52 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Jordan Tall Al-Umayri Megaliths
Deciphered as Astronomy

Dear LexiLiners,

For the first time, I have now been able to decipher one of the
megalithic sites of the region of Israel and Jordan, in this case,
the megaliths of the Jordanian Temple at Tall Al-Umayri, Madaba
Plains (Ma'daba), Jordan, south of Amman and east of Jerusalem.

The decipherment is uploaded to our LexiLine files at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
to the new directory "Jordan"
as the file

tallalumayri.png

The Daily Star of August 5, 2004, carries an article by Larry G. Herr
entitled "3500-year-old Bronze Age temple discovered in Jordan".

See
http://snipurl.com/2r57
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?
edition_id=10&categ_id=4&Article_id=6915

Larry G. Herr is Prof. of Archaeology, Canadian University College,
Alberta, Canada and together with Douglas R. Clark, Exec. Director,
American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, directs the Madaba
Plains Project.

This project, together with the Jordan Department of Antiquities,
headed by Director-General, Fawwaz al-Khraysheh, has found a temple
at Tall Al-Umayri which contains a shrine of megaliths built into an
ancient wall.

The temple consists of four rooms, with the megaliths being found in
the largest room. The megaliths (obviously to symbolize the heavens)
tower 3 meters above the heads of the temple excavators.

see
http://www.wwc.edu/academics/departments/theology/mpp/
http://snipurl.com/8caa
http://www.wwc.edu/academics/departments/theology/mpp/umayri/index.htm
http://www.utoronto.ca/tmap/

The archaeologists have dated the temple to 1500 BC. I do not know
what their basis for this dating is - but my decipherment of the
megaliths indicates that these stones as cupmarked may date to ca.
3117 BC.

If the walls are indeed more recent, then the original - older -
megaliths were integrated into the walls of the temple many years
later than their original creation.

The megaliths are carved and also have cupmarks, especially
the middle large round megalithic stone, which appears to have the
stars of Andromeda cupmarked on it.

To the left we find what I identify provisionally as the stars of
Perseus, the Pleiades and Aries, with Taurus carved on the adjacent
wall.

To the right we find possibly Lacerta, Pegasus, and Aquarius.

Above, the wall marks the Milky Way, Cassiopeia, and Cepheus.

Below we find the clear shapes of fish for Pisces and a large whale
for Cetus including an apparent marking of the South Galactic Pole
near Phoenix.

In the astronomical survey of the fertile crescent, we thus find -
provisionally - that Jordan apparently marked Andromeda, as evidenced
by the large prominent stone in the temple - the one with the stars
of Andromeda cupmarked on it.

JORDAn is a name said to derive from Hebrew YARAD meaning "descend"
or "flow down" and thus originally surely applied to the River Jordan.

We find the ancient Arabic name al 'ARD for Andromeda to be possibly
related to JORDan (see Richard Hinckley Allen, Star Names, p. 36).

Perhaps this is origin of the astronomical line marked here at
Andromeda as al RISHA, the band of the fish, which was called ARIT in
Egypt, according to Renouf, an identification supported by the later
Coptic ARTulosia, which referred to the moon station at Alpheratz in
that same constellation Andromeda.

All of those terms are similar matching the geography to astronomy in
the hermetic system.

It is thus perhaps no accident and rather the product of many
thousands of years of tradition that the Madaba Mosaic Map from
Madaba, Jordan (ca. 6th-7th cent. A.D.), though partially destroyed,
is regarded to be one of the best ancient maps of Biblical lands.

See
http://198.62.75.1/www1/ofm/fai/FAImadmn.html
http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/

Enjoy,

Andis

Dear LexiLiners,

Oops. A small link error occurred in the last posting.

The correct snipped URL for

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?
edition_id=10&categ_id=4&Article_id=6915

which does not wrap fully in Yahoo - you otherwise have to cut and
paste it -
is
http://snipurl.com/8cbk

Somehow the LawPundit snip was erroneously used.

Andis

--- In LexiLine@yahoogroups.com, "Andis Kaulins" <AKaulins@a...>
wrote:
> 52 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Jordan Tall Al-Umayri Megaliths
> Deciphered as Astronomy
>
> Dear LexiLiners,
>
> For the first time, I have now been able to decipher one of the
> megalithic sites of the region of Israel and Jordan, in this case,
> the megaliths of the Jordanian Temple at Tall Al-Umayri, Madaba
> Plains (Ma'daba), Jordan, south of Amman and east of Jerusalem.
>
> The decipherment is uploaded to our LexiLine files at
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
> to the new directory "Jordan"
> as the file
>
> tallalumayri.png
>
> The Daily Star of August 5, 2004, carries an article by Larry G.
Herr
> entitled "3500-year-old Bronze Age temple discovered in Jordan".
>
> See
> http://snipurl.com/2r57
> http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?
> edition_id=10&categ_id=4&Article_id=6915
>
> Larry G. Herr is Prof. of Archaeology, Canadian University College,
> Alberta, Canada and together with Douglas R. Clark, Exec. Director,
> American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, directs the Madaba
> Plains Project.
>
> This project, together with the Jordan Department of Antiquities,
> headed by Director-General, Fawwaz al-Khraysheh, has found a temple
> at Tall Al-Umayri which contains a shrine of megaliths built into
an
> ancient wall.
>
> The temple consists of four rooms, with the megaliths being found
in
> the largest room. The megaliths (obviously to symbolize the
heavens)
> tower 3 meters above the heads of the temple excavators.
>
> see
> http://www.wwc.edu/academics/departments/theology/mpp/
> http://snipurl.com/8caa
>
http://www.wwc.edu/academics/departments/theology/mpp/umayri/index.htm
> http://www.utoronto.ca/tmap/
>
> The archaeologists have dated the temple to 1500 BC. I do not know
> what their basis for this dating is - but my decipherment of the
> megaliths indicates that these stones as cupmarked may date to ca.
> 3117 BC.
>
> If the walls are indeed more recent, then the original - older -
> megaliths were integrated into the walls of the temple many years
> later than their original creation.
>
> The megaliths are carved and also have cupmarks, especially
> the middle large round megalithic stone, which appears to have the
> stars of Andromeda cupmarked on it.
>
> To the left we find what I identify provisionally as the stars of
> Perseus, the Pleiades and Aries, with Taurus carved on the adjacent
> wall.
>
> To the right we find possibly Lacerta, Pegasus, and Aquarius.
>
> Above, the wall marks the Milky Way, Cassiopeia, and Cepheus.
>
> Below we find the clear shapes of fish for Pisces and a large
whale
> for Cetus including an apparent marking of the South Galactic Pole
> near Phoenix.
>
> In the astronomical survey of the fertile crescent, we thus find -
> provisionally - that Jordan apparently marked Andromeda, as
evidenced
> by the large prominent stone in the temple - the one with the stars
> of Andromeda cupmarked on it.
>
> JORDAn is a name said to derive from Hebrew YARAD meaning "descend"
> or "flow down" and thus originally surely applied to the River
Jordan.
>
> We find the ancient Arabic name al 'ARD for Andromeda to be
possibly
> related to JORDan (see Richard Hinckley Allen, Star Names, p. 36).
>
> Perhaps this is origin of the astronomical line marked here at
> Andromeda as al RISHA, the band of the fish, which was called ARIT
in
> Egypt, according to Renouf, an identification supported by the
later
> Coptic ARTulosia, which referred to the moon station at Alpheratz
in
> that same constellation Andromeda.
>
> All of those terms are similar matching the geography to astronomy
in
> the hermetic system.
>
> It is thus perhaps no accident and rather the product of many
> thousands of years of tradition that the Madaba Mosaic Map from
> Madaba, Jordan (ca. 6th-7th cent. A.D.), though partially
destroyed,
> is regarded to be one of the best ancient maps of Biblical lands.
>
> See
> http://198.62.75.1/www1/ofm/fai/FAImadmn.html
> http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/
>
> Enjoy,
>
> Andis

Dear LexiLiners,

Please note that what we see at Tall Al-Umayri, i.e. the inclusion
and incorporation of more ancient megaliths in what is apparently a
more modern temple construction, is precisely what I alleged also
occurred in the building of the Great Pyramids of Gizeh in that the
secret chamber of the Cheops pyramid may incorporate more ancient
megaliths originally standing at or near that location ....

See my discussion of the Cheops secret chamber (recently opened) ...
at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/message/652


--- In LexiLine@yahoogroups.com, "Andis Kaulins" <AKaulins@a...>
wrote:
> 52 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Jordan Tall Al-Umayri Megaliths
> Deciphered as Astronomy
>
> Dear LexiLiners,
>
> For the first time, I have now been able to decipher one of the
> megalithic sites of the region of Israel and Jordan, in this case,
> the megaliths of the Jordanian Temple at Tall Al-Umayri, Madaba
> Plains (Ma'daba), Jordan, south of Amman and east of Jerusalem.
>
> The decipherment is uploaded to our LexiLine files at
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
> to the new directory "Jordan"
> as the file
>
> tallalumayri.png
>
> The Daily Star of August 5, 2004, carries an article by Larry G.
Herr
> entitled "3500-year-old Bronze Age temple discovered in Jordan".
>
> See
> http://snipurl.com/2r57
> http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?
> edition_id=10&categ_id=4&Article_id=6915
>
> Larry G. Herr is Prof. of Archaeology, Canadian University College,
> Alberta, Canada and together with Douglas R. Clark, Exec. Director,
> American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, directs the Madaba
> Plains Project.
>
> This project, together with the Jordan Department of Antiquities,
> headed by Director-General, Fawwaz al-Khraysheh, has found a temple
> at Tall Al-Umayri which contains a shrine of megaliths built into
an
> ancient wall.
>
> The temple consists of four rooms, with the megaliths being found
in
> the largest room. The megaliths (obviously to symbolize the
heavens)
> tower 3 meters above the heads of the temple excavators.
>
> see
> http://www.wwc.edu/academics/departments/theology/mpp/
> http://snipurl.com/8caa
>
http://www.wwc.edu/academics/departments/theology/mpp/umayri/index.htm
> http://www.utoronto.ca/tmap/
>
> The archaeologists have dated the temple to 1500 BC. I do not know
> what their basis for this dating is - but my decipherment of the
> megaliths indicates that these stones as cupmarked may date to ca.
> 3117 BC.
>
> If the walls are indeed more recent, then the original - older -
> megaliths were integrated into the walls of the temple many years
> later than their original creation.
>
> The megaliths are carved and also have cupmarks, especially
> the middle large round megalithic stone, which appears to have the
> stars of Andromeda cupmarked on it.
>
> To the left we find what I identify provisionally as the stars of
> Perseus, the Pleiades and Aries, with Taurus carved on the adjacent
> wall.
>
> To the right we find possibly Lacerta, Pegasus, and Aquarius.
>
> Above, the wall marks the Milky Way, Cassiopeia, and Cepheus.
>
> Below we find the clear shapes of fish for Pisces and a large
whale
> for Cetus including an apparent marking of the South Galactic Pole
> near Phoenix.
>
> In the astronomical survey of the fertile crescent, we thus find -
> provisionally - that Jordan apparently marked Andromeda, as
evidenced
> by the large prominent stone in the temple - the one with the stars
> of Andromeda cupmarked on it.
>
> JORDAn is a name said to derive from Hebrew YARAD meaning "descend"
> or "flow down" and thus originally surely applied to the River
Jordan.
>
> We find the ancient Arabic name al 'ARD for Andromeda to be
possibly
> related to JORDan (see Richard Hinckley Allen, Star Names, p. 36).
>
> Perhaps this is origin of the astronomical line marked here at
> Andromeda as al RISHA, the band of the fish, which was called ARIT
in
> Egypt, according to Renouf, an identification supported by the
later
> Coptic ARTulosia, which referred to the moon station at Alpheratz
in
> that same constellation Andromeda.
>
> All of those terms are similar matching the geography to astronomy
in
> the hermetic system.
>
> It is thus perhaps no accident and rather the product of many
> thousands of years of tradition that the Madaba Mosaic Map from
> Madaba, Jordan (ca. 6th-7th cent. A.D.), though partially
destroyed,
> is regarded to be one of the best ancient maps of Biblical lands.
>
> See
> http://198.62.75.1/www1/ofm/fai/FAImadmn.html
> http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/
>
> Enjoy,
>
> Andis

ADMINISTRATIVE - Removal of Members for Choice of the No E-Mail or
Special Notices options

Dear LexiLiners,

As noted in my description of this Newsletter at our group home page,
members of our group MUST choose either the individual e-mail or the
daily digest option to be members.

Any member choosing the "special notice" or "no e-mail" options will
ALWAYS be removed from this list and I have thus just removed four
members. We are an active newsletter list and we do not want inactive
members.

I have no interest in padding our membership numbers with dead weight.

Andis
LexiLine group Newsletter owner

53 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 History of Israel - David and Solomon

Dear LexiLiners,

In an August 13, 2004
Forward Newspaper Online article
at
http://snipurl.com/8q99 or
http://www.forward.com/main/article.php?ref=hazony20040812151 (may
not fully wrap)
by David Hazony entitled "Digging Up the Bible",

the head of the Tel Aviv University school of archaeology, Israel
Finkelstein, is quoted as saying that King David and King Solomon
were not kings at all but only poor hill-country chieftains and that
the fabled Jerusalem was a poor village. With historical academic
incompetents like this in their midst, Israel needs no enemies.

As can be read in the pages of Lexiline,
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi300.htm
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi195.htm
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi46.htm
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi56.htm
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi63.htm

King David was Sethos I of Egypt and King Solomon was Ramses II.

What Finkelstein is quoted as saying is pure nonsense - a theory
based on nothing.

54 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Neanderthals in Northern Europe

Dear LexiLiners,

As reported in the Telegraph by Tony Paterson in Berlin
in the August 22, 2004 article
"Neanderthal Man 'never walked in northern Europe'" at

http://snipurl.com/8qs0
http://news.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml;sessionid=RREKPXASN1355QFI
QMFCM5WAVCBQYJVC?
xml=/news/2004/08/22/wnean22.xml&secureRefresh=true&_requestid
=76823 (will not fully wrap in Yahoo, therefore the snipped URL)

the entire dating and modern view of the Stone Age will have to be
rewritten due to erroneous dating of skeletons and skulls in Germany.

The dating of many of these ancient skulls and skeletons has recently
been checked by the Oxford University carbon dating laboratory and
found to be greatly in error. For example, the skeletons at
Hahnofersand, near Hamburg, thought up to now to be 36,000 years old
are only about 7,500 years old. Other examples are given in the
article.

Here again we have evidence that blind - non-critical - adherence to
the established chronology and history of mainstream science is just
simple idiocy.

55 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Member Feedback - Michele Karpontinis

Dear LexiLiners,

I received this very nice letter from one of our members.

Re: [LexiLine] ADMINISTRATIVE - Removal of Members for choosing No E-
Mail or Special Notices
Datum:    Mi, 25. Aug. 2004 9:34 MEZ
Von:    michele karpontinis <woodseyspirit@...>
An:    LexiLine-owner@yahoogroups.com
Internet-eMail: (Details)

Greetings Andis,

I just wanted to say Thank You for not deleting me, although I choose
to read all the newsletters every month or so, I still enjoy what you
do!  I really enjoy readin up on newley discovered anything
There have been times that I wanted to share some other news that I
have read that I think would be of interest to your readers but, just
haven't ever tried to add anything, just a quiet reader.
Thank you also, for not letting just anyone post, as I read in one of
your other newsletters, it was getting quite annoying to pick and
choose which ones to open, I appreciate you choosing what would be of
interest to your readers, so far so good.
May your work be continually blessed by our Great Creator, Keep up
the Good work!
A Friend of Lexiline,
Michele

56 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Loreley Cliff Coma Berenices

Dear LexiLiners,

To our LexiLine files at

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files/Germany/

I have added the file

loreley.png

a decipherment of the world famed Loreley (Lorelei) Cliff,

showing that this famous cliff, around which many ancient legends
circulate, was carved in the Neolithic Period (Stone Age), having one
large head of a woman with long hair (Loreley) carved on it (surely
using much of the stone as natural formation) as well as several male
heads (who seem to be the fishermen of Loreley legend caught in the
stone) and a bird (Corvus, below Coma Berenices).

Coma Berenices was known as the "locks of hair" in ancient days.
Eratosthenes called these stars "Ariadne's Hair". Although mainstream
historians of astronomy cluelessly scratch their heads about the
importance assigned to Coma Berenices in ancient days, Coma Berenices
is in fact important because its stars mark the North Galactic Pole -
which the ancients clearly recognized.

Legend states that the Loreley is found below "the seven maidens" and
indeed, Coma Berenices is composed of seven main stars (see Richard
Hinckley Allen, Star Names, p. 1 70, quoting Thompson, who quotes
Hygin), although the seven stars could also be those of Ursa Major.

I was able to decipher the Loreley Cliff because of an excellent
Associated Press (AP) photo of the Loreley found this weekend in the
local newspaper, Trierischer Volksfreund (Nr. 213, September 11/12,
2004), reporting in two articles by Wolfgang Kroener and Rüdiger
Polster on two Loreley exhibitions now being held in Koblenz and
Bingen, Germany.

The sculpted heads of the Loreley Cliff are clearly seen upon that AP
photo.

This identification of the Loreley as Coma Berenices fits in
perfectly with the other megalithic German sites identified in my
book, Stars, Stones and Scholars. See

http://www.starsstonesscholars.com

Enjoy,

Andis

57 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Vottovaara Serpent Dolmen Karelia

Dear LexiLiners,

Vyacheslav Mizin has drawn my attention to the following page at his
website
http://perpettum.narod.ru/arcticmegalith.htm

where he has a photo of an important dolmen at Vottovaara - a dolmen
I have labelled "the Vottovaara Serpent Dolmen".

VOTTOVARRA SERPENT DOLMEN - DECIPHERMENT

See my drawing of this stone, together with explanation at
vottovaara.gif
which I have added to our LexiLine files online under Russia, Karelia
at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files

The dolmen - for a certainty - has the relief of a serpent on it (in
the middle, do you see it at the above site?).

The stone was without question carved by human hand.

The dolmen in my opinion represents the stars of the heavens.

The serpent represents the stars of Hydra in my current
interpretation of this megalith and marks the Summer Solstice. This
identification is clear.

I interpret the rest of the dolmen for now - but speculatively - as
showing a man's (or monkey's) head at Gemini and Orion (with the
stars of Canis Major below them) - marking the Vernal Equinox to the
right. In Vedic literature, the monkey Hanuman has this position.

At the left, I see Libra as a bull (the bull is later assigned to the
stars of Lupus) - marking the Autumn Equinox. I imagine the horns
were seen as Libra and the body was seen as Lupus.

This interpretation puts the age of these megaliths at about 3117 BC
or earlier.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
on the Karelian Dolmens at Vottovaara

Dolmens in Karelia are known as "Seidas", a Lapp word for them,
although it is quite clear that the Lapps (or Saami) had nothing to
do with making these seida complexes, their culture indicating no
megalithic roots. Seidas is the same as Latvian Setas (long e)
meaning fences, but also borders, or marked areas. We see a related
term in the megaliths of Ireland at "Ceide" Fields.

Seida complexes are found on
Mount Vottovaara
in the national park of Paanajarvi in the
Kuzova Islands
see http://argonavt.narod.ru/kuzova.html
in the White Sea.

For their exact location see
http://argonavt.narod.ru/kem-sol.jpg
Vottovaara is ca. 20 km east of the city of Kem in Karelia.
see http://www.kareliatour.info/eng/region/division/Kemskiy/

The seidas at Vottovaara are the largest such gathering of dolmens in
the Russian north.

The dolmens have been ascribed to the Lapps, but this of course is
nonsense. The Lapps are herdsmen, whereas the peoples who put up the
megaliths were clearly seafarers.

WHO WERE THE POMORIANS?

The local population of the nearby city Kem consists largely of a
group of people called Pomorians who are thought to have formed their
culture fairly recently on the coast of the White Sea, e.g. in the
ancient villages of Gridino and Kalgalaksha. See
http://www.kareliatour.info/eng/region/division/Kemskiy/
It is of course error to think the Pomorians are of recent origin, as
linguistic analysis shows us a contrary picture.

As written at
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/4280/obrazcy/eng_peredovaja.htm

"The long-standing coexistence of Russian and Balto-Finnic
inhabitants resulted in the formation of the peculiar North Russian
dialect of Zaonezh'e (a peninsula in the north-western part of Lake
Onego), characterized by specific features such as ljapan'e
(systematic shift of the word stress to the first syllable or
preposition)."

But of course, as Latvian shows us, where all words are stressed on
the fist syllable, this indicates that the original language was also
stressed on the first syllable and that loan words from the Russian
have been adapted to this first-syllable stress system.

Thus, as written at that same previous website:

"Even though contemporary villagers in Gridino stress that they
are 'Russian Pomors', many features of the local dialect give
evidence of a Balto-Finnic substratum or, at least, existence of
close ties with the Karelians."

POMORIANS WERE SEAFARERS

It is clear that the Pomorians were seafarers.

There is reference to the "ships of Pomorians" at
http://www.volodia.com/eng_about_act.htm

At http://www.angelfire.com/country/veneti/ToulaevAncestors.html it
is written:
"X - XII c.  The Venetic civilization also developed on the southern
coast of the Baltic inhabited by Pomors (Pomerans) [Pomeranians]
Varii and Rugi.  There appeared large religious centers (Arkona,
Rhetra) and flourishing trade towns such as Volin (Vinetta) Stargrad,
Szczecin.  The whole region became known as Vindland."

And, similarly at
http://www.fact-index.com/p/po/pomeranians.html
we can read:

"Pomeranians are a group of ... tribes living in historical region of
Pomerania. They used to speak dialects belonging to Lekhitic branch
of West Slavic languages. Their direct descendants are Kashubians.

Indeed, the origin of the term Pomeranian or Pomorian
as we can read at
http://www.berlin.de/rbmskzl/gek/kalender/20040708.21357.html
is seen as the combination of the words
Po morje as in German Üb-ers Meer
meaning "on the ocean", i.e. those who travel by boat on the sea.

Indeed, on the Baltic, according to
http://www.fact-index.com/p/po/pomerania.html
we find that:

"Pomerania (Pomeranian/Kashubian: Pòmòrze, Polish: Pomorze,
German:
Pommern, Latin: Pomerania, Pomorania,) is the historical region on
the south coasts of the Baltic Sea centered around the mouth of River
Oder on the present-day border between Poland and Germany, reaching
from River Reknitz in the west to River Vistula in the east."

There is thus is strong evidence here that the megalith builders were
ancient seafarers with an ancient presence both on the White Sea and
Baltic Sea (in Latvian, the latter term "Baltic Sea" means in
fact "White Sea" and Balt means "white").

As for the term Karelia, the Latvian term Karalis (long 2nd "a")
means "king".

Have we found here in Karelia - on the White Sea - the most ancient
origin of the megalith builders and their art, as I have already
suggested in previous decipherments of the rock drawings on the White
Sea?

Enjoy,

Andis

58 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Cuzco Puma Macchu Picchu Lake Titicaca
Tiahuanaco Nazca

THE PUMA CONSTELLATION at CUZCO (also written CUSCO)

In a September 14, 2004 article
see http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/s1198067.htm
by Heather Catchpole of ABC Science Online entitled
"Incan capital looked to heavenly puma
we find the report that the Incan capital of Cuzco (Cusco)
was laid out in the form of a puma,
about which Professor Giulio Magli of Milan states,
- in my view correctly -
in an article at the physics website arXiv of Cornell University at

http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0408037 and
http://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0408/0408037.pdf

that it represented the "puma constellation".

This identification by Magli confirms the basic theories found in
Stars Stones and Scholars see http://www.starsstonesscholars.com
that such shapes on the ground were intentionally formed by the
ancients and represented the stars.

WHICH CONSTELLATION WAS THE PUMA CONSTELLATION

The open and significant question here is "which constellation" was
the puma constellation? This is not clear yet to the mainstream.

Cuzco is coated in Peru SE of Lima and NW of Tiahuanaco and Lake
Titicaca. Machu Picchu is 110 km NW of Cuzco and Pisac is NE of Cuzco.

As noted in The Secret of the Incas by William Sullivan, Three Rivers
Press, N.Y., 1996, it is known that Cuzco was laid out on
astronomical alignments.

As written in the Catchpole article, tradition holds in fact that the
city was conceived as a puma with "a nearby hill as its head and the
main temple of the capital as its genitals." Its tail is at the
joining of the Tullumayo and Huatanay rivers.

Some researchers have suggested that the Incas had a puma
constellation in the tail of Scorpio.  Magli on the other hand
suggests that the constellation was in the constellations of Cygnus
and Vulpecula. Both of these views are not correct.

Magli is right in his instincts but slightly wrong in his location,
and we reveal the correct location here  for the first time in
literature.

To find the correct stellar region we must read a bit in Walter
Sullivan's The Secret of the Incas, as previously cited.

As Sullivan writes cuzco means "navel" and Inca myth tells that the
city of Cuzco was found at the location of "an uncovered navel stone"
(cuzco cara urumi), distinguishable as such because it emerged from a
(sweet-water) marsh." (Sullivan, pp. 118-119)

Sullivan cites to Hamlet's Mill, by Giorgio de Santillana and Hertha
von Dechend, who quote a similar Jewish legend (p. 219 of Hamlet's
Mill) - in the NORTHERN hemisphere - that " 'since the ark
disappeared there was a stone in its place . . . which was called
foundation stone [of the Temple].' It was called foundation
stone "because from it the world was founded [or started]."
And it is said to lie above the Waters that are below the Holy of
Holies."

To this information we can add the fact that the ancient Aymara name
for the Holy of Holies - in the SOUTHERN hemisphere - was taypicala
("rock in the center"), located at Tiahuanaco at the fable Lake
Titicaca. In Andean legend, this was the location of the birth of the
Sun, Moon and Stars - it was also the central "plumb" for astronomy,
the "rock of lead".

In this context, for the land of the Incas and their predecessors -
who surely designed this system back in Neolithic days - Tiahuanaco
can only be a "center" of heaven as the "central rock". Since Cuzco
and Tiahuanaco are south of the equator, this center of the heaven
will not be in the stars of the Northern hemisphere will be found in
either the celestial or ecliptic SOUTH Pole.

We are in fact now certain that Tiahuanaco represented the South
Ecliptic Pole with Lake Titicaca representing the Large Magellanic
Cloud.

As already previously deciphered, we are certain that Nazca (see
nazca.gif at http://snipurl.com/9d2r) represented the South Celestial
Pole at alpha-Hydri (Hydrus).

In this ancient system, which the Inca clearly inherited from their
ancient predecessors, Cuzco viz. the more ancient Pisac thus
represents a region of the sky near Centaurus and Lupus viz. the
Milky Way itself at this "puma-like" extension of one separate leg
(or river) of the Milky Way at Crux, the Southern Cross. Indeed, the
Incas stated that the Puma was not exactly made up of the stars but
rather the sky between two bright bands of stars, and this is clearly
the extension of  the Milky Way at Crux, where the extension of the
Milky Way joins the major "river" of the  Milky Way. It is thus the
navel or "umbilical cord" which - as in the comparable northern
hemispheric Jewish legend for the area of Cygnus - extends outside of
the Milky Way, and which in turn is below the Holy of Holies (the
center of heaven).

For the Holy of Holies, see also
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files/Malta/ and
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/message/851

Indeed, as Sullivan writes (p. 297) one of the forty rays or seques
which emanated from the Temple of the Sun in Cuzco "pointed directly
to the azimuth of rise of the Southern Cross", known as lluthu cruz
or mama mircuc.

Magli was thus correct in sensing that two strands of legs in the
Milky were intended, but he just selected the Northern hemisphere
rather than the Southern hemisphere solution.

In this system, the intihuatana at Machupicchu (also written Machu
Picchu, Macchu Picchu, Machupichu, Macchupicchu) - as correctly
discussed by Holguin and Ed Krupp - was the place used astronomically
for "tying the sun". It was "the hitching post of the sun" or the
place where the sun was "tethered to the gnomon". Accordingly, based
on the previous identifications, we can now say with some certainty
for the first time that Machu Pichu initially marked the Autumn
Equinox (due to precession, this would initially have been ca. 3117
BC) and that this was the "tie of the sun", i.e. the equinox point,
where days and nights were equally long.

(in this regard see Diego Gonzalez Holguín, Vocabulario de la lengua
general de todo el Perú llamada lengua Quichua o del Inca [1608],
Lima, Instituto de Historia, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San
Marcos, 1952, and E.C. Krupp, Echoes of the Ancient Skies, Harper &
Row, N.Y., 1983, and In Search of Ancient Astronomies, McGraw-Hill,
N.Y., 1979)

The puma-like form of Cuzco and my decipherment drawing of this part
of the Milky Way based on the astronomy software program Starry Night
Pro show the puma as nearly identical to the extension of this part
of the sky.

See my drawing

inca.png

at our LexiLine files at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files

and compare this drawing to the

city drawing of the puma at Cusco, the Puma City at

http://www.cusco.net/articulos/cuscoinca.htm

In other words, the geodetic astronomy which I have already
deciphered for many countries around the world in my book Stars
Stones and Scholars, is continued in the same form in ancient Peru.

Enjoy,

Andis

59 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Abakan Khakassia Russia Megaliths

Dear LexiLiners,

To our LexiLine files under Russia at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files
I have added the file
abakan.png
which contains my decipherment of two megaliths near Abakan, Russia.

As anyone can see at
http://www.kiravan.com
the area of Abakan in Russia has some tremendous megaliths.

The megaliths of Abakan, Khakassia, Russia are located
outside of Abakan
in southern Siberia
above western Mongolia,
halfway between Moscow and Vladivostok.

Specifically, the so-called "Valley of Kurgans" or "Valley of Kings"
is located 60 km west of Abakan.

As we can read at
http://www.fact-index.com/a/ab/abakan.html

"Abakan (formerly Abakansk) is the capital of Khakassia in Siberia,
Russia. It is located on the river Yenisei, 144 m. SSW of
Krasnoyarsk, in lat. 54 deg. 20' N., long. 91 deg. 40' E....
Abakansk was a fortified town of Siberia, in the Russian government
of Yeniseisk. It was considered the mildest and most salubrious place
in Siberia.

The place is remarkable for certain tumuli (of the Li Kitai) and
statues of men from seven to nine feet high, covered with
hieroglyphics."

Who were the Li Kitai?

Kit or Kitai is a Russian word meaning a group of
stakes or stones.

As noted at
http://www.bartleby.com/65/qi/Qitai.html
there is also a town and oasis Qitai (Kitai) in China
in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, in the Dzungarian basin.

We are reminded here of the similarly named city Quito in Ecuador:
"the present-day site of Quito was inhabited by the Quitus, a tribe
from the Quechua civilization.... called the Kingdom of Quito in the
Pre-Hispanic period, buildings in this ancient city were made of
carved stone and sun-dried brick. Later, Spanish architects
incorporated the same materials into their grandiose constructions."

The Quechua were of course the megalith builders of the Americas and
we are certain that the Quitus and the Li Kitai were related peoples.

The decipherment that I have uploaded to our files is still
provisional, however,  since I do not have enough corroborating
material from the Abakan site.

I have examined the photo of the megaliths at http://www.kiravan.com
depicting the gate to the Valley of the Kurgans and find that there
are figures carved on the megaliths together with cupmarks.

The cupmarks on the left smaller megalith would appear to mark Ursa
Major. That same megalith has other figures carved on to, including a
human face at Ursa Major and an animal face to the right of Ursa
Major. To the left of the human face at Ursa Major there seems to be
a large round area marking the North Celestial Pole.

The right larger megalith would seem to mark Camelopardalis viz.
Perseus on the other side of the heavenly gate, a gate known as the
duat to the ancient Pharaonic Egyptians.

Again, these identifications are provisional and need corroboration
down the road.

We wonder whether the name of Abakan or earlier Abakansk derives from
the nearby Abakan River and whether that name relates to the
Akkadian  term Akann or Chinese termn Kwan, names applied to Ursa
Major in ancient days.

Enjoy,

Andis

Administrative - LexiLine Moderator Photo

Dear LexiLiners,

At our LexiLine "Photos" online
I have created the folder "Moderator"
at the page
http://photos.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/lst
and have added
a recent photo of the LexiLine Moderator and Owner
at the Stromberg Golf Club in Germany
where I defended my title this year as Senior Golf Club Champion.

(I am on the far right in that photo - click the thumbnail to enlarge)

I call your attention to this photo because I think that in our
discussion about stones and rocks that we forget that our main
discussion is about human beings and their activities on this planet,
past and present.

This photo may give you a more human perspective to our newsletter
list. I do not spend all of my time ranting and raving at the
incompetent archaeologists, historians of astronomy, Egyptologists,
Orientalists and Biblical Scholars in this world, but also engage in
some quite normal activities, at which I am also very successful.

I am quite famed for the length of my drives on the golf course -
even though I am now 57 years old - and, to add to the many other
unanswered challenges issued to the academic community concerning my
work, I can add the challenge that anyone in the above fields who
thinks he can hit a golf ball further than I can, can contact me any
time to arrange a driving contest. The odds that you can hit a golf
ball further are VERY unlikely.

Does this have any relevance to the academic side of things? Yes.

Andis

Megalithic Music - A Bit Off Topic

Dear LexiLiners,

Music is of course also a part of the history of civilization.

I was just thinking that the song "Cosmic Queen" from Ivan Hajek's
Blue Haze CD would make a great megalithic archaeoastronomic theme
song for a movie - and that accounts for this posting. It is of
course a bit off topic, but I thought I would pass this on to you.

Take a look at Ivan Hajek at http://www.ivan-hajek.com/

If you think the accordion player is old-fashioned then that is just
a bit of misinformation about what is possible with this instrument.

Want to hear the man whom I regard to be the world's greatest
accordion player? You have never heard an accordion played like this -
  and I am a fan of rave and modern music. Turn it up LOUD. This man
has the gift of God in him.

This is fabulous stuff - sort of like a one-man orchestra.
It will lift you out of your seat and you will feel the magic of
music.

Ivan plays on TV and in concert, but he loves the contact to his
audience. I met him on the main square in Munich, where he was
playing for onlookers for free, who gathered around in great numbers,
even though they did not know who he was.

Hajek's site
http://www.ivan-hajek.com/
is available in English, German, Italian, Czech, French, Spanish,
Portuguese, Polish, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

Make sure you try the samples - his music is out of this world.
Unfortunately, he only delivers his CD's in Germany, so you can see
that this is a sincere plug for him and not an ad, since almost all
LexiLine members are in English-speaking countries.

See http://www.ivan-hajek.com/formular.html
But if you like his music, WRITE to him. Maybe that will change.

(cross-posted to
Law Pundit
http://www.lawpundit.com/blog/lawpundit.htm
Arts Pundit
http://artspundit.blogspot.com/
and to
the LexiLine Group
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/)

Dear LexiLiners,

My LawPundit blog has a posting on Ancient Mapping at
http://snipurl.com/9us6
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1568361440/
which I reproduce below without the links - which you can view at the
blog if need be.

__________ the LawPundit posting begins here __________

The Sharia - Ancient Mapping - The Territorial Imperative

Sometimes the book reviews are better than the books. The referenced
book reviews may be examples of this phenomenon.

BookBlog is

"Adina Levin's weblog. For conversation about books I've been
reading, social software, and other stuff too."

Adina has some excellently written book reviews on the BookBlog:

What Went Wrong: Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response
a book by Bernard Lewis

Adina writes e.g.:

"Contemporary Sharia systems in places like Iran and Afghanistan are
often mocked for being medieval and backward, legislating repression
of
women and brutal corporal punishment (no, I'm not in favor of the
Texas
death penalty, either). But there is no empirical reason that a system
of Muslim jurisprudence needs to be backward. After all, European laws
once featured trial by ordeal, and prevented women from owning
property.
A living tradition of Muslim law might be able to adapt to current
economic and social conditions. How did the Sharia change from a
system
that had once reflected the standards of justice of its time to one
that
insisted on avoiding change?"

Those are essentially interesting and modern jurisprudential issues.

The Mapmakers
a book by John Noble Wilford

This book and review are of particular interest to the Law Pundit
because of his own book
Stars Stones and Scholars
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1412013445/
which claims that the megaliths are remnants of ancient surveys, i.e.
that they are Stone Age geodetic mapping systems triangulated by
means of the astronomy, using stars much as in ocean navigation.

Adina writes, inter alia:

"The Mapmakers purports to be world history, but it has a strong
European focus. Wilford does include few pages about sophisticated
early mapmaking practices in China. But he almost completely ignores
Muslim and Indian geography. The book contains just one brief
reference to ibn Khaldun, the medieval Muslim traveler and
geographer, and nothing on Al Idrisi, who was commissioned by Roger
II, the Christian king of Sicily, to update navigational records, and
created the famous early atlas called "The Book of Roger." The
Mapmakers briefly mentions that one Francis Wilford, a member of
India Survey, was a student of ancient Hindu geography. Given early
Indian sophistication in astronomy, math, and government
administration, one wonders what earlier sources of geographic
knowledge he drew on. According to an Indian friend of mine, many
early maps were destroyed to keep them out of the hands of British
colonial rulers.

Wilford writes about the dire level of geographic ignorance of
Medieval Europeans, whose maps routinely placed Paradise at the
Eastern border of China, without noting that during the same period,
there was a longstanding, ongoing system of travel and trade from
Arabia through India and Southeast Asia to China (see books by Abu
Lughod and KN Chaudhuri, among others), conducted by Arabs, Jews,
Indians, and sometimes Chinese. I don't know what sorts of maps were
used by these travelling merchants, but they must have used
something, because they got from place to place regularly and
routinely."

Law and Territory

What is the connection between law and mapping? Of course, it is a
significant one. All knowledge of ancient cultures indicates that the
old civilizations had "territories" and "lands" and that these were
marked - and thus obviously, mapped - in some manner, giving rise
to "territorial" consequences involving retribution - i.e. sanctions
for violating territory - which is a "legal" connection.

Without the mapping of land, law would be impossible. The Territorial
Imperative (a book by Robert Ardrey) is at the foundation of
jurisprudence. This indeed is the main dispute in the current war in
Iraq - does America have a "right" to be there or not? The underlying
answer - on both sides - is based, essentially, on territorial
claims - defending "land" and "national security".

Territorial claims have a long history. Let us take the case of
Ancient Babylon, here described in a site on the History of Iraq:

"Babylonian town life had revived on the basis of commerce and
handicrafts. The Kassitic nobility, however, maintained the upper
hand in the rural areas, their wealthiest representatives holding
very large landed estates. Many of these holdings came from donations
of the king to deserving officers and civil servants, considerable
privileges being connected with such grants. From the time of
Kurigalzu II these were registered on stone tablets or, more
frequently, on boundary stones called kudurrus. After 1200 the number
of these increased substantially, because the kings needed a steadily
growing retinue of loyal followers. The boundary stones had pictures
in bas-relief, very often a multitude of religious symbols, and
frequently contained detailed inscriptions giving the borders of the
particular estate; sometimes the deserts of the recipient were listed
and his privileges recorded; finally, trespassers were threatened
with the most terrifying curses. Agriculture and cattle husbandry
were the main pursuits on these estates, and horses were raised for
the light war chariots of the cavalry. There was an export trade in
horses and vehicles in exchange for raw material. As for the king,
the idea of the social-minded ruler continued to be valid."

The New York Review of Books has an inane review of Ardrey's book as
compared to the more benevolent and naive theories of Konrad Lorenz,
and, in view of recent world developments, there is little doubt that
Ardrey is more right than Lorenz.

Indeed, keywords such as intellectual property, copyrights,
trademarks, P2P and file-sharing involve modern outgrowths of the
territorial imperative.

Our ancient forbears understood the territorial imperative only too
well - since their survival depended upon it - and thus staked out
their territories long before the advent of reading and writing. To
stake out territories, you had to have some way of mapping them and
some way of protecting those territories - by legal and military
systems. About this there is little doubt.

And as the modern wars show us, little has changed in the interim.
The battle for territory on this planet is still a bloody business.

61 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Megaliths.co.uk tops Yahoo and
Alltheweb.com in results for the search word "megaliths"

Dear LexiLiners,

It is a long hard battle but we are winning.

Although the rankings can change from day to day, I checked the
search engines for the keyword "megaliths" today and found that
megaliths.co.uk (http://www.megaliths.co.uk)
- a sister site to LexiLine.com (http://www.lexiline.com) -
now is FIRST at the top of the search engine list results at

Alltheweb at http://www.alltheweb.com/
(http://www.alltheweb.com/search?
cat=web&cs=utf8&q=megaliths&rys=0&_sb_lang=pref)
(out of ca. 85,000 urls)

and also at Yahoo at http://www.yahoo.com
(http://search.yahoo.com/search?p=megaliths&csz=&ei=UTF-8&fr=FP-tab-
web-t&cop=mss&tab=&toggle=1)
(out of circa 90,000 urls).

At Google
http://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&q=megaliths
megaliths.co.uk is ranked 4th out of 94,000 sources.
(Google has a flaw in its search algorithm since it ranks the page on
Yemen megaliths above us because this page is part of
archaeology.org, the site of Archaeology Magazine, a publication of
the Archaeological Institute of America - so that they get the
benefit of that Institute's ranking, rather than on their own merits).

At Amazon's search engine A9
http://a9.com/megaliths
we are also ranked 4th and two of our graphics top the graphics list
on their graphics column (why it is those two I have no idea).

At Lycos (lycos.com) we are ranked 2nd.

At Altavista (altavista.com) we are 5th with my book on the megaliths.

At Excite.com we are 3rd.

At Metacrawler we are 3rd.

At Mammasearch (http://www.mamma.com/) we are 5th.

At Netscape Search we are 4th.

At Search.com we are 3rd.

Nevertheless, there is still much to do. These good placements in the
search engines are merely one small prerequisite to moving forward
and to making new ideas about the megaliths better known, so that
others can investigate and continue our work, as we discuss this
LexiLine list.

Enjoy,

Andis

62 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 A Reader Brightens Our Day

Dear LexiLiners,

Posting pages of ideas to the internet has its good and bad sides. I
get a lot of crank mail, often anonymous and some of it from cowardly
mainstreamers too afraid to discuss controversial issues openly and
objectively.

Here is a wonderful example of the good side of people which surfaces
in emails such as this which I received today:

>Hello!
>I want to say 'Wow!" and thank you, for the Lexiline site. I was up
>far too early this morning, discovered your site & have read avidly
>for 3 hours! It certainly put some sunshine in this grey, cold
>British morning!
>All the best

Here is a person who has taken my postings as they should be taken.
As interesting ideas worth reading and thinking about.

Enjoy,

Andis

63 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Galaxy - Music of the Stars
(3rd time is the charm - reposted due to two linking errors)

Dear Lexiliners,

At the risk of losing half our membership...

Over the years - in the course of my research on the history of
civilization and archaeoastronomy - I have composed a number of songs
about astronomy which I have now put to the keyboards and have also
made a CD-ROM of it - the individual songs are available at
http://www.isandis.com for free for private use. I get motivation
from music and not having found what I required for my astronomy
work, I wrote my own.

Opinions among people I know are divided on this music - how could it
be otherwise. Tell me if you like any of the songs - write to
akaulins@... if it interests you. If this subject does not
interest you, which will surely be the case for many of you, you can
ignore what follows, which is just a summary of the CD.

Galaxy : Music of the Stars - Synthesizer Music of the Earth and the
Sky
From http://www.isandis.com, Let the music begin...
Galaxy : Music of the Stars is Synthesizer Music of the Earth and the
Sky
The CD-ROM is 56.29 minutes. The Composer is Andis Kaulins who also
does the Keyboards.
The Genre is Indy (Independent) Music.
The Copyright is @2004 by Andis Kaulins with all rights reserved
but play and copy these songs for free for your own private use only.
For commercial use, please contact the copyright holder.

Classical Piano Music Lovers try Track 10.
Our own favorites are Tracks 4, 8 and 21.
Click on the link to hear the song on your media player. I have found
no way to snip these URLs as some are too long and will not wrap in
Yahoo, so they either have to be given in by hand or go to
http://www.isandis.com/ which is prettier anyway.

Track 1 - Galactic Milk 2:33 01-Galactic Milk-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/01-Galactic%20Milk-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 2 - Black Space 2:27 02-Black Space-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/02-Black%20Space-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 3 - Off to the Stars - 1:52 03-Off to the Stars-Andis
Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/03-Off%20to%20the%20Stars-Andis%
20Kaulins.mp3
Track 4 - On the Edge of Light - 2:19 04-On the Edge of Light-Andis
Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/04-On%20the%20Edge%20of%20Light-Andis%
20Kaulins.mp3
Track 5 - The First Planet - 1:52 05-The First Planet-Andis
Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/05-The%20First%20Planet-Andis%
20Kaulins.mp3
Track 6 - 1st Planet More Cleary - 1:59 06-The First Planet More
Clearly-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/06-The%20First%20Planet%20More%
20Clearly-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 7 - Off to the Stars - 1:52 03-Off to the Stars-Andis
Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/07-Earth-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Earth - 2:23 07-Earth-Andis Kaulins.mp3
Track 8 - The Earth Song - 2:25 08-The Earth Song-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/08-The%20Earth%20Song-Andis%
20Kaulins.mp3
Track 9 - Jubilation & Ebulation - 3:36 09-Jubilation & Ebulation-
Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/09-Jubilation%20and%20Ebulation-Andis%
20Kaulins.mp3
Track 10 - Mercury - 1:15 10-Mercury-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/10-Mercury-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 11 - The Asteroids - 2:28 11-The Asteroids-Andis Kaulins.mp3.
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/11-The%20Asteroids-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 12 - Jupiter - 3:38 12-Jupiter-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/12-Jupiter-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 13 - Jupiter 2 (faster) - 2:31 13-Jupiter 2-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/13-Jupiter%202-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 14 - Saturn - 2:23 14-Saturn-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/14-Saturn-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 15 - Uranus - 2:14 15-Uranus-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/15-Uranus-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 16 - Pluto - 2:47 16-Pluto-Andis Kaulins.mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/16-Pluto-Andis%20Kaulins.mp3
Track 17 - Solar Symphony - 7:04 17-Solar Symphony-Andis Kaulins. mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/17-Solar%20Symphony-Andis%20Kaulins%
20.mp3
Track 18 - Mars - 2:42 18-Mars-Andis Kaulins .mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/18-Mars-Andis%20Kaulins%20.mp3
Track 19 - Moody Moon - 2:13 19-Moody Moon-Andis Kaulins .mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/19-Moody%20Moon-Andis%20Kaulins%20.mp3
Track 20 - Venus - 5:20 20-Venus-Andis Kaulins .mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/20-Venus-Andis%20Kaulins%20.mp3
Track 21 - Ode to the Stars 4:28 21-Ode to the Stars-Andis
Kaulins .mp3
http://www.isandis.com/galaxy/21-Ode%20to%20the%
20Stars-Andis%20Kaulins%20.mp3

Enjoy,

Andis

64 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Megaliths in Latvia

Dear LexiLiners,

Vilnis Grauds sent me the following link about megaliths in Latvia
where the stones are known as "foot stones" or "border stones". The
site is in Latvian but the photographs do not require much language.
See

http://tradition.lf.lv/Allazhu_akmenji.htm

Grauds was interested as to whether I had done any work on the
Latvian megaliths and I have, but I had not posted it up to now since
it is all provisional - I simply do not have enough photographs or
locational material.

Nevetheless, I am uploading a general - provisional - decipherment as

latvianmegaliths.png

to our Lexiline files for the "Baltic - Latvia Lithuania Estonia" at

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/files/

in which we already have the file

davinuupurakmens.gif

Enjoy,

Andis

65 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Latvian Megalithic Sites

Dear LexiLiners,

Here is a letter from Vilnis Grauds on Latvian Megalithic Sites:
__________

Megalithic Sites in Latvia - by Vilnis Grauds

In Latvia churches were often built on old holy sites, for example,
Rauna, Aizkraukle, Aglona, etc. Ancient megalithic stones may have
been used to build church buildings and castles. Since the Latvians
tried to maintain their old traditions after the advent of
Christianity, the Christian clergy tried to stop this process by
destroying cult places if they could not be used for the building of
churches.

Some sites were destroyed in the Soviet period, even though there was
a formal pretense of saving ancient sites for purposes of political
propaganda. A case in point is a 20 meter high cairn (shaped like a
boat) on the Baltic Sea shore in Courland which was destroyed by
taking the stones for building construction. Also damaged was the
site of Milzkalne ("Giant Hill") in Courland.

The result is that today we can find mostly only separate megaliths
in Latvia - as landmark stones and as so-called "offering stones".
Although the majority of megalithic sites have been destroyed or
damaged, we can still find remnants of stone systems in some places
in Latvia. These megalithic sites are not always registered  as
historical or archaeological sites even today.

For example, of the Allazhi stones
http://tradition.lf.lv/Allazhu_akmenji.htm
only one of these stones is officially recorded as an archaeological
site - the  "Chernausku akmens" ("Chernauskas Stone"), an offering
stone. Nothing has been examined or investigated from the scientific
side, even though an initial on-site examination or a review of maps
shows that there is a geodetic structure to the ancient holy sites.

We might refer here to Zilaiskalns ("Blue Hill") or to many pre-
Christian sites where rock drawings and paintings are found relating
to the ancient religion of the Latvians. The naturalist Guntis Enins
was the first to pay serious attention to these megalithic sites.
See his website at

http://snipurl.com/a1iz (or copy and paste the FULL URL below)
http://www.acadlib.lv/arc/dabas_pieminekli_un_burtnieku_zimes/burtniek
zimes.htm

- Vilnis Grauds

66 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 More on Latvian Megalithic Sites

Dear LexiLiners,

Vilnis Grauds has a follow-up e-mail providing some more detail on
Latvian megalithic sites. Here is what he writes:
_____________

So-called "velnu laivas"* are large stone cairns found on the sea
coast of Courland, Latvia's most westerly State.

[*LexiLine adds: the root veln- in Latvian means "devil" and so this
could be translated as "devil's boats", but the correct root could
surely be Latvian velena "turf, mound grave", so that the original
term was in our opinion velena laivas i.e. "turf boats, mound grave
boats".]

The largest of these stone edifices, a 20 meter high cairn (shaped
like a boat), as already reported in the previous e-mail, was for the
most part torn down in the Soviet period in Latvia by fragmenting the
stones. Of this cairn, the foundation - measuring about two meters in
height - has remained. Several smaller cairns still exist untouched.

The Latvian Encyclopedic Dictionary**

[**Enciklopediska vardnica, 2 volumes, chief editor A. Vilks, see
also online http://www.letonika.lv/ - a free registration can be
obtained for 7 days, thereafter it costs to subscribe - in its
section on History -> Archaeology (Vesture->Arheologija)]

under the entry

velna laivas

writes***
"–– senkapi Talsu rajona Lubes pag. un Valdemarpils lauku terit. (950–
750 g. pr. Kr.). Nos. pec laivas forma izveidota akmenu kravuma (gar.
7 –24 m), kura ieraktas mala urnas ar sadedzinatu mirušo pišliem.
Akmens laivveida kapi izplatiti Skandinavija, ipaši Gotlande." ©
Nacionalais Apgads

[***Translation by LexiLine - [mound boats are] ancient tombs in the
district of Talsi, parish (rural municipality or county) of Lube and
the rural area of Valdemarpils (ca. 950-750 B.C.) They take their
name from the boat-shaped form of the stone cairns (measuring
anywhere from 7 to 24 meters in length), in which earthenware urns
containing cremated ashes of the deceased were found. Such boat-
shaped stone formations are found in Scandinavian burials, especially
in Gotland.]"

If we now talk specifically about the mound boats - then these have
been generally investigated by Latvian archaeology - at least to the
degree that it is known that they contain cremation urns - often more
than one - and that these burials date to the Bronze Age.

[LexiLine: but do the stone cairns date to that age? or have the
cairns been used for urn burials later in time?].

The breadth and height of the stone cairns differs greatly.
Archaeological digs have also been made in part with respect to the
so-called "offering stones", but the cult hills in Latvia have not
been studied separately from those found in neighboring Russia and
Belarus [Byelorussia, White Russia], where many archaeological digs
have been made, and where many of these sites have been fairly well
investigated both archaeologically as well as morphologically, also
with respect to geodetic measurement.

If we talk precisely about what has not been investigated in Latvia -
at least, if we ignore a few general discussions in the Soviet period
in the amateur astronomy journal "Zvaigznota debess" [(The Starry
Sky), http://www.astr.lu.lv/zvd/stsky.html] - then these are directly
the questions of structure and archaeoastronomy, which have become
serious topics worldwide in their own right only in the last few
decades.

The late Ivars Viiks (who passed away a few years ago) wrote two
books in the post-Soviet period, but his work leans more in the
direction of the occult or even beyond that, finding a few
confluences of geometric rules, while the greater part of his work
consists of the presentation of several occult sources (e.g. ideas
about an ancient Nordic global civilization), together with his own
ideas about these matters. Looking at Viiks' geometric ideas, there
is considerable manipulation by him in order to achieve the desired
result, although at the same time, some of his factual  materials in
these books are useful.

For his part, Enins is an enthusiast, who suddenly became involved
with other disciplines through his search for and fixation on cliff
rock drawings. The "Dabas retumu kraatuve"
[(Collection of the Rarities of Nature),
http://www.gramata21.lv/users/enins_guntis/index.html]
is his creation.

Not all of Milzkalne ["Giant Hill"] has been destroyed, but one whole
side was removed in the course of taking gravel from this location in
the Soviet period.

Wishing all the best,

Vilnis Grauds

67 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Fourknocks is Cassiopeia in Ireland

Dear LexiLiners,

One of the reasons that I am convinced that my decipherment of the
megaliths is correct derives out of the fact that corroborating
subesequent discoveries - or previous discoveries of which I was not
aware at the time that I wrote my book, Stars Stones and Scholars
http://www.starsstonesscholars.com/
substantiate my conclusions.

We have one such example presented now at Knowth.com
http://www.knowth.com/fourknocks-mdier.htm

which reproduces an interpretation by Martin Dier of the megalithic
site of Fourknocks - a site not included in my book.

Fourknocks is a site of four mounds - only one excavated - located
southeast of NewGrange, the latter site which I have equated with the
North Ecliptic Pole in the ancient geodetic survey of Ireland, with
Knowth as the North Celestial Pole.

To the southeast of Fourknocks, I identified the sites of Glencullen
and Ballyedmonduff in County Dublin with Andromeda, with Glencullen
having Cassiopeia marked at its top, i.e. pointing to Cassiopeia.

Any site between NewGrange and Knowt and Glencullen and
Ballyedmonduff could then only represent Cassiopeia -
and so it is.

Martin Dier writes
http://www.knowth.com/fourknocks-mdier.htm
(see also http://www.mythicalireland.com/ancientsites/fourknocks/
and http://www.irishmegaliths.org.uk/meath.htm and
http://www.countymeath.com/Meath_Towns4.htm)

"According to Brennan [The Stones of Time: Calendars, Sundials and
Stone Chambers of Ancient Ireland (1994)], Fourknocks I is aligned
17° east of North, which just eliminates any of the direct lunar or
solar alignments with the passage (but not the chamber). However,
during the stone age the passage was aligned with the helical rising
of the "W" shaped constellation of Cassiopeia.

This constellation is curious in that during the stone age it would
rise above the horizon after sunset, but now because of the
procession of the equinoxes the star no longer rises and is observed
in the sky all year. Perhaps their science allowed them to single out
this constellation during the only time in its 26 thousand year cycle
it rises and sets. It is interesting that most of the art in the
Fourknocks is dominated by the W shaped zig zag.

However, this alignment may largely have been symbolical rather than
practical as the passage was filled by burials during the stone age
hence closing off the chamber."

Of course, if Dier were familiar with the contents of my book, he
would not write as above that this is some isolated symbolic item and
that Cassiopeia was somehow "singled out" by the ancients. In fact,
Fourknocks is an integral part of a large system of geodetic
astronomical measure covering all of Ireland and including the stars
of the many constellations as they were seen 5000 years ago.

There is no doubt about this whatsover.

Enjoy,

Andis

68 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Asian Games: The Art of Contest

Dear LexiLiners,

The Asia Society and Museum at 725 Park Avenue at 70th Street in New
York City (these are my old haunts - as I used to live at 61st and
Park Avenue) has an outstanding exhibition of "art and the legacy of
games in Asia" with major funding being provided by the National
Endowment for the Humanities and the National Endowment for the Arts.

FABULOUS is the liubo set which one really should see:
"Perhaps the most remarkable exhibition loan is the only complete set
of the ancient Chinese game of liubo, on loan from China and never
before exhibited in the United States. A "craze" for over 500
years, liubo was intimately connected with divination and its board
is thought to have represented a schematic diagram of the cosmos."

see about liubo
http://history.chess.free.fr/liubo.htm
http://senseis.xmp.net/?Liubo
http://www.ejfrankel.com/exhibition.asp?exhibID=91

Here is the full e-mail of the announcement of the exhibition.
(see also http://www.amnnews.com/press.jsp?id=2327)

From :  Intern PR <InternPR@...>
Sent :  Friday, October 29, 2004 7:25 PM
Subject :  News: Legacy of Games in Asia Examined in Major Museum
Exhibition

Contact: Elaine Merguerian or Jennifer Suh, (212) 327-9271

MAJOR ASIA SOCIETY EXHIBITION

EXAMINES THE ART AND LEGACY OF GAMES IN ASIA

ASIAN GAMES: THE ART OF CONTEST

October 14, 2004 - January 16, 2005

         Presenting stunning works spanning 2,000 years, a major
exhibition at Asia Society examines the art and legacy of games in
Asia. Using paintings, prints, and decorative arts that depict people
playing games as well as the paraphernalia of games, Asian Games: The
Art of Contest is the first major exhibition to explore Asia as a
source of chess, Parcheesi, Ludo, Snakes and Ladders, playing cards,
polo and other games. Featuring key loans from China, Japan, the
United Kingdom and Germany, the exhibition examines the role of games
as social activity and as indices of cultural values in the diverse
societies of Asia. The exhibition will be on view to the public at
Asia Society and Museum from October 14, 2004 through January 16,
2005.

           "Many of the games that we take for granted today have
their origins in ancient Asian societies," notes Asia Society
Museum Director Melissa Chiu. "What we see in this exhibition is that
games have been as significant as trade and religion in transmitting
cultural forms and ideas. In tracing their spread across different
societies, we also see how certain games retained unique qualities
that reflect the cultural aspirations and values of their
players."

         "Without games, people would be unendurably bored,"
notes exhibition curator Colin Mackenzie, Middlebury College Museum
of Art. "Yet the role of games in society has been largely neglected
by cultural historians. By exploring the evolution and social
functions of games in Asia and their transfer to other regions, Asian
Games illuminates important yet unfamiliar aspects of Asian culture
and their ongoing legacy."

The Exhibition
         In traditional societies, games were enjoyed by kings and
commoners, men and women, young and old. Game sets and paraphernalia
were treasured possessions and status symbols, finely crafted and
elaborately decorated. Images of games and game-playing pervade
literature and the visual arts throughout the ages. Artists have been
fascinated by the drama and excitement of games and the range of
emotions that are revealed by the players of games.

         Asian Games: The Art of Contest has a broad chronological and
geographical reach and is comprised of approximately 200 works of art
of the highest quality. Included in the exhibition are spectacular
examples of game sets dating from the 12th to early 20th century,
Persian and Indian court paintings and illuminated manuscripts of the
14th to 18th century and Chinese and Japanese scroll paintings,
screens and ceramics that depict game-playing. Select earlier
examples of games dating back as early as 200 B.C.E. are included.

Perhaps the most remarkable exhibition loan is the only complete set
of the ancient Chinese game of liubo, on loan from China and never
before exhibited in the United States. A "craze" for over 500
years, liubo was intimately connected with divination and its board
is thought to have represented a schematic diagram of the cosmos.
This set, finely crafted in lacquered work, complete with pieces,
tallies and an eighteen-sided dice, was found in the tomb of a Han
dynasty aristocrat who died around 168 B.C.E. Attempts are currently
being made to work out the rules of this game and a prototype
playable reconstruction will be included in a special interactive
area.

         Asian Games is organized so as to suggest the impact of
particular games as well as the cultural values of their players.
Emphasis is given to games that have cross-cultural relevance and
have inspired significant artworks. The exhibition is organized into
four broad categories or types of games-chance, strategy, memory and
matching, and physical skill. In addition, there will be an area
where visitors have the opportunity to play the kinds of games
featured in the exhibition. Specially designed tables with changeable
tops will enable visitors to play chess, liubo, go/weiqi, shogi,
xiangqi, Parcheesi, backgammon, and Snakes and Ladders. On afternoons
and weekends, New York City students will engage visitors in game-
playing.

The Artworks
         The exhibition opens with games of chance, which include
dice, pachisi (Parcheesi) and the Indian game that inspired Snakes
and Ladders. Many early games of chance were not strictly about a
race to the finish but were also about players attaining a spiritual
goal or state. The game of Snakes and Ladders played today by
children in Britain and the United States had its origins in India as
a more complex game in which players attempted to reach a
"place" representing a state of nirvana.

While early Indian sculptures depict the Hindu deities Shiva and
Parvati competing at dice, in miniature paintings they are generally
depicted playing pachisi, as in a beautiful ink and watercolor
painting, Shiva and Parvati Playing Chaupar, from the late 17th
century. This painting, on loan from the Metropolitan Museum, depicts
Shiva and her consort playing what was a sophisticated race game
involving skill, strategy and luck. For centuries it was played with
elaborate and varying rules throughout India by both the poor and the
elite-Emperor Shah Jahan played a life-sized version of the game
using court ladies as his "pieces."

         The exhibition's section on strategy explores games in
which positions, territories and battlegrounds are paramount, and
focuses on chess and weiqi, a game of intellectual skill. Major loans
in this section include a magnificent Rajasthani chess set dating
from 19th century India. The complete set-so delicately crafted it
was likely ornamental-is comprised of ivory figures, including
elephants, camels and horses. Also on loan from the Metropolitan
Museum is a spectacular 18th century Burmese chess set, made of ivory
with details painted in red and green, that depicts decorated figures
astride elephants. In contrast, a 12th century (Seljuk period)
Iranian chess set, another loan from the Metropolitan Museum,
includes elegantly abstracted figures once thought to reflect Islamic
avoidance of figural representation. These and other chess sets show
the pervasiveness of chess as both an analogue of war and a royal
game. First appearing in India in the sixth century and known in
Europe as early as the tenth century, chess is a game that neatly
demonstrates how games can reflect the cultural values of their
players. Just as early Islamic sets are abstracted, later European
sets show kings and highly powerful queen and bishop figures.

         Illustrating the importance of games in early societies,
mastery of weiqi was considered by Chinese people to be one of four
essential cultural accomplishments along with music, calligraphy and
painting. Another unique loan is an eighth century Chinese manuscript
on weiqi from Dunhuang, now in the British Library, that includes a
text written on the subject by the Emperor Wu (502-550) of the Liang
Dynasty. The Japanese version of weiqi, known as go, is also featured
in the exhibition. A highlight example is an exquisite early 18th
century set with a highly decorated, lacquer board and agate pieces,
from the Kozu Kobunka Kaikan Museum in Japan. The set is decorated
with the crest of the Tokugawa family, the military rulers of the Edo
period, and is thought to be part of the bridal trousseau of a member
of the Tokugawa family.

         The exhibition examines the development of backgammon, a game
of both strategy and luck, which is claimed by the Persians as their
invention and remains a popular game in Iran today. Included in Asian
Games is a finely decorated board from 19th century Iran, on loan
from the Nasser D. Khalili Collection of Islamic Art. The central
motif dividing the two halves of the board echoes patterns found in
Roman game boards. Figural depictions on the board include lovers in
European clothes, a couple in Iranian dress and a woman nursing a
child. An earlier, Safavid era illustration from the Shahnama (Book
of Kings) depicts Buzurjmihr Inventing Nard (backgammon) in Answer to
the Kain of Hind's Chess Challenge is a striking image, not only
for
its depiction of the invention of backgammon, but for the use of
games as an identifying cultural idiom.

         The exhibition section on memory and matching looks at
playing cards, dominoes and mahjong (all Chinese in origin) along
with esoteric but spectacularly beautiful Japanese games of matching
such as shell and incense identification competitions.

         Finally, a section on games of power and dexterity looks at
physical games like kickball and polo. The quintessential pastime of
emperors and kings, polo is thought to have originated among
horseback chase games, like buzkashi, still played in Central Asia
today. In China, references to polo date from the late 7th century,
but by then it was already played in Persia, from where it was
transmitted to India. It was played with enthusiasm by the great
Mughal emperors Akbar (r. 1556-1605) and Jahangir (r. 1605-1627). In
India, it was adopted by British colonials who brought it to the
West. A highlight of this section is the depiction of Dasaratha's
Four Sons Practicing Royal Pursuits from the Ramayana. This miniature
painting (India, 1712), on loan from the British Library, shows Lord
Rama engaged in the Indian royal pursuits of elephant riding, archery
and polo. Other highlights include Tang dynasty ceramic figurines of
ladies and foreigners playing polo, a 17th century Japanese screen
showing Tartars playing the game, and ceremonial Japanese kickballs.
Important Indian and Persian polo paintings on loan from the British
Library and the Metropolitan Museum of Art are also included.

         Asian Games: The Art of Contest is curated by Colin
Mackenzie, Middlebury College Museum of Art and Irving Finkel,
British Museum. It is accompanied by a vibrantly illustrated 280-page
catalogue. The exhibition will be presented at the Arthur M. Sackler
Gallery in Washington, D.C. from February 26 through May 15, 2005 and
at Middlebury College Museum of Art in fall 2005.

         Major funding for Asian Games: The Art of Contest is provided
by the National Endowment for the Humanities and the National
Endowment for the Arts.

Related programs
         In conjunction with Asian Games: The Art of Contest, the Asia
Society will present a number of public programs. A daylong symposium
held on October 16, From Dice to Go: Asian Games Through the Ages
will examine new research on the importance of games in historical
and contemporary Asian societies and their global impact. Speakers
include exhibition curators Colin Mackenzie and Irving Finkel, and
David Parlett, inventor/author, among others. The world of games and
their importance in human life is interpreted through dance, music
and text, in two special performances on October 29-30 of Game/Play,
conceived and directed by choreographer Yoshiko Chuma. The piece will
explore over 50 games in 50 minutes, from children's clapping
games to sophisticated tea drinking competitions. Participating
artists include dancer/choreographer Yin Mei and musician Robert
Black. For a complete schedule of programs, call (212) 517-ASIA.
_________________________________

About Asia Society

Asia Society is America's leading institution dedicated to
fostering understanding of Asia and communication between Americans
and the peoples of Asia and the Pacific. A nonprofit, nonpartisan
educational institution, the Asia Society presents a wide range of
programs including major art exhibitions, performances, media
programs, international conferences and lectures, and initiatives to
improve elementary and secondary education about Asia. The Asia
Society is headquartered in New York City, with regional centers in
Washington, D.C., Houston, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Hong Kong,
Manila, Melbourne, and Shanghai.

Asia Society and Museum
725 Park Avenue (at 70th Street), New York City.
(212) 517-ASIA, www.asiasociety.org <http://www.asiasociety.org>
Hours: Tuesday - Sunday, 11:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.; Fridays extended
evening hours until 9:00 p.m.; Closed on Mondays and major holidays.

Admission: $10; $7 for seniors and $5 students with ID; Free for
members and persons under 16; Free to all on Friday evenings, 6:00 -
9:00 p.m.

# # #

Kiran Nasir Gore
Public Relations Assistant
Asia Society and Museum
725 Park Avenue at 70th Street
NYC 10021
212.327.9366

___________
Crossposted to LawPundit
http://www.lawpundit.com/blog/lawpundit.htm
and
ArtsPundit
http://artspundit.blogspot.com/

69 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 Ancient Sites in Latvia

Dear LexiLiners,

Vilnis Grauds, a member of our list, has a website devoted to the
traditions of Latvia, including pages on Latvian megaliths, rock
drawings and ancient hill forts. The Latvian text on that website
alternates in many cases with English text explanations. See

http://tradition.lf.lv/Svetakmeni.htm - megaliths
http://tradition.lf.lv/Allazhu_akmenji.htm - megaliths
http://tradition.lf.lv/Aizkraukles%20akmenji.htm - megaliths
http://tradition.lf.lv/Klintis%20un%20Zimes.htm - rock drawings
http://tradition.lf.lv/Sveetvietas.htm - ancient hill forts

plus, Vilnis has a page by Juris Kaulins on photos of the distant
north [AK: not a known relation] including photos of rock drawings
from Lappland. See
http://tradition.lf.lv/Ziemelji_J_K.htm

Enjoy,

Andis

The Singing Stones of the Aksai - The Carnac of the East?

Who thought we would ever be citing Pravda in this day and age? We
wish there were a better source.

A 09/01/2004 article in Pravda
http://english.pravda.ru/science/19/94/377/14001_Stonehenge.html
misleadingly entitled
"Stonehenge on Don" by Galina Shefer (translation by Anna Ossipova)
reports that Alexander Ludov has found rows of megaliths in the
European part of Russia in the Aksai river basin. The Aksai is a
tributary of the Don River which flows into the Sea of Azov, just
northeast of the Black Sea.

Shefer writes (as translated by Ossipova):

"...unlike the famous Stonehenge, this local construction consists of
vertically erected massive rocks or megaliths. Long 'Menhir alleys'
made of stone stretch directly from East to West."

The megaliths are of quartz and as Ludov states "do not conatain
traces of limestone or any other kinds of rocks that are commonly
found in our steppes."

The megaliths are located near a burial mound called "Stone" and are
dated to 9000 BC - the accuracy of which dating we greatly doubt,
although we do not doubt that the megaliths will be quite old.

Ludov uses the proposed dates to opine that the megalithic culture
comes from the Don region - whereas we think that the megalith
builders were seafarers who came up the Black Sea, the Sea of Asov,
and then the Don and Aksai rivers to put up the megalithic structures
for geodetic survey by astronomy.

The Aksai megalithic rows pointing East and West point in the West
directly to the megalithic rows found at Carnac in France - at the
same latitude.

Shefer writes (as translated by Ossipova):

"It is also noteworthy to mention that such structures all over the
world are made of quartz, a special kind of stone that is capable of
radiating ultrasound waves.

'Scientists were able to determine that <strong>during spring and
fall equilibrium</strong> radiation of the quartz stones tends to
activate. As a result, the stones begin to "sing" within the
ultrasound range of the changing frequency,' tells Alexander
Dmitrievich. 'Perhaps, that is the reason why quartz is used for
construction of such sacred shrines."

At the Equinoxes, the Sun marks exactly the directions East and West.
Now, if the stones actually also announce the Equinoxes in quartz
harmonic song, THAT would be something.

More on Aksai and its relation to Carnac coming.

Newsletter 2004 Sumerian Indo-European Equivalence (Latvian)

An interesting inquiry as to the date of publication of my comparison
of Sumerian to Indo-European on the basis of Latvian resulted in the
following answer:

Searches of this nature can be conducted at the WayBack Machine –
the
Internet Archive – at
http://www.archive.org/web/web.php

As you can see at that source, at the following link,
http://snipurl.com/azhi
http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi37.h
tm (link may not wrap)

the materials currently starting at
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi37.htm

were first published on the Internet
starting

September, 2000.

Be sure to also note the sources for my lists:

The word source for Sumerian: John A. Halloran's Lexicon of Sumerian
Logograms at the web domain  http://www.sumerian.org
and the Latvian-German historical dictionary of Latvian by
Muehlenbachs-Endzelins
slowly going online at http://www.ailab.lv/mev/

Enjoy,

Andis

72 LexiLine Newsletter 2004 SEAC Conference in 2005 in Sardinia

Dear LexiLiners,

This SEAC ANNOUNCEMENT via Enrico Calzolari may be interest to you:

Société Européenne pour l'Astronomie dans la Culture
	 European Society for Astronomy in Culture

Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, c. Vía Láctea s.n.,
38200 La
Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

1st Announcement of the 13th Annual Conference of SEAC
Lights and Shadows in Cultural Astronomy

						 Isili and La Laguna,
October 18th 2005

	 Dear members of SEAC and colleagues,

This is the first announcement of our next conference and annual
general assembly to be celebrated in Isili (Sardinia, Italy) from
June 28th to July 3rd 2005 under the title "Lights and shadows in
cultural astronomy"..

Dates and General Scheduling: The delegates are expected to arrive in
Sardinia during Tuesday June 28th (first night included in the hotel
pack) and to leave on Monday  July 4th (Sunday the 3rd is the last
night).

Organizer and Sponsors: The conference will be organized under the
umbrella of the "Associazione Archeofila Sarda". The
"Comune di
Isili" (confirmed) and the government of the "Regione
Sarda" (TBC)
are also expected to contribute.

Conference Fee, Lodging and Meals: The conference fee will consist of
a  single pack including participation on the conference, conference
abstract book and proceedings, 6 nights of hotel (June 28th to July
4th), and full board from the dinner of the 28th to  breakfast of the
4th.  A conference fee of 350 Euro in single room and 300 Euro in
double (or triple) are expected. The fee for accompanying person(s)
will be 250 Euros in double (or triple) room. Three hotels of similar
category (2 star), Il Sole, Cardellino and Pioppo (all within walking
distance of conference venue), have been selected. These have a
limited capacity so, if you intend to participate, please fulfil the
enclosed "pre-registration form" as soon as possible. We will
inform
in later announcements of the different possibilities to pay the fee.

The venue:  The conference will be held in the village of Isili. This
is a small typical interior Sardinian town located some 70 Km. to the
north of Cagliari, Sardinia capital. It is surrounded by beautiful
landscape and by a marvellous collection of ancient remains of the
worth famous nuraghic culture.

To and from Isili: The local organizers expect to provide transport
for most of the delegates from both Cagliari harbour or airport.
Dates of arrival and departure should be known well in advance to
arrange this. For those arriving to other airports (e.g. Alghero) or
harbours (e.g. Olbia or Golfo Aranci) other solutions will have to be
worked out.

Excursions: Two excursions are planned within the conference. These
we expect will be  free of charge if the negotiation with the island
government are fruitful. If not, a small fee would be charged. An
afternoon excursion to the surroundings of Isili is planned for June
30th, probably including various nuraghe (Is Paras), a tomb of giant,
a sacred well (Santa Vittoria), the Museum of Laconi and the
impressive site of Pranu Muteddu. A full day excursion will be
arrange for either Saturday 2nd or Sunday 3rd to the northwest of the
Island, including lunch, and visiting Santa Cristina, nuraghe Losa
and Santu Antine and the domus de janas necropolis of Santa Andrea
Priu.

Invited speakers: We will have two invited speakers. One will be a
first line archaeologist whose work is somehow related to cultural
astronomy (TBC). The other will be Prof. Michael Hoskin who has
performed extensive archaeoastronomical research on Sardinia. Also, a
special sessions devoted to "shadows" of cultural astronomy
will be
handled. Profs. Stanislaw Iwanizewski and Clive Ruggles have already
agreed on their participation. If you have good examples of this
topic (pathological archaeoastronomy) you want to discuss, we are
really expecting your contribution.

Program:  The rest of the program will be arranged once we have a
rough idea of the number of participants and presentations and of the
main topics of these. Some contribution might be accepted only as
posters depending on the final scheduling.

Proceedings: This will be published by the LOC after the conference.
Further instructions will be given in later announcements.

Grants: Eight (8) grants are offered. This will include the
conference fee and the excursions. Unfortunately, we are not able to
provide transport to and from Sardinia. Those willing to obtain a
grant (preferably senior members of SEAC of former Eastern Europe or
young students) should submit to the organization (both to
maurozedda@... and jba@...) an extended abstract (one
full page plus bibliography) of his/her presentation and a short (1
page) CV before the end of 2004. These will be refereed by
specialists selected by the LOC and SEAC EC. A selection is expected
for mid-February 2005.

Further information: If you have any additional question or comment,
please do not hesitate to contact both of us at the e-mail addresses
indicated below.

	 Waiting for your participation, sincerely yours,

Mauro Peppino Zedda  Juan Antonio Belmonte
LOC  Chairman 	        SEAC Secretary and co-chairman
maurozedda@... jba@...

SEAC 2005
Isili (Sardinia)
PRE-REGISTRATION FORM

NAME
INSTITUTION
ADDRESS
PHONE/FAX
E-MAIL
ACCOMPANYING PERSON(S)
I WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT    A TALK / A POSTER
TENTATIVE TITLE:

ACCOMMODATION
SINGLE / DOUBLE
IF DOUBLE, SHARED WITH:

GRANT PLEASE MARK IF YES  •
REMEMBER TO SEND AND EXTENDED ABSTRACT AND BRIEF CV
DATE

Please send as soon as possible and, in any case, before January 1st
2005 to both:
Mauro Zedda (maurozedda@...) and Juan A. Belmonte
(jba@...).

Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!

Dear LexiLiners,

On behalf of LexiLine, I should like to wish all of our members the
merriest possible Christmas and the best of everything in the coming
New Year.

Our membership increased substantially in 2004 so that we continue to
be a vital, growing group.

You will have noticed that we have been relatively quiet with
postings recently. Please be patient, as we have been engaged in a
lot of new research work that will be posted in 2005.

Good Health and Happiness to you ALL,

With best greetings,

Andis Kaulins

1 LexiLine Newsletter 2005 Norte Chico Civilization Peru Dated to
ca. 3000 BC

Dear LexiLiners,

Throughout past years I have maintained that the human
calendar of the Pharaohs, Maya, and Hindu began in 3117 BC and that a
megalithic survey of the Earth by astronomy in connection with that
calendar was made at that same time by ancient megalithic seafarers
from the Old World.

This approximate date is again substantiated in Nature
(Vol. 432, No. 7020, 23 December 2004, p. 1020)
http://snipurl.com/bpfe
http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/dynapage.taf?
file=/nature/journal/v432/n7020/index.html
in an article
by JONATHAN HAAS, WINIFRED CREAMER & ALVARO RUIZ
entitled "Dating the Late Archaic occupation of the Norte Chico
region in Peru"

That article has been reported by e.g. the BBC
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4115421.stm
and at Stone Pages
http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/001070.html

The article concludes on the basis of radiocarbon dating that the
Andean Norte Chico civilization in Peru, which is characterized by
stone step pyramids (platform mounds) started ca. 3000 BC. The Norte
Chico are traditionally thought to have been seafarers.

Here again we have further evidence of my megalithic theory - as more
and more dates worldwide for megalithic cultures center around a date
of ca. 3000 BC.

However, the authors make the unfortunate and erroneous claim, as
reported in the
New Scientist
http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6829
that this culture - in less than 150 years - went "from small hunter-
gatherer bands to great big permanent communities with monumental
architectures."

Obviously, such things do not happen in such time periods - the
technology involved is far too complex and impossible to develop in
such a time period - and hence the only possible explanation is that
this technology was imported by peoples foreign to the indigenous
cultures of the Americas.

Moundbilders have also been found in Uruguay for the period starting
ca. 2800 BC as reported in Nature (Vol. 432, No. 7017, 02 December
2004, p. 614)
http://snipurl.com/bpfi
http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?
file=/nature/journal/v432/n7017/index.html
in an article by
JOSÉ IRIARTE, IRENE HOLST, OSCAR MAROZZI, CLAUDIA LISTOPAD,
EDUARDO
ALONSO, ANDRÉS RINDERKNECHT & JUAN MONTAÑA
entitled
"Evidence for cultivar adoption and emerging complexity during the
mid-Holocene in the La Plata basin"

See also Iriarte at
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2004-12/si-aca113004.php
http://snipurl.com/bpfp

The article has been reported by e.g. the Seattle Times
http://snipurl.com/bpfk
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2002109592_farm05.ht
ml

2 LexiLine Newsletter 2005 Ancient Kansas Astronomy - Intaglios

Dear LexiLiners,

Beccy Tanner at the The Wichita Eagle has a December 19, 2004 story
at
http://www.kansas.com/mld/kansas/news/local/10450663.htm
entitled
"Figures carved into prairie are a story of ancient beliefs".

The story is about ancient intaglios (figures or designs carved into
surfaces) found in Kansas. These "ground drawings" in Kansas are
drawn on trenches along hillsides and show figures of a serpent
holding a ball in its mouth, then another serpent, a turtle, a duck
and two caterpillars.

Kansas archaeologists and anthropologists see the figures as possibly
marking the solstices and the stars and planets for ritual purposes.

Donald Blakeslee, professor of archaeology at Wichita State, compares
the Kansas council circles to Stonehenge in England as sacred
calendars the sun hits at certain points during the solstices.

"'The native people in Mexico connect the caterpillars with meteors
and meteor showers -- they have a celestial connection,' Blakeslee
said."

In other words, we know from that knowledge that the caterpillars
mark portions of the sky in which annual major meteor showers occur
(there are only a few of these - see
http://skytour.homestead.com/met2005.html). Knowing that, we have a
good chance to put the rest of the intaglios into their proper
astronomical places.

Possible dates for the caterpillars are then the meteor showers known
as:

1. the Perseids
http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2004/25jun_perseids2004.htm
major meteor showers which peak around August 12 and at which time
the caterpillars can be quite a nuisance in Kansas
http://hayandforage.com/news/farming_kansas_growers_battle/

2. the Lyrids
http://skytour.homestead.com/met2005.html
which appear in Spring

Some caterpillars appear <a
href="http://www.ext.vt.edu/departments/entomology/ornamentals/caterpi
llars.html">twice a year</a> (in Spring and Midsummer). Are the two
intaglios of caterpillars next to each other or separated by other
figures?

Without knowing the inter-related locations of the figures on the
ground in Kansas, their identification is guesswork on our part, but
we think that at least one of the Kansas caterpillars could mark the
Perseids. The Perseids appear in August but are found in the Perseid
Radiant, which is at the top of the constellation of Perseus.

If the caterpillar is close to the duck, then the duck may mark the
Pleiades (indeed, the duck marks the Pleiades (Latvian
Pilites "ducks") clear back to the time of Lascaux, ca. 9000 BC - see
Stars Stones and Scholars at
http://www.starsstonesscholars.com/

The turtle then would mark Orion - as it did for the Maya
http://www.isourcecom.com/maya/cities/uxmal/houseoftheturtles.htm
see also
http://turtlemountain.org/exhibits/mythandhistory/orion"
concerning the turtle as marking Orion on Native American medicine
wheels.

One serpent figure would then be Hydra.

The serpent holding a ball in its mouth could mark the center of
heaven, but this would depend on the location of this serpent with
respect to the other figures. Again, I do not have a plan of the
figures on the ground. Otherwise, I could make the identifications
with certainty.

Enjoy,

Andis

3 LexiLine Newsletter 2005 Ancient and Modern Celestial Navigation

Dear LexiLiners,

Navigation by celestial objects in modern times is discussed at
CelestialNavigation.net
http://www.celestialnavigation.net/astro.html
and at Henning Umland's, A Short Guide to Celestial Navigation.
http://home.t-online.de/home/h.umland/
In part, modern navigation is complicated mathematics.

Ancient celestial navigation
http://www.celestialnavigation.net/history.html
had to be much more simple than that, but not that much is known
about the navigation used in distant prehistoric periods.

The following is a seminal source for an understanding of ancient
navigation:
http://nautarch.tamu.edu/anth/abstracts/davisd.html
Navigation in the Ancient Eastern Mediterranean - Thesis by Danny Lee
Davis of Texas A&M University, which can be downloaded as a .pdf of
21.58 MB (some pages unfortunately sloppily scanned), at
http://nautarch.tamu.edu/pdf-files/Davis-MA2001.pdf
This is an absolutely new and essential work in this field,
especially chapter V "Night-Time Navigation and Celestial Aids" and
Chapter VI Ancient Navigational Systems: A Synthesis of the Evidence
(p.186) including the Section "Imagining Ancient Systems of
Navigation: A View from Antiquity: The Neolithic System".

Davis writes among other things about "star-path" sailing. This
method of sailing steers directly by the stars, keeping the vessel
directed toward a particular star and changing the star used as stars
change their positions over time. Davis writes - correctly in our
opinion - that this may explain the depiction of particular stars
above the bows or sterns of ships on ancient reliefs.

Davis also writes about ancient navigation as follows:

"Crete is believed to have been colonized by migrant farmers from
Anatolia as early as the eighth or seventh millennium B.C., although
hunter-gatherers surely landed there earlier. Broodbank and Strasser
have shown that the colonization of this island must have been
deliberate and that a minimum number of people and livestock were
required to sustain its initial population. From what we know of
visibility and the limitations of paddled craft, this colonization
and its maintenance are a further indication that a navigation system
embracing celestial observation was in place this early. The
colonization of many other Aegean island and Cyprus in the Final
Neolithic serves also to indicate a high level of navigational
confidence -- and one that must have entailed the usage of some
system of reference for sailing at night, if only the circumpolar
stars for orientation." (pp. 145-146)

Other sources on celestial navigation are:

Traditional Navigation in the Western Pacific
http://www.museum.upenn.edu/navigation/Intro.html
showing navigation by rising and setting stars
http://www.museum.upenn.edu/Navigation/sidereal/sidereal2.html

Gary Agranat - Astronomy: Time and Navigation (links)
http://members.aol.com/gca7sky/time.htm

Peter Ifland, in The History of the Sextant
http://www.mat.uc.pt/~helios/Mestre/Novemb00/H61iflan.htm
discusses how the North Celestial Pole (currently the star Polaris)
can be used to determined latitude and how the Arabs later used the
kamal
http://snipurl.com/brqd
http://www.eso.org/outreach/spec-
prog/aol/market/information/finevent/finevent-polar.html
for this purpose, employing also their fingers (issabah) for
measurement. Ifland also explains the concept of "shooting the
stars". Take a look at that. Ifland is the author of
Taking the Stars: Celestial Navigation from Argonauts to Astronauts.
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/1575240955/

Peter Tyson - Secrets of Ancient Navigation
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/longitude/secrets.html

John Davis - Seaman's Secrets
http://www.mcallen.lib.tx.us/books/seasecr/dseasec1.htm

Cogswell and Schiøtz - Navigation in the Information Age:
Potential Use of GIS for Sustainability and Self-Determination in
Hawai'i
http://www.hawaii-nation.org/gis/4-history.html

E.G. R. Taylor - The Haven-Finding Art: A History of Navigation from
Odysseus to Captain Cook, published by Hollis & Carter,London, for
the Institute of Navigation, 1956.
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/B0000CJJMB/
See also http://www.celestialnavigation.net/haven.htm.

Charles H. Cotter - A History of Nautical Astronomy, William Clowes
and Sons, London
http://www.amazon.co.uk/exec/obidos/ASIN/0370004604/

Charles H. Cotter - The Complete Nautical Astronomer
http://dogbert.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?
bi=385653480

Nick Strobel - Astronomy Notes
http://www.astronomynotes.com/
and History of Astronomy
http://www.astronomynotes.com/history/s1.htm

Heavenly Mathematics: Cultural Astronomy
http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/heavenly.shtml

The Mariners Museum
http://www.mariner.org//educationalad/ageofex/

The Gilbertese Skydome. Polynesian and Micronesian Astronomy
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi72.htm

Crichton E.M. Miller - Ancient Navigation
http://www.crichtonmiller.com/Navigation.htm

Ancient Navigation Techniques
http://snipurl.com/brql
http://vizproto.prism.asu.edu/vp/classes/sp04/willis_s/TI2/vmad.htm

Ancient Discovery Before Christ
http://snipurl.com/brqn
http://www.sevenoceans.com/MaritimeDiscovery/AncientDiscoveryBeforeChr
ist.htm

The Etruscan Bronze Liver of Piacenza
http://www.lexiline.com/lexiline/lexi8.htm

Enjoy,

Andis