Hi Group,
Good news. The medical experts agree. Pregnancy in men is possible. Alien
anal probing could be turning guys into pregnant hosts for a hybrid fetus,
maybe even triplets. It doesn't require much space to host them because when
they remove them after 2 months the fetus is only an inch long and weighs
less than an ounce.
Art
From:
http://216.239.33.100/search?q=cache:oim2xbyr4WgC:www.upenn.edu/gazette/0900/0

900gaz1.html+intestinal+pregnancy&hl=en&ie=UTF-8
Male Pregnancy
One of the most interesting developments while I was in Britain was the
announcement of an “intestinal pregnancy,” which happened when a woman's
fetus attached itself to the lining of her intestines and was successfully
sustained by placental tissue that grew there. A prominent British researcher
interested in male pregnancy seized that and other developments to really
push the idea of getting men pregnant. I found that fascinating and had a
great opportunity to interview men who were potential candidates for such a
procedure. I plan to write about male pregnancy during the coming months.
Gazette: That's quite a bombshell. Could you talk a little about the
researcher who's pushing this and some of those potential candidates for the
procedure?
McGee: Male pregnancy, when it happens, will not be the offspring of some
crackpot British biologist. No less a scholar and scientist than the head of
Britain's prestigious Hammersmith Hospital, Lord Robert Winston, a prominent
reproductive endocrinologist who conducted some of the most important early
experiments in in-vitro fertilization, is pushing the idea along. Winston
believes that there is no obvious reason why males should not share more
fully in the birthing process, and while I can't see a big market for male
birthing, already I had the opportunity to interview several men who have
volunteered for clinical trials of this technology as it develops.
Gazette: Shock-value aside, isn't this a really bad thing to ask your
intestines to handle?
McGee: Some of the obvious risks include rupture of the intestinal lining,
acute rejection of the fetus, and lord only knows what sort of hormonal
imbalance. But Americans, who warmed to the idea of Arnold Schwarzenegger as
a male mom in a 1980s movie, may be among the first to have the opportunity
to really spread the pleasures and burdens of pregnancy around. As a
philosopher I am fascinated at the implications of male pregnancy for all of
the ways in which we have traditionally defined human flourishing. As a guy
the whole thing has me fascinated yet oddly repulsed. It promises to continue
to be a rich area for ethical and scientific research.

The following medical account describes in detail the case of a woman with an
abdominal pregnancy.
From:
http://216.239.39.100/search?q=cache:Cu63j-6eVe4C:www.hkam.org.hk/publications

/hkmj/article_pdfs/hkm0012p425.pdf+abdominal+pregnancy+case&hl=en&ie=UTF-8
Case report
A 28-year-old woman presented at 16 weeks' gesta-
tion to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
at the Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital in
March 1999, because the fetal cardiac pulse could
not be detected at the antenatal clinic. She enjoyed good
health and wanted the pregnancy. A pregnancy test gave
positive results at about 8 weeks of amenorrhoea. Ante-
natal routine blood-screening tests gave normal results.
Physical examination showed that the abdomen was
soft and non-tender, but the uterus was not palpable.
Fetal cardiac pulsation could not be found by using
the Doppler pulse detector. An ultrasound examin-
ation was thus performed to assess the fetal size and
cardiac function. Ultrasonography of the abdomen and
vagina showed that the uterus was empty (Fig 1). There
was an ectopic gestational sac at the right adnexal
area, which contained a viable fetus. The fetal
biparietal diameter and femur length were measured
and corresponded to the 15-week mean. The placenta
was visible posteriorly in the pouch of Douglas and
measured 7.7 x 9.5 x 9.4 cm. Abdominal pregnancy
with a viable fetus was diagnosed. The patient was
told of the poor prognosis for the fetus and the poten-
tial risks of continuing the pregnancy. The option of
laparotomy and termination of the pregnancy was
discussed. She agreed to the procedure.
The operation was performed under general
anesthesia. A subumbilical vertical skin incision was
made. The diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy was con-
firmed. A gestational sac was seen protruding from
the pouch of Douglas. Active fetal movement could
be seen through the membranes at the time of incision
(Fig 2). The placenta was implanted behind the uterus.
There was mild adhesion between the large bowel,
appendix, and the gestational sac. The fallopian tubes
and ovaries were not visible because of extensive
pelvic adhesion. The gestational sac was incised, the
foetus was delivered, and the cord was clamped and
ligated. The placenta was left in situ, and a course of
prophylactic co-amoxiclav was given.
The patient remained well after the operation.
The preoperative -human chorionic gonadotrophin
(HCG) level was 821 IU/L, decreasing to 38
638 IU/L on the fifth day after operation. She was mildly an-
aemic and the clotting profile was normal in the post-
operative period. Initially, she was upset about the
fetal loss and was counseled by a clinical psycholo-
gist. She was discharged home on day 7. Subsequent
outpatient follow-up 4 weeks later showed that the
-HCG level had decreased to 128 IU/L. An ultrasound
examination showed that the placenta had shrunk
slightly to 6.3 x 7.3 x 6.6 cm. The patient remained
asymptotic and the -HCG level returned to normal
(<5 mIU/mL) 4 months after the operation. The
placental remnant showed no significant reduction in
size since 4 weeks after the operation.
Discussion
Although Allibone et al have provided guidelines
for the use of ultrasonography to diagnose abdominal
pregnancy, the reported diagnostic errors in different
series have ranged from 50% to 90%.
In this case of abdominal pregnancy, we were able to demonstrate that
the gestational sac was outside the uterus with the use
of transvaginal ultrasound examination. It is usually
easier to appreciate the abdominal pregnancy at the
end of the first trimester or early in the second tri-
mester, when the pelvic organs are best visualized
The maternal mortality rate varies from 2% to 30%,
and it can be reduced by early diagnosis and timely
intervention. Perinatal mortality for abdominal preg-
nancy is high. For the management of abdominal
pregnancy, factors such as maternal complications,
fetal congenital abnormality, fetal viability, gestational
age at presentation, and the availability of neonatal
facilities should be considered. If the foetus is dead,
surgical intervention is generally indicated owing to
Abdominal pregnancy
the risk of infection and disseminated intravascular
coagulation. Some clinicians, however, recommend a
period of observation of 3 to 8 weeks to allow atrophy
of placental vessels to occur. If the fetus is alive, laparotomy should be
per-
formed, regardless of gestational age or fetal condition.
The reason is mainly based on the unpredictability of
placental separation and resultant massive hemorrhage
Some clinicians may adopt an individualized
approach. If the pregnancy is less than 24 weeks' ges-
tation, immediate operative intervention is indicated
because of the high risk of maternal complications
and the poor prognosis for the baby if the pregnancy
continues. Debate has arisen, however, concerning the
appropriateness of a conservative approach in situ-
ations where the patient presents after 24 weeks' ges-
tation. Cases of the pregnancy being closely observed
and surgery being delayed to allow time for the foetus
to mature have been reported.
This approach requires close surveillance when the benefits to the foetus
are
weighed against the potential risks to the mother, such
as the sudden onset of life-threatening hemorrhage.
The patient needs to be admitted to hospital, where
surgical expertise, anesthesia, and a 24-hour blood
bank service are available.
The management of the placenta in an abdominal
pregnancy is still a matter of debate. Partial removal
of the placenta may result in massive uncontrolled
hemorrhage and shock if the complete blood supply
cannot be ligated. Complete removal of the placenta
should be done only when the blood supply can be
identified and careful ligation performed.
In this case, the placenta was left in situ. This course of action
has recommended for most cases,
the cord being ligated in close proximity to the placenta. It has been
estimated that the placenta can remain functional for
approximately 50 days from the operation, and total
regression of placental function is usually complete
within 4 months. Complications may include ileus,
peritonitis, abscess formation, prolonged hospital
stay, and fever. The use of prophylactic methrotrexate
is not advocated when the placenta is left in situ. Rapid
and major degradation of the abdominal placental tissue
can result in the accumulation of necrotic tissue, which
is an ideal medium for bacterial growth and sepsis.
In conclusion, although abdominal pregnancy is a
rare event, awareness of this condition is very important
in reducing the associated morbidity and mortality.
References
1. Atrash HK, Friede A, Hogue CJ. Abdominal pregnancy in the
United States: frequency and maternal mortality. Obstet
Gynecol 1987;69:333-7.
2. Maas DA, Slabber CF. Diagnosis and treatment of advanced
extra-uterine pregnancy. S Afr Med J 1975;49:2007-10.
3. Alexander MC, Horger EO 3rd. Early diagnosis of abdominal
pregnancy by ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound 1983;11:45-8.
4. Allibone GW, Fagan CJ, Porter SC. The sonographic features
of intra-abdominal pregnancy. J Clin Ultrasound 1981;9:383-7.
5. Costa SD, Presley J, Bastert G. Advanced abdominal preg-
nancy. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1991;46:515-25.
6. Martin JN Jr, Sessums JK, Martin RW, Pryor JA, Morrison
JC. Abdominal pregnancy: current concepts of management.
Obstet Gynecol 1988;71:549-57.
7. Partington CK, Studley JG, Menzies Gow N. Abdominal
pregnancy complicated by appendicitis. Case report. Br J
Obstet Gynaecol 1986;93:1011-2.
8. Hallatt JG. Ectopic pregnancy in perspective. Postgrad Med
1968;44:100-3.
9. Tan KL, Wee JH. The paediatric aspects of advanced abdomi-
nal pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1969;76:1021.
10. Ombelet W, Vandermerwe JV, Van Assche FA. Advanced
extrauterine pregnancy: description of 38 cases with literature
survey. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1988;43:386-97.
11. Rahman MS, AI Suleiman SA, Rahman J, Al Sibai MH. Ad-
vanced abdominal pregnancy: observations in 10 cases. Obstet
Gynecol 1982;59:336-72.
12. Strafford JC, Ragan WD. Abdominal pregnancy. Review of
current management. Obstet Gynecol 1977;50:548-52.
13. Meinert J. Advanced ectopic pregnancy including combined
ectopic and intrauterine pregnancy [in German]. Geburtshilfe
Frauenheikd 1981;41:490-5.
14. Hage ML, Wall LL, Killam A. Expectant management of
abdominal pregnancy. A report of two cases. J Reprod Med
1988;33:407-10.
15. Hallatt JG, Grove JA. Abdominal pregnancy: a study of twenty-
one consecutive cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985;152:444-9.
16. France JT, Jackson P. Maternal plasma and urinary hormone
levels during and after a successful abdominal pregnancy.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1980;87:356-62.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]