wholistic perspective from which to understand complexity.
The reason complexity is hard to define is because the metaphysics of the whole age says reality can't be defined. The reason we say there are "many" definitions or many complexity sciences, is because the Weltanschauung of the age says reality is pluralistic.
The reason we say that we have to learn to deal with paradox and the reason we shun polarity, is because the overall world view has abandoned dualism and accepted ambiguity as its guiding principle.
I have traced this cultural shift, and all the main ideas back to a "new" theological position. But that may be going to fast for now. For now, I just want to suggest, and give evidence if need be, that we are in fact, in such an epochal transition in the Western world, and because of the influence of the West this is a world wide shift.
And secondly, I want to show that there is very strong evidence that these same core ideas, this same matrix of ideas, is being acknowledged in all disciplines, and in every nook and cranny of our culture.
In addition to this approach to understanding complexity, I'd like to look at some of the problems it can solve, some of its applications. Our recent discussions have suggested a few.
How can complexity science really help us resolve conflict-in relationships, organizations, nations, the world, and even this list?
What can it tell us about tolerance, in practice?
What can it tell us about addiction, denial, mental health issues, or psychology generally.
What about the application of complexity to problem solving, or to goal setting and achievement, or to project management, or to making money!!!!
I'm trying to write a book. How can complexity science help me to focus, organize, edit, finish, promote, market and sell my work?
What can it tell us about health, physical and mental and emotional. Interestingly, the world "wholism", and wholisitic, are etymologically related to the words-holy, sane, salvation, sanctification, peace, integrity-now there's a connection with complexity and religion!
And let us not forget, since we insist on everything being joined, that wholism is related to being separate from, as in holy and pure. To be holy is to be separate or separated from
How can it help me to relate to my two teenage daughters?
So what are real life issues you are dealing with. And how can complexity science lead to real understanding and practical action and change.
And what about that old stickler, complexity and human nature?
Anyway these two broad approaches:
1) seeing complexity as part of a larger cultural revolution and cultural mentality
and
2) looking at the real life, practical applications of complexity
might be a good approach.
Because all paradigms, worldviews, or metaphysical understandings, or ages, change on both the level of theory and practice, almost simultaneously.
And here is yet another topic, of how the theory and practice, of complexity is related.
In the broader sense, how is intellectual history related to history as it unfolds, "on the ground".
And within this larger historical development of Western culture-both the intellectual and the ground level, we will find embedded the evolution, the meaning and application of complexity science.
The post was meant tongue in cheek, sort of. In an era where we have trouble defining anything, including complexity, I thought it an interesting question. If humanism and the "green" movement are termed by the court as religions, it seems a relevant question.
In any case, defining reality, and what is beneath this difficulty is an intriguing question to me.
I'll have more to say about definitions soon, and thanks for your paper on complexity.
Jon
On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 5:07 PM, <MMBTUPR@...> wrote:
from Lewis L. Smith
I have been a pro bono researcher in the applications to economics of the new discipline of complexity since 1994, with six papers and one collaboration to my credit. So I have some familiarity with "the inhabitants of the complexity world".
It would never occur to me to categorize complexity as a religion. Those who labor within its bounds and at its interfaces with other disciplines, without fail regard complexity as just that, an applied or academic discipline. That is, they regard it as a region of the mind where people of similar concerns can meet, interchange ideas and study phenomena which exhibit certain similar characteristics.
There is no requirement for belief in a superior being, force or source of wisdom. There is no research into the possibility of such a phenomenon, ongoing or proposed. Investigators in applied complexity do not even study those religious organizations which may well be complex, preferring such mundane phenomena as complicated manufacturing operations, large oil companies and large government agencies. There is no longer even any hope of a general theory of complexity.
So I suspect that those who attempt to answer the question posed by the subject of this email are "barking up the wrong tree", as the old-time raccoon hunters used to say.
To get a feel for what consultants to industry actually do when they apply complexity to solving business problems, try the following three as samples >>
[1] Complexity Research Programme [London Sch of Economics]
www.psych.lse.ac.uk/complexity
[2] Washington Center for CX and Public Policy
www.complexsys.org
[3] Plexus Institute
www.PlexusInstitute.org
There must be at least a dozen more, but I cant remember their names this late at night !
In this sense complexity is like biology. For over 150 years, biologists have been arguing over what is life and how does it arise. But this has not prevented biologists from discovering things and helping people to live longer and better.
So it is with complexity. There are over 20 definitions of complexity or complex systems still "on the table", but this situation has not prevented "complexity buffs" from solving practical problems for business people.
As the son and grandson of lawyers and the uncle of two, I suspect that the Honorable Judge has opened up a "bushel of worms".
His definition does not have clear enough boundaries for purposes of enforcement. In particular, it is not clear what people whose beliefs qualify by his standard have a right to refuse to do while on the job.
I have been a pro bono researcher in the applications to economics of the new discipline of complexity since 1994, with six papers and one collaboration to my credit. So I have some familiarity with "the inhabitants of the complexity world".
It would never occur to me to categorize complexity as a religion. Those who labor within its bounds and at its interfaces with other disciplines, without fail regard complexity as just that, an applied or academic discipline. That is, they regard it as a region of the mind where people of similar concerns can meet, interchange ideas and study phenomena which exhibit certain similar characteristics.
There is no requirement for belief in a superior being, force or source of wisdom. There is no research into the possibility of such a phenomenon, ongoing or proposed. Investigators in applied complexity do not even study those religious organizations which may well be complex, preferring such mundane phenomena as complicated manufacturing operations, large oil companies and large government agencies. There is no longer even any hope of a general theory of complexity.
So I suspect that those who attempt to answer the question posed by the subject of this email are "barking up the wrong tree", as the old-time raccoon hunters used to say.
Last week a UK high court judge made a very interesting ruling that sets out criteria for how one's personal beliefs might acquire the status of a 'religion' for purposes of legal protection. The belief is question was Green ideology, and the judgement was in favour of this 'believer'. Those of you interested in social epistemology, the relations between politics and science and/or science and religion are invited to visit and contribute to my blog on this matter. You'll find there a link a newspaper article that details the case. I would really like to know what academics make of this case. Please pass this message to any other lists that you think might take an interest in this matter.
Steven: I like your diagram very much. I think when it comes to it, certainly in a business sense, models often don't come into play at all. But they can help us to look for ideas in unexpected places. What follows may fall into the category of faddish overuse of buzzwords relating to Complexity, and, in this care, 'Chaotic', now a much maligned term in this group. I would say that models are useful to the extent that they are useful, that it is more a pragmatic criteria than whether it is an accurate mirror of reality. What I got from your diagram is that when we are in an organization, we are not only ourselves, but we are acting in a role in the organization. Understanding that we are a cog in a machine can help relieve some of our anxiety knowing that we are part of a larger system. The below article is excerpted from a larger one listed in the second paragraph. Complexity as an area of inquiry is relatively new, less than 30 years. People are feeling their way through the landscape.
The below article is from the November 2007 issue of the Harvard Business Review. It’s about decision making in the context of business situations that range from simple, to complex, complicated or chaotic. “Wise executives tailor their approach to fit the complexity of the circumstances they face,” the authors write. The piece then walks you through the management styles and skill sets that are required to best-handle each.
“A Leader’s Framework for Decision Making” was written by David J. Snowden, a founder of
a research network based in England called Cognitive Edge, and Mary E.
Boone, a consultant with Boone Associates, in Connecticut.
Meanwhile,
we’ve highlighted some key points, and at the end share a terrific
diagnostic chart that breaks it all down — including the leader’s job in each context, the danger signals, and appropriate responses. Use it as your crib sheet.
The authors’ have established something they call the “Cynefin framework,”
to sort the circumstances you’ll face as a leader into four categories,
defined by the nature of the relationship between cause and effect.
(Cynefin, pronounced ku-nev-in, is a Welsh word that signifies the
multiple factors in our environment and our experience that influence
us in ways we can never understand.) There is a fifth category,
disorder, but it applies only when it is unclear which of the other
four contexts is predominant.
1) Simple Contexts: The Domain of Best Practice
Simple contexts are characterized by stability and clear cause-and-effect relationships that are easily discernible by everyone.
2) Complicated Contexts: The Domain of Experts
Complicated
contexts, unlike simple ones, may contain multiple right answers, and
though there is a clear relationship between cause and effect, not
everyone can see it. This is the realm of “known unknowns.”
3) Complex Contexts: The Domain of Emergence
…at least one right answer exists.
In a complex context, however, right answers can’t be ferreted out.
It’s like the difference between, say, a Ferrari and the Brazilian
rain forest. Ferraris are complicated machines, but an expert mechanic
can take one apart and reassemble it without changing a thing. The car
is static, and the whole is the sum of its parts. The rain forest, on
the other hand, is in constant flux—a species becomes extinct, weather
patterns change, an agricultural project reroutes a water source—and
the whole is far more than the sum of its parts. This is the realm of “unknown unknowns,” and it is the domain to which much of contemporary business has shifted.
4) Chaotic Contexts: The Domain of Rapid Response
… searching for right answers would be pointless:
The relationships between cause and effect are impossible to determine
because they shift constantly and no manageable patterns exist—only
turbulence. [Here] a leader must first act to establish order, then
sense where stability is present and from where it is absent, and then
respond by working to transform the situation from chaos to complexity…
5) No Context: Disorder
The very nature [of] disorder makes
it particularly difficult to recognize when one is in it… The way out
of this realm is to break down the situation into constituent parts and
assign each [part] to one of the other four realms.
Decisions in Multiple Contexts: A Leader’s Guide
Effective leaders learn to shift their decision-making styles to match
changing business environments. Simple, complicated, complex, and
chaotic contexts each call for different managerial responses. By
correctly identifying the governing context, staying aware of danger
signals, and avoiding inappropriate reactions, managers can lead
effectively in a variety of situations.