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#493 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Thu Jul 3, 2003 5:01 pm
Subject: "reformed" LFN?
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Hello, all!

Alo, tota!

I have been giving a great deal of thought lately about the qualites and short-comings of LFN.  What makes LFN outstanding, I believe, is the completely phonetic spelling and the simple and completely regular grammar.  Yet it is still not that different to the casual observer from, e.g. interlingua.  LFN is the most creole/pidgin-like IAL on the net, and that originally drew a lot of interest.  I think that it might be worthwhile to take the risk of taking this tendency to the limit, and using the creole model completely.  So, for your comments and consideration, here are...

Io eseva pensante multe ora resente de la cualias e la mancas de LFN.  La plu bon parte, io crede, es la spele tota fonetica, e la gramatica simple e regula complete.  Ma LFN es no si diferente ce alga otra IALes per personas ci no sabe LFN bon.  El aperi plu como Interlingua, per esemplo.  En la rede, LFN es la IAL ce plu sembla un criol o pijin, e esta intereseva multe personas a prima.  Io crede si nos riscara estende la sembla completa, esta potera eser valuada.  E esta ora, per te comentas e considera, asi es...

Ideas for a reformed LFN, bringing it closer to Creole standards


Word order:
  • basic sentence:  subject -- verb -- [object]
    • la fem ama la casa "the woman loves the house"
  • noun phrase:  [preposition] -- [particles] -- noun -- [adjectives]
    • en la casa grande "in the big house"
  • verb phrase:  [tense] -- [auxiliaries] -- verb -- [adverbs]
    • vai debe pasea silenta "will have to walk silently"
The only real change here is the addition of tense (see below), and the fact that word order in reformed LFN has no exceptions (e.g. no object pronouns before the verb, no reversal of subject and verb for questions, etc.)

As in LFN, so-called zero-place verbs take no subject at all:  pluve -- "it rains, it is raining, there is rain"

Questions are formed by rising intonation, indicated in writing with ?, or by using question words such as ci, quando, etc.  This is the norm for pidgins and creoles, and is already part of LFN now.

The grammar:
  • The plural of nouns is indicated by le (the-plural, these/those), numbers, or other quantity words such as multe (many), alga (some), and poca (a few)
    • la om e le fem "the man and the women"
Indicating plural with particles rather than endings, and making the indication optional, is common among creoles and pidgins.  In spoken French, the plural is only heard in the article, and it is "les" that is the model for le here.  Note also that the use of articles at all is already optional in LFN now. [original LFN plural:  -s/-es]
  • Abstract nouns based on nouns or adjectives, and the infinitive used as an abstract noun are indicated by lo
    • lo madre "motherhood," lo vana "vanity," lo dona "to give, giving"
The use of lo as a means of indicating abstracts is found in Spanish. [original LFN:  -ia, -r]
  • The past tense of verbs is indicated by ai or by adverbs of time
    • tu ai labora "you worked," el veni ier "he/she came yesterday"
  • the future tense of verbs is indicated by vai or by adverbs of time
    • tu vai labora "you will work," el veni doman "he/she will come tomorrow"
Ai and vai are modeled after the use of "to have" and "to go" as synthetic past and future in many dialects of romance languages, especially in French.  Making it optional is the norm in creoles and pidgins. [original LFN: -va, -ra]

The verb "to be" takes on a different use in creoles, often being eliminated entirely.  Here, it is retained as the present/historical copulative, but is dropped when the past or future particles are used:
  • es --  am, is, are
  • ai -- past tense, and also "was, were"
  • vai -- future tense, and also "will be"
    • el ai blu; el vai verde "it was blue; it will be green"
  • the perfect mood of verbs is indicated by the adverb ja (already)
    • tu ai labora ja "you had worked, you worked already"
This construction is common in pidgins and creoles.
  • subjunctive and conditional forms of verbs are indicated by the conjunction si (if)
    • si tu labora...  "if you work..."
  • intransitive verbs can be made causative by simply adding an object, or more explicitly by using the auxiliary fa (to make or cause)
    • me humidi la sala, me fa humidi la sala "I humidify the room"
  • transitive verbs can be made reflexive by adding the corresponding pronoun as object
    • el lave se "he/she washes himself/herself"
  • a verb can be used as a noun just as it is
    • nos dansa "we dance" and la dansa "the dance"
  • an adjective can be used as a noun the same way
    • un om saja "a wise man" and le saja "the wise"
  • adverbs are identical to adjectives
    • un om felis "a happy man" and el dansa felis "he/she dances happily"
These last six points are a part of original LFN, and already follow the creole model. All of these are common constructions in many languages.  English uses all of them, at least in dialect.

Pronouns:
  • me -- I, me, my
  • tu -- you, your (singular)
  • el -- he, she, it, him, her, it, his, her, its
  • nos -- we, us, our
  • vos -- you, your (plural)
  • los --  they, them, their
  • se -- himself, herself, itself, themselves, his own, her own, its own, their own
The use of me as a subject is unusual, but not unheard of:  The Milan dialect uses it, for example.  As for the other pronouns, there has been an overall tendency in this direction in many languages.  The elimination of gender in the third person is common in many languages (e.g. Farsi, Chinese, many creoles and pidgins), and eliminates the modern western problem of "pronoun discrimination," which I for one take seriously.  Note the convenience of el:  it is masculine in Spanish and feminine in French! [present LFN:  io/me, tu/te, el/le, nos, vos, los, se; original LFN included possessives ma, ta, sa, nosa, vosa]
  • asi  -- here
  • ala -- there
"This man, these men, that man, those men" become la om asi, le om asi, la om ala, le om ala.  This is common in casual speech in many languages, and especially pidgins and creoles. [original LFN:  esta, estas, acel, aceles, in addition to asi and ala]

Derivational suffixes:

Even highly isolating languages such as Chinese and Indonesian use derivational affixes, and reformed LFN makes use of this convenience as well, e.g.:
  • -or -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: a person who, as part of his or her role or job, makes or renders (adj.), does... (verb), or works with... (noun)
    • dirijor, director, carnor, butcher
  • -ador -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: a tool, instrument, device, or machine which renders or makes things (adj.), does... (verb), or works with... (noun)
    •  lavador, washing machine, umidador, humidifier, frescador, air conditioner
  • -eria -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: the place of work, a shop, or office... 
    • carneria, butcher shop
Also very useful are what were formerly considered grammatical suffixes, but are now "reduced" to derivational ones:
  • -nte adjectives or nouns from verbs: performing the act, or one who so acts
    • donante "giving" or "giver"
  • -da -- adjectives or nouns from verbs: being acted upon, or one so acted upon
    • donada "given" or "gift"
Possible further development:  use -ente and -ada, regardless of final vowel of root word, following the pattern of all other derivational suffixes.

Additional (minor) changes:
  
    dona, fema (woman, female) > fem
    om, mas
(man, male) > om
    in-
(opposite of an adjective) > non-

#494 From: "P Bjorn Madsen" <europidgin@...>
Date: Thu Jul 3, 2003 6:41 pm
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?
europidgin
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Hi George,

I think it's fine that you came up with your new suggestions now. I
like the new grammar a lot. But there is a few things I would like to
comment:

"los" looks to me like plural of "lo". But I think we should
keep "los" because of "nos" and "vos". I know that we don't use "-s"
for plural in this creol-grammar, but still ... you know;-)Could "lo"
be replaced?

I would prefer to have "las" to indicate plural in stead of "le". I'm
not sure, but could "le" become a "false friend" to some Romance
speaking people? I think it is easier to remember et plural "-s" if
it doesn't create some problems I havn't thought of.

Bjorn

PS. BTW it is funny that you selected "ai" because the tense markers
in Chavacano are "ay" and "ya".

#495 From: "Paul O. BARTLETT" <bartlett@...>
Date: Thu Jul 3, 2003 7:50 pm
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?
bartlett22183
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I'm not really getting involved in the creation or
modification of Euroclone conIAls, but the creole-like
changes you propose in LFN look good to me.

--
Paul Bartlett
bartlett at smart.net
PGP key info in message headers

#496 From: Nicholas Hempshall <nick_hempshall@...>
Date: Fri Jul 4, 2003 9:32 am
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?
nick_hempshall
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Hi George and group,

I love these proposals!

I'm going to try and produce something in LFN reformed
to post over the weekend.

Bon fortuna,
Nick


PS hmmmmm I see LFN is now the abbreviation for the La
Femme Nikita!


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#497 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Fri Jul 4, 2003 1:20 pm
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?
cgboeree
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Hi, Nicholas!  Good to hear from you again!  I am glad you like the
ideas.  I look forward to your input.  And about La Femme Nikita:  I
don't think we have grounds to sue. Besides, that is one nice looking
lady!   :-)

George

Nicholas Hempshall wrote:

>
> PS hmmmmm I see LFN is now the abbreviation for the La
> Femme Nikita!
>
>

#498 From: "Paul O. BARTLETT" <bartlett@...>
Date: Sun Jul 6, 2003 12:32 am
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?
bartlett22183
Send Email Send Email
 
On Thu, 3 Jul 2003, Paul O. BARTLETT wrote:

>     I'm not really getting involved in the creation or
> modification of Euroclone conIAls, but the creole-like
> changes you propose in LFN look good to me.

     Incidentally, I hope that from time to time you will
post URLs (if you have them) on the state of LFN at those
times, i.e., if changes have been incorporated in grammar
and/or vocabulary, so that those who are not actively
participating in the change process will be able to keep
track.

--
Paul Bartlett
bartlett at smart.net
PGP key info in message headers

#499 From: "kevinbsmith" <yahoogroups@...>
Date: Mon Jul 7, 2003 8:17 pm
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?
kevinbsmith
Send Email Send Email
 
Greetings!

I really love your proposals, and am excited about the possibility
that LFN could become simpler like this. Your suggestions closely
match what I was trying to do with my tavo "dialect", and if they
become official I would probably turn tavo into a proper subset of
LFN, keeping all the rules but reducing the vocabulary to around 1000
words. Or maybe tavo the languauge would cease to exist, and I would
recycle the website for other purposes :-)

I have a few quibbles, as most people do with any new proposal:

I agree that "le" is confusing, and I would prefer "las", or perhaps
even "les".

I'm not thrilled with "ai" and "vai", but maybe I could learn to like
them.

I'm also still concerned about verbs not being marked. This is an
issue I struggled with for many months with Glosa. In tavo, I ended up
using -r to mark verbs. Toki pona marks all verbs, and that seems to
work. I don't know how "real" creoles and pidgins handle it.

I didn't really realize the verb marking problem until I came up with
a variety of sample sentences and tried to figure out how to encode
them without horrible ambiguity.

Kevin

P.S. I'm a member here, and check for new messages periodically, but
don't have group messages sent to me. So if you're in a hurry to
contact me, send me mail directly.

#500 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Mon Jul 7, 2003 11:07 pm
Subject: europijin
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Hi, again.

About your question concerning verb markers in pidgins and creoles:  The
only group of pidgins that use verb markers, to the best of my
knowledge, are the various Melanesian pidgins, including Tok Pisin used
in Papua New Guinea.  They use i (from he) before the verb if a third
person subject is used.  They also use a suffix -im (from him) on their
verbs if the verb is followed by an object.  Australian English
sometimes does this, too.  It is interesting, sort of like a grammatical
version of www.whatever.com:  subject:verb;object! Polynesian pidgins,
such as Hawaiian English, don't do either of these, and neither do any
other pidgins or creoles I could check on the net.  So, while it is a
nice tool for clarity, it doesn't seem to be terribly popular.

Thought you'd be interested!

George

#501 From: "butterbro6" <butterbro6@...>
Date: Tue Jul 8, 2003 6:28 am
Subject: New features on www.Stdfriends.com
butterbro6
Send Email Send Email
 
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the chatroom!


Support@...  www.stdfriends.com

#502 From: Bjorn Madsen <europidgin@...>
Date: Tue Jul 8, 2003 11:50 am
Subject: Re: Re: "reformed" LFN?
europidgin
Send Email Send Email
 
Hi Kevin.

Nice to see you again.

> ... I would probably turn tavo into a
> proper subset of
> LFN, keeping all the rules but reducing the
> vocabulary to around 1000
> words.

I think that a limited vocabulary for the pidgin
version would be very good. Actually I think that 500
words would be better than 1000. But I don't know what
is possible. It should cover what people need for
travel, shopping and some basic conversation.

> I agree that "le" is confusing, and I would prefer
> "las", or perhaps
> even "les".

George convinced me that "li" and "di" are good
solutions.

> I'm not thrilled with "ai" and "vai", but maybe I
> could learn to like
> them.

I don't know if it change your view, but "ai" is
similiar to "ay" in Chavacano a Filipino-Spanish
Creole.

Best regards

Bjorn




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#503 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Wed Jul 9, 2003 8:46 pm
Subject: Europijin
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Just a short note to inform everyone that there is now (the beginnings
of) a web site for Europijin at
http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/europijin.html, plus a yahoo group at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/europijin/.

Europijin (EP) is a proposed IAL with pidgin/creole structure and Lingua
Franca Nova(LFN) vocabulary.  Bjorn and I decided to keep EP and LFN
separate to keep options open.

Please feel free to comment or contribute in any way!

George Boeree

#504 From: "Chlewey Thompin" <chlewey@...>
Date: Wed Jul 9, 2003 11:20 pm
Subject: Re: Europijin
chlewey
Send Email Send Email
 
George Boeree wrote:

> Just a short note to inform everyone that there is now (the beginnings
> of) a web site for Europijin at
> http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/europijin.html, plus a yahoo group at
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/europijin/.
>
> Europijin (EP) is a proposed IAL with pidgin/creole structure and Lingua
> Franca Nova(LFN) vocabulary.  Bjorn and I decided to keep EP and LFN
> separate to keep options open.

If I unserstand correctly this Europijin would be LFN with the latest
proposals.  Isn't it?

In this case, EP, rather than LFN, would be the base of my Interlect and,
possibly, Kevin's Tavo.

-- Carlos Th

#505 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Thu Jul 10, 2003 1:21 pm
Subject: Re: Europijin
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Hi, Carlos.

Yes.  Does that work for you?

George

Chlewey Thompin wrote:
George Boeree wrote:

> Just a short note to inform everyone that there is now (the beginnings
> of) a web site for Europijin at
> http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/europijin.html, plus a yahoo group at
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/europijin/.
>
> Europijin (EP) is a proposed IAL with pidgin/creole structure and Lingua
> Franca Nova(LFN) vocabulary.  Bjorn and I decided to keep EP and LFN
> separate to keep options open.

If I unserstand correctly this Europijin would be LFN with the latest
proposals.  Isn't it?

In this case, EP, rather than LFN, would be the base of my Interlect and,
possibly, Kevin's Tavo.

-- Carlos Th



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#506 From: "kevinbsmith" <yahoogroups@...>
Date: Thu Jul 10, 2003 7:52 pm
Subject: Re: Europijin
kevinbsmith
Send Email Send Email
 
--- In LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com, "Chlewey Thompin" wrote:
> If I unserstand correctly this Europijin would be LFN with
> the latest proposals.  Isn't it?
>
> In this case, EP, rather than LFN, would be the base of my
> Interlect and, possibly, Kevin's Tavo.

In fact, I will probably abandon my Tavo project and simply adopt
Europijin. So far, EP looks "good enough" to use without modification.
I'll decide after I have a chance to look at all the EP details.

Kevin

#507 From: "Chlewey Thompin" <chlewey@...>
Date: Fri Jul 11, 2003 10:44 pm
Subject: Lingua Franca Nova entry in the Conlang Wiki
chlewey
Send Email Send Email
 
If someone wants to look and correct the Lingua Franca Nova entry in the new
Conlang Wiki, please go to:
   http://talideon.com/concultures/wiki/?doc=LinguaFrancaNova

This should be just a quick reference to LFN linking to the resources
already in Internet.  Please do not use Keith Gaughans limited space to
mirror LFN corpus, complete grammars, and dictionaries.

-- Carlos Th

#508 From: "Ray Bergmann" <rayberau@...>
Date: Sat Jul 12, 2003 2:12 am
Subject: RE: Digest Number 93
rayberau
Send Email Send Email
 
The message on "reformed LFN" is not in displayable format, but I note several
responses to it so I guess it was in the form of an attachment that has been
lost while transiting Yahoo or Lycos.  Is the "reformed LFN already on a
website? Or is it possible to post the "reformed LFN" in the body of an email
rather than as an attachment?

Regards from Ray Bergmann
..............
-----Original Message-----
From: LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com

Original Message: 1
    Date: Thu, 03 Jul 2003 13:01:21 -0400
    From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Subject: "reformed" LFN?



[This message is not in displayable format]




Message: 2
    Date: Thu, 03 Jul 2003 18:41:24 -0000
    From: "P Bjorn Madsen" <europidgin@...>
Subject: Re: "reformed" LFN?

Hi George,

I think it's fine that you came up with your new suggestions now. I
like the new grammar a lot. But there is a few things I would like to
comment:

#509 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Sat Jul 12, 2003 10:54 am
Subject: Re: Digest Number 93
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Hi, Ray.

I don't know why it didn't come through for you, but here it is again (with corrections not in the original):

Hello, all!

Alo, tota!

I have been giving a great deal of thought lately about the qualites and short-comings of LFN.  What makes LFN outstanding, I believe, is the completely phonetic spelling and the simple and completely regular grammar.  Yet it is still not that different to the casual observer from, e.g. interlingua.  LFN is the most creole/pidgin-like IAL on the net, and that originally drew a lot of interest.  I think that it might be worthwhile to take the risk of taking this tendency to the limit, and using the creole model completely.  So, for your comments and consideration, here are...

Io eseva pensante multe ora resente de la cualias e la mancas de LFN.  La plu bon parte, io crede, es la spele tota fonetica, e la gramatica simple e regula complete.  Ma LFN es no si diferente ce alga otra IALes per personas ci no sabe LFN bon.  El aperi plu como Interlingua, per esemplo.  En la rede, LFN es la IAL ce plu sembla un criol o pijin, e esta intereseva multe personas a prima.  Io crede si nos riscara estende la sembla completa, esta potera eser valuada.  E esta ora, per te comentas e considera, asi es...

Ideas for a reformed LFN, bringing it closer to Creole standards


Word order:
  • basic sentence:  subject -- verb -- [object]
    • la fem ama la casa "the woman loves the house"
  • noun phrase:  [preposition] -- [particles] -- noun -- [adjectives]
    • en la casa grande "in the big house"
  • verb phrase:  [tense] -- [auxiliaries] -- verb -- [adverbs]
    • vai debe pasea silenta "will have to walk silently"
The only real change here is the addition of tense (see below), and the fact that word order in reformed LFN has no exceptions (e.g. no object pronouns before the verb, no reversal of subject and verb for questions, etc.)

As in LFN, so-called zero-place verbs take no subject at all:  pluve -- "it rains, it is raining, there is rain"

Questions are formed by rising intonation, indicated in writing with ?, or by using question words such as ci, quando, etc.  This is the norm for pidgins and creoles, and is already part of LFN now.

The grammar:
  • The plural of nouns is indicated by le (the-plural, these/those), numbers, or other quantity words such as multe (many), alga (some), and poca (a few)
    • la om e le fem "the man and the women"
Indicating plural with particles rather than endings, and making the indication optional, is common among creoles and pidgins.  In spoken French, the plural is only heard in the article, and it is "les" that is the model for le here.  Note also that the use of articles at all is already optional in LFN now. [original LFN plural:  -s/-es]
  • Abstract nouns based on nouns or adjectives, and the infinitive used as an abstract noun are indicated by lo
    • lo madre "motherhood," lo vana "vanity," lo dona "to give, giving"
The use of lo as a means of indicating abstracts is found in Spanish. [original LFN:  -ia, -r]
  • The past tense of verbs is indicated by ai or by adverbs of time
    • tu ai labora "you worked," el veni ier "he/she came yesterday"
  • the future tense of verbs is indicated by vai or by adverbs of time
    • tu vai labora "you will work," el veni doman "he/she will come tomorrow"
Ai and vai are modeled after the use of "to have" and "to go" as synthetic past and future in many dialects of romance languages, especially in French.  Making it optional is the norm in creoles and pidgins. [original LFN: -va, -ra]

The verb "to be" takes on a different use in creoles, often being eliminated entirely.  Here, it is retained as the present/historical copulative, but is dropped when the past or future particles are used:
  • es --  am, is, are
  • ai -- past tense, and also "was, were"
  • vai -- future tense, and also "will be"
    • el ai blu; el vai verde "it was blue; it will be green"
  • the perfect mood of verbs is indicated by the adverb ja (already)
    • tu ai labora ja "you had worked, you worked already"
This construction is common in pidgins and creoles.
  • subjunctive and conditional forms of verbs are indicated by the conjunction si (if)
    • si tu labora...  "if you work..."
  • intransitive verbs can be made causative by simply adding an object, or more explicitly by using the auxiliary fa (to make or cause)
    • me humidi la sala, me fa humidi la sala "I humidify the room"
  • transitive verbs can be made reflexive by adding the corresponding pronoun as object
    • el lave se "he/she washes himself/herself"
  • a verb can be used as a noun just as it is
    • nos dansa "we dance" and la dansa "the dance"
  • an adjective can be used as a noun the same way
    • un om saja "a wise man" and le saja "the wise"
  • adverbs are identical to adjectives
    • un om felis "a happy man" and el dansa felis "he/she dances happily"
These last six points are a part of original LFN, and already follow the creole model. All of these are common constructions in many languages.  English uses all of them, at least in dialect.

Pronouns:
  • me -- I, me, my
  • tu -- you, your (singular)
  • el -- he, she, it, him, her, it, his, her, its
  • nos -- we, us, our
  • vos -- you, your (plural)
  • los --  they, them, their
  • se -- himself, herself, itself, themselves, his own, her own, its own, their own
The use of me as a subject is unusual, but not unheard of:  The Milan dialect uses it, for example.  As for the other pronouns, there has been an overall tendency in this direction in many languages.  The elimination of gender in the third person is common in many languages (e.g. Farsi, Chinese, many creoles and pidgins), and eliminates the modern western problem of "pronoun discrimination," which I for one take seriously.  Note the convenience of el:  it is masculine in Spanish and feminine in French! [present LFN:  io/me, tu/te, el/le, nos, vos, los, se; original LFN included possessives ma, ta, sa, nosa, vosa]
  • asi  -- here
  • ala -- there
"This man, these men, that man, those men" become la om asi, le om asi, la om ala, le om ala.  This is common in casual speech in many languages, and especially pidgins and creoles. [original LFN:  esta, estas, acel, aceles, in addition to asi and ala]

Derivational suffixes:

Even highly isolating languages such as Chinese and Indonesian use derivational affixes, and reformed LFN makes use of this convenience as well, e.g.:
  • -or -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: a person who, as part of his or her role or job, makes or renders (adj.), does... (verb), or works with... (noun)
    • dirijor, director, carnor, butcher
  • -ador -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: a tool, instrument, device, or machine which renders or makes things (adj.), does... (verb), or works with... (noun)
    •  lavador, washing machine, umidador, humidifier, frescador, air conditioner
  • -eria -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: the place of work, a shop, or office... 
    • carneria, butcher shop
Also very useful are what were formerly considered grammatical suffixes, but are now "reduced" to derivational ones:
  • -nte adjectives or nouns from verbs: performing the act, or one who so acts
    • donante "giving" or "giver"
  • -da -- adjectives or nouns from verbs: being acted upon, or one so acted upon
    • donada "given" or "gift"
Additional (minor) changes:
  
    dona, fema (woman, female) > fem
    om, mas
(man, male) > om
    in-
(opposite of an adjective) > non-


Ray Bergmann wrote:

The message on "reformed LFN" is not in displayable format, but I note several responses to it so I guess it was in the form of an attachment that has been lost while transiting Yahoo or Lycos.  Is the "reformed LFN already on a website? Or is it possible to post the "reformed LFN" in the body of an email rather than as an attachment?

Regards from Ray Bergmann
..............
-----Original Message-----
From: LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com

Original Message: 1
   Date: Thu, 03 Jul 2003 13:01:21 -0400
   From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Subject: "reformed" LFN?



#510 From: Nicholas Hempshall <nick_hempshall@...>
Date: Mon Jul 14, 2003 11:04 am
Subject: RE: Digest Number 93
nick_hempshall
Send Email Send Email
 
Hi Ray

A non-HTML version for you!

Regards
Nick

-------------------------------
Hello, all!

Alo, tota!

I have been giving a great deal of thought lately
about the qualites and short-comings of LFN.  What
makes LFN outstanding, I believe, is the completely
phonetic spelling and the simple and completely
regular grammar.  Yet it is still not that different
to the casual observer from, e.g. interlingua.  LFN is
the most creole/pidgin-like IAL on the net, and that
originally drew a lot of interest.  I think that it
might be worthwhile to take the risk of taking this
tendency to the limit, and using the creole model
completely.  So, for your comments and consideration,
here are...

Io eseva pensante multe ora resente de la cualias e la
mancas de LFN.  La plu bon parte, io crede, es la
spele tota fonetica, e la gramatica simple e regula
complete.  Ma LFN es no si diferente ce alga otra
IALes per personas ci no sabe LFN bon.  El aperi plu
como Interlingua, per esemplo.  En la rede, LFN es la
IAL ce plu sembla un criol o pijin, e esta intereseva
multe personas a prima.  Io crede si nos riscara
estende la sembla completa, esta potera eser valuada.
E esta ora, per te comentas e considera, asi es...

Ideas for a reformed LFN, bringing it closer to Creole
standards

Word order:
basic sentence:  subject -- verb -- [object]
la fem ama la casa "the woman loves the house"
noun phrase:  [preposition] -- [particles] -- noun --
[adjectives]
en la casa grande "in the big house"
verb phrase:  [tense] -- [auxiliaries] -- verb --
[adverbs]
vai debe pasea silenta "will have to walk silently"
The only real change here is the addition of tense
(see below), and the fact that word order in reformed
LFN has no exceptions (e.g. no object pronouns before
the verb, no reversal of subject and verb for
questions, etc.)

As in LFN, so-called zero-place verbs take no subject
at all:  pluve -- "it rains, it is raining, there is
rain"

Questions are formed by rising intonation, indicated
in writing with ?, or by using question words such as
ci, quando, etc.  This is the norm for pidgins and
creoles, and is already part of LFN now.

The grammar:
The plural of nouns is indicated by le (the-plural,
these/those), numbers, or other quantity words such as
multe (many), alga (some), and poca (a few)
la om e le fem "the man and the women"
Indicating plural with particles rather than endings,
and making the indication optional, is common among
creoles and pidgins.  In spoken French, the plural is
only heard in the article, and it is "les" that is the
model for le here.  Note also that the use of articles
at all is already optional in LFN now. [original LFN
plural:  -s/-es]

Abstract nouns based on nouns or adjectives, and the
infinitive used as an abstract noun are indicated by
lo
lo madre "motherhood," lo vana "vanity," lo dona "to
give, giving"
The use of lo as a means of indicating abstracts is
found in Spanish. [original LFN:  -ia, -r]

The past tense of verbs is indicated by ai or by
adverbs of time
tu ai labora "you worked," el veni ier "he/she came
yesterday"
the future tense of verbs is indicated by vai or by
adverbs of time
tu vai labora "you will work," el veni doman "he/she
will come tomorrow"
Ai and vai are modeled after the use of "to have" and
"to go" as synthetic past and future in many dialects
of romance languages, especially in French.  Making it
optional is the norm in creoles and pidgins. [original
LFN: -va, -ra]

The verb "to be" takes on a different use in creoles,
often being eliminated entirely.  Here, it is retained
as the present/historical copulative, but is dropped
when the past or future particles are used:

es --  am, is, are
ai -- past tense, and also "was, were"
vai -- future tense, and also "will be"
el ai blu; el vai verde "it was blue; it will be
green"

the perfect mood of verbs is indicated by the adverb
ja (already)
tu ai labora ja "you had worked, you worked already"
This construction is common in pidgins and creoles.

subjunctive and conditional forms of verbs are
indicated by the conjunction si (if)
si tu labora...  "if you work..."
intransitive verbs can be made causative by simply
adding an object, or more explicitly by using the
auxiliary fa (to make or cause)
me humidi la sala, me fa humidi la sala "I humidify
the room"
transitive verbs can be made reflexive by adding the
corresponding pronoun as object
el lave se "he/she washes himself/herself"

a verb can be used as a noun just as it is
nos dansa "we dance" and la dansa "the dance"
an adjective can be used as a noun the same way
un om saja "a wise man" and le saja "the wise"
adverbs are identical to adjectives
un om felis "a happy man" and el dansa felis "he/she
dances happily"
These last six points are a part of original LFN, and
already follow the creole model. All of these are
common constructions in many languages.  English uses
all of them, at least in dialect.

Pronouns:

me -- I, me, my
tu -- you, your (singular)
el -- he, she, it, him, her, it, his, her, its
nos -- we, us, our
vos -- you, your (plural)
los --  they, them, their
se -- himself, herself, itself, themselves, his own,
her own, its own, their own
The use of me as a subject is unusual, but not unheard
of:  The Milan dialect uses it, for example.  As for
the other pronouns, there has been an overall tendency
in this direction in many languages.  The elimination
of gender in the third person is common in many
languages (e.g. Farsi, Chinese, many creoles and
pidgins), and eliminates the modern western problem of
"pronoun discrimination," which I for one take
seriously.  Note the convenience of el:  it is
masculine in Spanish and feminine in French! [present
LFN:  io/me, tu/te, el/le, nos, vos, los, se; original
LFN included possessives ma, ta, sa, nosa, vosa]

asi  -- here
ala -- there
"This man, these men, that man, those men" become la
om asi, le om asi, la om ala, le om ala.  This is
common in casual speech in many languages, and
especially pidgins and creoles. [original LFN:  esta,
estas, acel, aceles, in addition to asi and ala]

Derivational suffixes:

Even highly isolating languages such as Chinese and
Indonesian use derivational affixes, and reformed LFN
makes use of this convenience as well, e.g.:

-or -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: a
person who, as part of his or her role or job, makes
or renders (adj.), does... (verb), or works with...
(noun)
dirijor, director, carnor, butcher
-ador -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: a
tool, instrument, device, or machine which renders or
makes things (adj.), does... (verb), or works with...
(noun)
  lavador, washing machine, umidador, humidifier,
frescador, air conditioner
-eria -- nouns from adjectives, nouns, or verbs: the
place of work, a shop, or office...
carneria, butcher shop
Also very useful are what were formerly considered
grammatical suffixes, but are now "reduced" to
derivational ones:

-nte adjectives or nouns from verbs: performing the
act, or one who so acts
donante "giving" or "giver"
-da -- adjectives or nouns from verbs: being acted
upon, or one so acted upon
donada "given" or "gift"
Additional (minor) changes:

     dona, fema (woman, female) > fem
     om, mas (man, male) > om
     in- (opposite of an adjective) > non-


__________________________________
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#511 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Thu Jul 17, 2003 2:46 pm
Subject: News and a request
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
There is a basic website for Europijin available at
http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/europijin.html, with links to an English
and a Norwegian introduction -- the latter thanks to Åsmund Knutson, who
also provided the most recent translation of the LFN introduction. plus
a new testament sample as well.  I anyone would like to send me other
translations, I will be happy to put them up as well.  You won't need to
translate the word-list, since I can take those from the LFN intros.

Carlos, if you are reading this, perhaps you could update the partial
intro you wrote in Spanish for me?

Best wishes,

George

#512 From: LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com
Date: Sat Aug 30, 2003 8:07 am
Subject: New file uploaded to LinguaFrancaNova
LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com
Send Email Send Email
 
Hello,

This email message is a notification to let you know that
a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the LinguaFrancaNova
group.

   File        : /Alternative dating
   Uploaded by : rowecubodi0817 <rowecubodi0817@...>
   Description : Find an alternative dating patner!

You can access this file at the URL

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LinguaFrancaNova/files/Alternative%20dating

To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit

http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/groups/files

Regards,

rowecubodi0817 <rowecubodi0817@...>

#513 From: LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com
Date: Sat Aug 30, 2003 2:04 pm
Subject: New file uploaded to LinguaFrancaNova
LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com
Send Email Send Email
 
Hello,

This email message is a notification to let you know that
a file has been uploaded to the Files area of the LinguaFrancaNova
group.

   File        : /Check out the HOT men!
   Uploaded by : nokiribudo8508 <nokiribudo8508@...>
   Description : Thousands of gay profiles to browse through for free!

You can access this file at the URL

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/LinguaFrancaNova/files/Check%20out%20the%20HOT%20m\
en%21

To learn more about file sharing for your group, please visit

http://help.yahoo.com/help/us/groups/files

Regards,

nokiribudo8508 <nokiribudo8508@...>

#514 From: Jacques Dehée <jacquesdehe@...>
Date: Sun Aug 31, 2003 10:05 am
Subject: Congratulations
jacquesdehe
Send Email Send Email
 
Hi,
Congratulations for the magnificent dictionary in 9 languages !
Best regards,
Jacques.



Do You Yahoo!? -- Une adresse @yahoo.fr gratuite et en français !
Testez le nouveau Yahoo! Mail

#515 From: "jacquesdehe" <jacquesdehe@...>
Date: Fri Sep 5, 2003 9:34 am
Subject: Félicitations pour votre connaissance du Français
jacquesdehe
Send Email Send Email
 
Chère amie roumaine,
*******
Vous avez raison 'ouvert' est le participe passé du verbe 'ouvrir';
'ouvré' existe seulement en tant qu'adjectif; par exemple 'un jour
ouvré' est un 'jour qui n'est pas férié'.
*******
Il y a bien longtemps, de passage à Bucarest, je suis entré dans
une librairie centrale pleine de clients et comme je ne connaissais
pas la langue roumaine, pour me faire comprendre j'ai posé
la question 'Est-ce que quelqu'un parle français?'
Tout le monde a levé la main et a dit d'une seule voix
'je parle français !'
Seriez vous assez aimable pour m'envoyer un court e-mail
en français à l'adresse
dehee.jacques@... ?
*******
Amicalement,
Jacques

#516 From: "jacquesdehe" <jacquesdehe@...>
Date: Fri Sep 5, 2003 9:42 am
Subject: Re: Félicitations pour votre connaissance du Français
jacquesdehe
Send Email Send Email
 
--- In LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com, "jacquesdehe"
<jacquesdehe@y...> wrote:
> Chère amie roumaine,
> *******
> Vous avez raison 'ouvert' est le participe passé du verbe 'ouvrir';
> 'ouvré' existe seulement en tant qu'adjectif; par exemple 'un jour
> ouvré' est un 'jour qui n'est pas férié'.
> *******
> Il y a bien longtemps, de passage à Bucarest, je suis entré dans
> une librairie centrale pleine de clients et comme je ne connaissais
> pas la langue roumaine, pour me faire comprendre j'ai posé
> la question 'Est-ce que quelqu'un parle français?'
> Tout le monde a levé la main et a dit d'une seule voix
> 'je parle français !'
> Seriez vous assez aimable pour m'envoyer un court e-mail
> en français à l'adresse
> dehee.jacques@w... ?
> *******
> Amicalement,
> Jacques
Post scriptum: le logiciel a supprimé la fin de mon adresse;
il s'agit de wanadoo.fr

#517 From: Yenovk Lazian <yenovklazian@...>
Date: Fri Sep 5, 2003 12:32 pm
Subject: Digest Number 107
yenovklazian
Send Email Send Email
 

Bonjour, s'agit il de la langue de Racin comme Lingua Franca Nova ?

Si parla ancora la vecchia lingua genovese semplicissima conoscata come Linguafranca de la Mediterranea ?

Amicalemente,

Yenovk

 


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#518 From: "jacquesdehe" <jacquesdehe@...>
Date: Fri Sep 5, 2003 1:07 pm
Subject: Re: Digest Number 107
jacquesdehe
Send Email Send Email
 
Pour ne pas choquer notre amie roumaine qui doit être précise
en ce qui concerne la langue française, il vaudrait mieux
écrire 'Racine'plutôt que 'Racin'.
En italien 'conoscata' est plutôt 'consciuta' et la Méditerranée
est masculine dans cette langue.
La langue française et la langue anglaise ne suffisent plus
comme langues auxiliaires et je suis amateur de langues
construites, ce qui ne m'empêche pas de constater dans le monde
ce qui survit de la grande influence dont a bénéficié la langue
française.
Ceci dit je suis très occupé à travailler bénévolement sur
un projet international nommé en français 'Projet Multilingue
pour Langues Construites' (son nom anglais diffère en 'Multilingual
Project for Auxlangs') ce qui m'oblige à jongler avec de nombreuses
langues et il me reste peu de temps à consacrer à Lingua Franca Nova,
malheureusement.
Amicalement, Jacques
--- In LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com, Yenovk Lazian
<yenovklazian@y...> wrote:
>
> Bonjour, s'agit il de la langue de Racin comme Lingua Franca Nova ?
>
> Si parla ancora la vecchia lingua genovese semplicissima conoscata
come Linguafranca de la Mediterranea ?
>
> Amicalemente,
>
> Yenovk
>
>
>
>
> ---------------------------------
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! SiteBuilder - Free, easy-to-use web site design software

#519 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Sun Sep 7, 2003 5:45 pm
Subject: Expanded LFN page
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Alo a totas!

Io poneva un paje estendente per LFN a la rede
(http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/lfn.html). Per favori, leje le e indica
la eras e envia vos sujeris a me!

Jorj

#520 From: "da11xiao" <da11xiao@...>
Date: Mon Sep 8, 2003 8:43 am
Subject: Best site to meet hot nudists and nice pics!
da11xiao
Send Email Send Email
 
Best site to meet hot nudists and nice pics!
Find your special one from ten thousands of nudist singles with nice
pics here!
come on for free register:

http://www.NudistFriendFinder.com/i/2

#521 From: George Boeree <cgboeree@...>
Date: Mon Sep 8, 2003 11:57 am
Subject: Re: Best site to meet hot nudists and nice pics!
cgboeree
Send Email Send Email
 
Sorry, folks.  We have been getting a few spam interlopers lately.  They
seem to come back (under new names) as fast as I can kick them out and
ban them!  I have nothing against naked ladies, understand, but there's
a time and a place  ;-)

George

da11xiao wrote:

> Best site to meet hot nudists and nice pics!
> Find your special one from ten thousands of nudist singles with nice
> pics here!
> come on for free register:
>
> http://www.NudistFriendFinder.com/i/2
>

#522 From: "jacquesdehe" <jacquesdehe@...>
Date: Mon Sep 8, 2003 2:39 pm
Subject: Re: Best site to meet hot nudists and nice pics!
jacquesdehe
Send Email Send Email
 
My e-mail address was also used by somebody
for sending messages about something that I reprove.
I fear that anybody in Yahoo groups might find
in the future his name unwillingly associated
with something dirty.
Jacques
--- In LinguaFrancaNova@yahoogroups.com, George Boeree
<cgboeree@a...> wrote:
> Sorry, folks.  We have been getting a few spam interlopers lately.
They
> seem to come back (under new names) as fast as I can kick them out
and
> ban them!  I have nothing against naked ladies, understand, but
there's
> a time and a place  ;-)
>
> George
>
> da11xiao wrote:
>
> > Best site to meet hot nudists and nice pics!
> > Find your special one from ten thousands of nudist singles with
nice
> > pics here!
> > come on for free register:
> >
> > http://www.NudistFriendFinder.com/i/2
> >

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