Now that yall have taught me how to root Rhododendron, etc. I have found
that the same techniques work well for Camellia and Holly and a few other
shrubs.  But I always fail completely with Kalmia.  I know this is a little
bit off the subject-but it's related.  Is there some secret to success with
Kalmia?

John Barnes
Greenwood, SC

I have read that winter sun can cause the bark on rhododendron twigs
to split. Is that true of evergreen azaleas? Deciduous azaleas? Also,
are azaleas as vulnerable to wind as Rhododendron? I have noticed that
deciduous azaleas are VERY vulnerable to rabbits!

Laura Wetzel

Please give me your tips on rooting. I am very interested in this process.
Deloris Smith
7935 Bethel Road
Gainesville, GA 30506
Zone 7
----- Original Message -----
From: "john barnes" <jbarnes@...>
To: <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 01, 2004 10:07 AM
Subject: [AZ] Rooting Kalmia


> Now that yall have taught me how to root Rhododendron, etc. I have found
> that the same techniques work well for Camellia and Holly and a few other
> shrubs.  But I always fail completely with Kalmia.  I know this is a
little
> bit off the subject-but it's related.  Is there some secret to success
with
> Kalmia?
>
> John Barnes
> Greenwood, SC
>
>
>
>
> When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as
context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
> To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>

--- In azaleas@yahoogroups.com, Bob Stelloh <bstelloh@M...> wrote:
> [please cc <hfd1622@s...> on any reply]
>
> >Date: Mon, 29 Mar 2004 18:13:33 -0600
> >From: John and Sharron Ball <hfd1622@s...>
> >Subject: plants that grow in Dallas Texas in full sun
> >To: bstelloh@m...
> >
> >We are looking for an azalea that will grow in Midlothian Texas.
The soil
> >has a ph of 8.5 and the temp gets down to the teens or lower,
although not
> >for long.  The summers are long and dry, so that is an issue as
well.
> >

As someone who has grown hundreds of azaleas in the Dallas area for
many years, may I suggest that it is not what is grown but rather how
it is grown.  I have had excellent results putting hybrids in full
Texas sun; hybrids that those in other areas write cannot survive
when so planted.  I believe you can choose any hybrid/cultivar you
find attractive or interesting and plant them in your yard.  If given
the proper care, they will not only survive but thrive.

When the Dallas arboretum first planted the azalea test bed used to
determine the feasibility of an ambitious azalea collection, the
plants were not placed directly into the soil.  Rather the plants
were planted in a bed of organic material mounded directly upon the
ground.  The material used was a composition of peat moss and pine
bark mulch.  Due to cost factors, I use 100% finely ground pine bark
mulch only and plant in mounds.  This technique is successfully used
in other public areas of the city and avoids problems with alkaline
soil and poor drainage.

The next step is top watering.  A sprinkling system is virtually
mandatory to deliver proper water requirements.  As the soil medium
is very porous and summer temperatures are quite high, plants respond
very well to short, early morning watering.  Frequency depends on
many factors including but not limited to soil density, sun exposure,
and ambient temperatures.

I hope these techniques are helpful and wish you future success with
azaleas.  Please contact me should you have additional questions.

Rick Christenson

I get a lot of "Azaleas 101" questions from folks who are not members
of the group, because my email address is on the azaleas website.
Some I try to answer myself, and some I forward on to let you folks
who really know the answers take a crack at them.

In the latter case I try to remember to add a
    "[please cc <soandso@...> on any reply]"
line at the top of the message to let you know they won't get the
reply unless you go to that extra effort. Then if I remember again I
check any reply to see if it got cc'ed, and forward it if not.

Lately I have been seeing those email addresses being truncated such
as "<soandso@s... >", which is certainly gonna make it hard to
forward your replies to them. My guess is that Yahoo or Outlook
Express or something else is doing this to protect us from spammers
collecting those email addresses. While that's admirable, it defeats
our goal of helping folks raise and enjoy azaleas. To get around
that, I will start supplying such email addresses in the form
    "[please cc <soandso at somewhere.com> on any reply]"

Hopefully, whatever program is truncating the email addresses won't
recognize "<soandso at somewhere.com>" as an email address, so it
should come through with all the info. Then if you will just replace
the " at " with an "@" on the cc line of your reply, the original
questioner will get it.

If you can think of a better approach, please let me know.

Regards,
Bob Stelloh  Hendersonville North Carolina  USDA Zone 7

PS: What triggered this was Rick Christenson's fine reply to the
folks in Dallas. Thanks, Rick. Since I have the original message from
<hfd1622@s...> with their full address, I will be sure they get it!

I don't root a lot of Kalmia, primarily Kalmia
latifolia (mountain laurel) since I encounter so few
distinct forms in the wild, but find it probably
easier than native azalea (just slower growing).  Year
before last in mid-May I was on a native azalea
expedition on some bluffs which were covered with
white blooming mountain laurel, making it difficult to
spot white azaleas.  So I collected a few woody
cuttings (not layers), stuck them out in fast-draining
media/pots with clear ventable propagation domes in
controlled shade, cut all leaves in half diagonally,
wounded the lower stem that went into the media and
before sticking cuttings I sprinkled a light layer of
humus from a healthy old mountain laurel in my woods.
Two of those cuttings are in the ground along my
trail.
--- john barnes <jbarnes@...> wrote:
> Now that yall have taught me how to root
> Rhododendron, etc. I have found
> that the same techniques work well for Camellia and
> Holly and a few other
> shrubs.  But I always fail completely with Kalmia.
> I know this is a little
> bit off the subject-but it's related.  Is there some
> secret to success with
> Kalmia?
>
> John Barnes
> Greenwood, SC
>
>


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John,
Kalmias are notoriously hard to root. Even seedlings will go through a phase
where they get up to about 1/2" tall and stop growing. I usually put the
tray of seedlings in the refrigerator for about 72 hours to scare them into
growing again.

Now, back on your questions about rooting Kalmias. Ed Kinesy of Knoxville,
TN, did root them, but on a deep bench with bottom heat and under a mist,
and then it would take up to six months with 50 to 60% success. I think Mike
Creel's rooting methods would work well for you. Shoot, he roots hard wood
dormant cuttings of a lot of shrubs and trees with great success and his
methods are as cheap as you get and simple.

If you look back in the archives of the mail list you will find loads of his
posts on the issue. He may make a reply to your query.

Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a
----- Original Message -----
From: "john barnes" <jbarnes@...>
To: <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 01, 2004 10:07 AM
Subject: [AZ] Rooting Kalmia


> Now that yall have taught me how to root Rhododendron, etc. I have found
> that the same techniques work well for Camellia and Holly and a few other
> shrubs.  But I always fail completely with Kalmia.  I know this is a
little
> bit off the subject-but it's related.  Is there some secret to success
with
> Kalmia?
>
> John Barnes
> Greenwood, SC
>
>
>
>
> When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as
context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
> To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>

Well, here is a shot of one azalea in full bloom. It is R. kiyosumense,
grown from seed from the ARS Seed Exchange about 1989. It has been in flower
for about eight days. I hope I posted the pic right. Since I bought the
Coolpix 4300 I am just trying it out.

Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a

Hi,

The latest discussion of rooting reminded me of a question that came up
during an earlier thread but I never had time to ask it. There was some
discussion about using KY Jelly for rooting cuttings, but no one
defined exactly what they did with it. I'm guessing that rooting
hormone was mixed into the jelly, then the cuttings were stuck into it
before planting, is that right? How do you know what ratio of hormone
to jelly to use, and do you use wet or dry form or hormone? Sorry if
these are dumb questions but

My second question is motivated by the latest ARS seed exchange. I
started a bunch of seeds mid-March using Don Hyatt's methods, and
everything except the R. prunifolium and the Enkianthus has come up by
now. Is the prunifolium usually more difficult to germinate than the
other natives? Anyone have experience with enkianthus? I assumed the
latter would respond to the same method as rhodies, enkies being
ericaceous and all, but maybe that's wrong.

Last question is about making potting mix out of peat moss. I have only
been able to find the usual reddish stuff that comes compressed in
square bales and says spaghnum peat moss. It's not peat humus or that
long-fibred sphagnum that is used for more decorative purposes. Is this
the right stuff? Before mixing it with perlite and pinebark fines, do
you screen the peat to break up the clots and get rid of the twigs? I'm
having the usual problems with the mix drying out too much for my
houseplants (the down side of trying NOT to overwater the citruses in
winter, which will kill them for sure), and I think it would help if I
shredded it more. I already screen the pinebark fines so it won't kill
me to screen the peat <sigh>....  I have to pot up a bunch of azalea
cuttings that should have been bumped up last fall, so I don't want to
kill them by doing something stupid.

Thanks so much for your help -- I really enjoy reading the posts and
have learned so much about plants from you all. Hope to know enough
some day to return the favor!

Judy Karpen

"For every problem there is one solution that is simple, neat, and
wrong" -- H.L. Mencken

Dr. Judith T. (Judy) Karpen
Code 7675K
Naval Research Laboratory
Washington, DC 20375-5352
email: judy:karpen@nrl:navy:mil (replace colons by dots)
phone: 202-767-3441

"For every problem there is one solution that is simple, neat, and
wrong" -- H.L. Mencken

Joe, what are the leaves like in this kiyosumense (an
azalea I have never heard of).  I am rooting some
cuttings of a similar looking (flowerwise) very hardy
unknown azalea from my friend Paul Lightfoot in
Indiana.  Stuck in late fall outdoors under domes, the
cuttings (many of them) seem rooted, even a bloom on
one I noticed.  The Indiana azalea has fairly large,
hairy leaves and the flowers dry to a gentian blue.
Mike Creel, South Carolina

--- Joe Schild <azaleajoe@...> wrote:
> Well, here is a shot of one azalea in full bloom. It
> is R. kiyosumense,
> grown from seed from the ARS Seed Exchange about
> 1989. It has been in flower
> for about eight days. I hope I posted the pic right.
> Since I bought the
> Coolpix 4300 I am just trying it out.
>
> Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a
>

> ATTACHMENT part 2 image/jpeg name=DSCN0018.jpg



__________________________________
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Mike,
R. kiyosumense is actually now classified as a variety of R. reticulatum,
though when I first sowed the seed it was listed as I wrote it. The leaves
grow in whorls, mainly around the stem ends. They are almost rhombic in
shape and have hairs along the midveins and edges with some on the top. This
species flowers before the leaves emerge and comes from Japan. The leaves
are about 2.5" long by 1.75" wide.

My specimen is almost seven feet tall by four feet wide. Galle lists it as
growing up to 20 feet tall in the wild. Close to the one in my garden are
several other Asian species: R. dilatatum, R. reticulatum, R. wadanum, R.
nudipes, R. mariesii and R. sanctum. They all tend to have the same type or
similar leaves. My R. weyrichii is very nice with reddish-pink flowers and
the shrub is more broad and spreding than tall.

The R. sanctum I mentioned above is a clone of one in the Japanese Royal
Gardens. In 1938 or 1939, K. Wada of  Wada Nursery in Japan sent Clifton
Gann three cuttings through the mail and my old friend rooted them. My
pecimen is a clone of a clone of a clone of Clifton's. I lost the first two
to storm damage from fallen tree limbs and am rooting more to protect the
line. My 7' specimen sets seed profusly as selfs, since there is nothing
else in flower when it blooms later than the other Asian species. The
flowers are deep reddish-purple about 3" across. Oh, it does not cross with
our native species. I tried it many times.

Hopethis helps.

Joe Schild
----- Original Message -----
From: "Mike Creel" <mikeacreel@...>
To: <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 01, 2004 9:22 PM
Subject: Re: [AZ] Early Blooms


> Joe, what are the leaves like in this kiyosumense (an
> azalea I have never heard of).  I am rooting some
> cuttings of a similar looking (flowerwise) very hardy
> unknown azalea from my friend Paul Lightfoot in
> Indiana.  Stuck in late fall outdoors under domes, the
> cuttings (many of them) seem rooted, even a bloom on
> one I noticed.  The Indiana azalea has fairly large,
> hairy leaves and the flowers dry to a gentian blue.
> Mike Creel, South Carolina
>
> --- Joe Schild <azaleajoe@...> wrote:
> > Well, here is a shot of one azalea in full bloom. It
> > is R. kiyosumense,
> > grown from seed from the ARS Seed Exchange about
> > 1989. It has been in flower
> > for about eight days. I hope I posted the pic right.
> > Since I bought the
> > Coolpix 4300 I am just trying it out.
> >
> > Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a
> >
>
> > ATTACHMENT part 2 image/jpeg name=DSCN0018.jpg
>
>
>
> __________________________________
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Small Business $15K Web Design Giveaway
> http://promotions.yahoo.com/design_giveaway/
>
>
> When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as
context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
> To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>

> As someone who has grown hundreds of azaleas in the Dallas area
for
> many years, may I suggest that it is not what is grown but rather
how
> it is grown.  I have had excellent results putting hybrids in full
> Texas sun; hybrids that those in other areas write cannot survive
> when so planted.  I believe you can choose any hybrid/cultivar you
> find attractive or interesting and plant them in your yard.  If
given
> the proper care, they will not only survive but thrive.
>
> When the Dallas arboretum first planted the azalea test bed used
to
> determine the feasibility of an ambitious azalea collection, the
> plants were not placed directly into the soil.  Rather the plants
> were planted in a bed of organic material mounded directly upon
the
> ground.  The material used was a composition of peat moss and pine
> bark mulch.  Due to cost factors, I use 100% finely ground pine
bark
> mulch only and plant in mounds.  This technique is successfully
used
> in other public areas of the city and avoids problems with
alkaline
> soil and poor drainage.
>
> The next step is top watering.  A sprinkling system is virtually
> mandatory to deliver proper water requirements.  As the soil
medium
> is very porous and summer temperatures are quite high, plants
respond
> very well to short, early morning watering.  Frequency depends on
> many factors including but not limited to soil density, sun
exposure,
> and ambient temperatures.
>
> I hope these techniques are helpful and wish you future success
with
> azaleas.  Please contact me should you have additional questions.
>
> Rick Christenson

Hi Rick,
Thanks for the helpful information.  Do your successes include
hybrid deciduous azaleas as well as evergreens?
Regards,
Rich Dodson  (USDA 9b)

Okay, here is the full size shrub of my R. keyosumense in full flower as of
yeasterday. It is about 7' tall by 4' wide.

Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a

>
>Hi Rick,
>Thanks for the helpful information.  Do your successes include
>hybrid deciduous azaleas as well as evergreens?
>Regards,
>Rich Dodson  (USDA 9b)

Rich,

The gulf coast region has a number of deciduous azaleas growing in the wild
so I see no reason why one should have any serious difficulty growing them.
As they tend to become quite large, I only have one which I keep in a pot.

Rick

_________________________________________________________________
MSN Toolbar provides one-click access to Hotmail from any Web page – FREE
download! http://toolbar.msn.com/go/onm00200413ave/direct/01/

I am wondering if unfertilized (or lightly fertilized)
azaleas and rhododendrons are less prone to bark split
tthan those growing pretty much nature's way. If my
azaleas and rhododendrons were any more vigorous -
without fertilizer - I don't know what I would do.
Also our state flower yellow jessamine (called poor
man's rope in earlier days) has become a pest wrapping
up my azaleas.
Mike Creel, Lexington, SC
--- vanveennursery@... wrote:
> We recently learned about bark split in azaleas. you
> bet!!!  We had a very
> mild Fall here in Portland Oregon. It was 70s,
> sunny, shorts weather.
> Everything was merrily growing away, and completely
> undormant, including yours truly..
>  Then on Nov 1 we suddenly had 24F.  Winter had
> announced its arrival very
> rudely .   We had lots of bark split on evergreen
> azaleas, more than we realized
> at the time.  We will soon see how much heals over
> and how much will be
> completely ruined.  Some big old rhododendrons  also
> have the same problem.
> cheers?  Kathy Van Veen Van Veen Nursery
>
>


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[please cc <kcmcinchrist at netzero.com> on any reply]

>Date: Fri, 02 Apr 2004 20:19:28 +0000 (GMT)
>From: kcmcinchrist@...
>Subject: Question
>Original-recipient: rfc822;bstelloh@...
>
>I planted six azalea's this year and two of them are on a ridge with
>a hill. I mulched them as directed but need to ask as they grow do
>they require mulch year round? I currently have an edge around them
>but would like to take it off because it takes away from the beauty
>of the plant.
>
>  kcmcinchrist@...

-------- Original Message --------
Subject: sudden oak death, text version
Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 11:13:47 -0600
From: Adrienne Edwards <aedwards@...>
To: GardenGroup:;

Laura Wetzel left me a message that my message about sudden oak death
couldn't be accessed.  Here is the text, from Science magazine last
week.  I just thought we should all spread the word and be extremely
careful about where you buy your nursery plants!
--Adrienne

PLANT PATHOLOGY:
Nurseries May Have Shipped Sudden Oak Death Pathogen Nationwide
Erik Stokstad
A funguslike pathogen that kills oak trees and has devastated forests in
California now has plant pathologists scrambling to halt its spread
outside
the state. In a nightmare come true, the California Department of Food
and
Agriculture (CDFA) announced on 10 March that the sudden oak death
pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, had been found at a nationwide nursery
supplier. Although sales of all species that can harbor the pathogen were
halted immediately, the nursery has shipped potentially infected material
to 783 garden centers in 39 states over the past year. "We're dealing
with
a significant emergency," says Steve Lyle, a CDFA spokesperson.

The pathogen causes lethal trunk infections in several kinds of oaks and
has killed tens of thousands in California. It also sickens azaleas,
rhododendrons, maples, and dozens of other species. In 2001, the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA) quarantined nurseries in 12 counties
centered on San Francisco, a hot spot. Last year, however, nurseries in
Oregon, Washington state, and British Columbia also tested positive
for the
pathogen.


Deadly bloom? Camellias (left) may have borne a pathogen that kills
trees,
including this tan oak.
CREDITS: (LEFT) GLADYS LUCILLE SMITH © CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES;
(RIGHT) GARBELOTTO LABORATORY/UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY


An ongoing survey of 80 California nurseries has now turned up P. ramorum
at a 200-hectare facility in Asuza, Los Angeles County, owned by Monrovia
Nursery. Because the nursery supplier has a high-volume business
throughout
the country, the discovery "dwarfs all the others," says David Rizzo
of the
University of California, Davis. The pathogen had infected six
varieties of
camellias. Another nursery in San Diego County was confirmed as
infected a
few days later, and 11 more nurseries tested positive on an initial
screen,
says Claude Knighten, a spokesperson for USDA's Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service. It's not clear yet whether they did business
withMonrovia.
USDA quickly compiled a list of nurseries that had received host species
from Monrovia over the past year. State officials are now trying to track
down those shipments. In Tennessee, state agricultural inspectors are
sampling some 35 kinds of potential host plants if they show
symptoms--usually indistinguishable from common leaf blight--in two dozen
garden centers on the list. "I've been here 17 years, and we haven't
[ever]
done anything like this," says Anni Self, a plant pathologist with the
Tennessee Department of Agriculture in Nashville. Nationwide, state and
federal officials have contacted about 200 of the nurseries that received
potentially infected material. Of those, 113 still had some on hand and
have been ordered not to sell it.

Whether the pathogen has already escaped to forests may become clear
later
this year. Scientists with USDA and state agencies are beginning a survey
of P. ramorum in oak-dense areas of 23 southeastern states. A pilot
survey
last year found no trace of the pathogen in nurseries or forests in seven
states. Now they're tweaking plans to focus on areas that received
shipments from Monrovia or other infected suppliers. "Our goal is to
sample
around every one of these nurseries," says Steve Oak of the U.S. Forest
Service in Asheville, North Carolina.

In the meantime, Florida and Georgia closed their borders to all
California
nursery stock last week, and other states have instituted California
import
bans on species known to host the pathogen.



~       ~       ~       ~       ~*
"Don't aim at success - the more you aim at it and make it a target, the
more you are going to miss it. For success, like happiness, cannot be
pursued; it must ensue, and it only does so as the unintended side
effect of
one's personal dedication to a cause greater than oneself."
          --Victor Frankl

. . .dance like no one's watching. . .

Dr. Adrienne Leigh Edwards
Plant Ecologist
Center for Biodiversity
Illinois Natural History Survey
607 East Peabody Drive
Champaign, IL  61820
PH:  217-244-8583
fax:  217-333-4949
aedwards@...
~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~

Last week, I received a notice from our Tennessee Department of Agriculture
Regulatory Services, Plant Certification, that on March 19, 2004, they
declared a ban on California nursery stock that has been found to be either
hosts of, or associated host of, Phytophthora ramorum (SOD).

If a Tennessee nursery has California plants on a list of hosts, they are
quarantined and may not be shipped or moved until an inspector has released
them.

There are 28 plant species regulated for SOD, from Acer to Viburnum, with
Rhododendron spp included in the list. They show a Web link for a complete
list: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppq/ispm/sod

Tennessee has put the onus on California Dept. of Ag. until they can declare
suspect nurseries free from SOD and have placed infected nurseries under
USDA Quarantine.

Oh well, I do not have any in my nursery, so I guess that is good for my
oaks.

Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a
----- Original Message -----
From: "Laura Wetzel" <azalea@...>
To: "azaleas Azaleas" <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Friday, April 02, 2004 10:05 PM
Subject: [AZ] [Fwd: sudden oak death, text version]


>
>
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: sudden oak death, text version
> Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 11:13:47 -0600
> From: Adrienne Edwards <aedwards@...>
> To: GardenGroup:;
>
> Laura Wetzel left me a message that my message about sudden oak death
> couldn't be accessed.  Here is the text, from Science magazine last
> week.  I just thought we should all spread the word and be extremely
> careful about where you buy your nursery plants!
> --Adrienne
>

I am sorry, but this is much over done.  It is not the problem the press
would like to make it.

I know I will be accused of making light of a subject, because I am selling
plants from the west, but this problem is not what it is made out to be and
it certainly is not a problem in Oregon or Washington as more tests for it
being there has been done than for any other disease.

I just wish that people would tell the truth, rather than making a story
where there is none.

While my friend on this group, Barry Sperling will say I am pushing a
political agenda as he did in the quote below from my earlier response to
this problem, I am not, but I do know something about this problem with
Phytophora ramorum and have the facts from the ODA to back up what I say.

"And Harold, aggressively pushing a political agenda, no matter how
much you are right and the rest of us are wrong, simply makes enemies of
potential friends and has no place in a list where we are all focusing
on the common pleasure of azaleas.
Barry"

Harold Greer

----- Original Message -----
From: "Laura Wetzel" <azalea@...>
To: "azaleas Azaleas" <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Friday, April 02, 2004 7:05 PM
Subject: [AZ] [Fwd: sudden oak death, text version]


>
>
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: sudden oak death, text version
> Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 11:13:47 -0600
> From: Adrienne Edwards <aedwards@...>
> To: GardenGroup:;
>
> Laura Wetzel left me a message that my message about sudden oak death
> couldn't be accessed.  Here is the text, from Science magazine last
> week.  I just thought we should all spread the word and be extremely
> careful about where you buy your nursery plants!
> --Adrienne
>
> PLANT PATHOLOGY:
> Nurseries May Have Shipped Sudden Oak Death Pathogen Nationwide
> Erik Stokstad
> A funguslike pathogen that kills oak trees and has devastated forests in
> California now has plant pathologists scrambling to halt its spread
> outside
> the state. In a nightmare come true, the California Department of Food
> and
> Agriculture (CDFA) announced on 10 March that the sudden oak death
> pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, had been found at a nationwide nursery
> supplier. Although sales of all species that can harbor the pathogen were
> halted immediately, the nursery has shipped potentially infected material
> to 783 garden centers in 39 states over the past year. "We're dealing
> with
> a significant emergency," says Steve Lyle, a CDFA spokesperson.
>
> The pathogen causes lethal trunk infections in several kinds of oaks and
> has killed tens of thousands in California. It also sickens azaleas,
> rhododendrons, maples, and dozens of other species. In 2001, the U.S.
> Department of Agriculture (USDA) quarantined nurseries in 12 counties
> centered on San Francisco, a hot spot. Last year, however, nurseries in
> Oregon, Washington state, and British Columbia also tested positive
> for the
> pathogen.
>
>
> Deadly bloom? Camellias (left) may have borne a pathogen that kills
> trees,
> including this tan oak.
> CREDITS: (LEFT) GLADYS LUCILLE SMITH © CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES;
> (RIGHT) GARBELOTTO LABORATORY/UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
>
>
> An ongoing survey of 80 California nurseries has now turned up P. ramorum
> at a 200-hectare facility in Asuza, Los Angeles County, owned by Monrovia
> Nursery. Because the nursery supplier has a high-volume business
> throughout
> the country, the discovery "dwarfs all the others," says David Rizzo
> of the
> University of California, Davis. The pathogen had infected six
> varieties of
> camellias. Another nursery in San Diego County was confirmed as
> infected a
> few days later, and 11 more nurseries tested positive on an initial
> screen,
> says Claude Knighten, a spokesperson for USDA's Animal and Plant Health
> Inspection Service. It's not clear yet whether they did business
> withMonrovia.
> USDA quickly compiled a list of nurseries that had received host species
> from Monrovia over the past year. State officials are now trying to track
> down those shipments. In Tennessee, state agricultural inspectors are
> sampling some 35 kinds of potential host plants if they show
> symptoms--usually indistinguishable from common leaf blight--in two dozen
> garden centers on the list. "I've been here 17 years, and we haven't
> [ever]
> done anything like this," says Anni Self, a plant pathologist with the
> Tennessee Department of Agriculture in Nashville. Nationwide, state and
> federal officials have contacted about 200 of the nurseries that received
> potentially infected material. Of those, 113 still had some on hand and
> have been ordered not to sell it.
>
> Whether the pathogen has already escaped to forests may become clear
> later
> this year. Scientists with USDA and state agencies are beginning a survey
> of P. ramorum in oak-dense areas of 23 southeastern states. A pilot
> survey
> last year found no trace of the pathogen in nurseries or forests in seven
> states. Now they're tweaking plans to focus on areas that received
> shipments from Monrovia or other infected suppliers. "Our goal is to
> sample
> around every one of these nurseries," says Steve Oak of the U.S. Forest
> Service in Asheville, North Carolina.
>
> In the meantime, Florida and Georgia closed their borders to all
> California
> nursery stock last week, and other states have instituted California
> import
> bans on species known to host the pathogen.
>
>
>
> ~       ~       ~       ~       ~*
> "Don't aim at success - the more you aim at it and make it a target, the
> more you are going to miss it. For success, like happiness, cannot be
> pursued; it must ensue, and it only does so as the unintended side
> effect of
> one's personal dedication to a cause greater than oneself."
>          --Victor Frankl
>
> . . .dance like no one's watching. . .
>
> Dr. Adrienne Leigh Edwards
> Plant Ecologist
> Center for Biodiversity
> Illinois Natural History Survey
> 607 East Peabody Drive
> Champaign, IL  61820
> PH:  217-244-8583
> fax:  217-333-4949
> aedwards@...
> ~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as
context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
> To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>
>

----- Original Message -----

From: Harold Greer

To: azaleas@yahoogroups.com

Sent: Friday, April 02, 2004 11:49 PM

Subject: Re: [AZ] [Fwd: sudden oak death, text version]

I am sorry, but this is much over done.  It is not the problem the press
would like to make it.

I know I will be accused of making light of a subject, because I am selling
plants from the west, but this problem is not what it is made out to be and
it certainly is not a problem in Oregon or Washington as more tests for it
being there has been done than for any other disease.

I just wish that people would tell the truth, rather than making a story
where there is none.

While my friend on this group, Barry Sperling will say I am pushing a
political agenda as he did in the quote below from my earlier response to
this problem, I am not, but I do know something about this problem with
Phytophora ramorum and have the facts from the ODA to back up what I say.

"And Harold, aggressively pushing a political agenda, no matter how
much you are right and the rest of us are wrong, simply makes enemies of
potential friends and has no place in a list where we are all focusing
on the common pleasure of azaleas.
Barry"

Harold Greer

----- Original Message -----
From: "Laura Wetzel" <azalea@...>
To: "azaleas Azaleas" <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Friday, April 02, 2004 7:05 PM
Subject: [AZ] [Fwd: sudden oak death, text version]


>
>
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: sudden oak death, text version
> Date: Wed, 31 Mar 2004 11:13:47 -0600
> From: Adrienne Edwards <aedwards@...>
> To: GardenGroup:;
>
> Laura Wetzel left me a message that my message about sudden oak death
> couldn't be accessed.  Here is the text, from Science magazine last
> week.  I just thought we should all spread the word and be extremely
> careful about where you buy your nursery plants!
> --Adrienne
>
> PLANT PATHOLOGY:
> Nurseries May Have Shipped Sudden Oak Death Pathogen Nationwide
> Erik Stokstad
> A funguslike pathogen that kills oak trees and has devastated forests in
> California now has plant pathologists scrambling to halt its spread
> outside
> the state. In a nightmare come true, the California Department of Food
> and
> Agriculture (CDFA) announced on 10 March that the sudden oak death
> pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum, had been found at a nationwide nursery
> supplier. Although sales of all species that can harbor the pathogen were
> halted immediately, the nursery has shipped potentially infected material
> to 783 garden centers in 39 states over the past year. "We're dealing
> with
> a significant emergency," says Steve Lyle, a CDFA spokesperson.
>
> The pathogen causes lethal trunk infections in several kinds of oaks and
> has killed tens of thousands in California. It also sickens azaleas,
> rhododendrons, maples, and dozens of other species. In 2001, the U.S.
> Department of Agriculture (USDA) quarantined nurseries in 12 counties
> centered on San Francisco, a hot spot. Last year, however, nurseries in
> Oregon, Washington state, and British Columbia also tested positive
> for the
> pathogen.
>
>
> Deadly bloom? Camellias (left) may have borne a pathogen that kills
> trees,
> including this tan oak.
> CREDITS: (LEFT) GLADYS LUCILLE SMITH © CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES;
> (RIGHT) GARBELOTTO LABORATORY/UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
>
>
> An ongoing survey of 80 California nurseries has now turned up P. ramorum
> at a 200-hectare facility in Asuza, Los Angeles County, owned by Monrovia
> Nursery. Because the nursery supplier has a high-volume business
> throughout
> the country, the discovery "dwarfs all the others," says David Rizzo
> of the
> University of California, Davis. The pathogen had infected six
> varieties of
> camellias. Another nursery in San Diego County was confirmed as
> infected a
> few days later, and 11 more nurseries tested positive on an initial
> screen,
> says Claude Knighten, a spokesperson for USDA's Animal and Plant Health
> Inspection Service. It's not clear yet whether they did business
> withMonrovia.
> USDA quickly compiled a list of nurseries that had received host species
> from Monrovia over the past year. State officials are now trying to track
> down those shipments. In Tennessee, state agricultural inspectors are
> sampling some 35 kinds of potential host plants if they show
> symptoms--usually indistinguishable from common leaf blight--in two dozen
> garden centers on the list. "I've been here 17 years, and we haven't
> [ever]
> done anything like this," says Anni Self, a plant pathologist with the
> Tennessee Department of Agriculture in Nashville. Nationwide, state and
> federal officials have contacted about 200 of the nurseries that received
> potentially infected material. Of those, 113 still had some on hand and
> have been ordered not to sell it.
>
> Whether the pathogen has already escaped to forests may become clear
> later
> this year. Scientists with USDA and state agencies are beginning a survey
> of P. ramorum in oak-dense areas of 23 southeastern states. A pilot
> survey
> last year found no trace of the pathogen in nurseries or forests in seven
> states. Now they're tweaking plans to focus on areas that received
> shipments from Monrovia or other infected suppliers. "Our goal is to
> sample
> around every one of these nurseries," says Steve Oak of the U.S. Forest
> Service in Asheville, North Carolina.
>
> In the meantime, Florida and Georgia closed their borders to all
> California
> nursery stock last week, and other states have instituted California
> import
> bans on species known to host the pathogen.
>
>
>
> ~       ~       ~       ~       ~*
> "Don't aim at success - the more you aim at it and make it a target, the
> more you are going to miss it. For success, like happiness, cannot be
> pursued; it must ensue, and it only does so as the unintended side
> effect of
> one's personal dedication to a cause greater than oneself."
>          --Victor Frankl
>
> . . .dance like no one's watching. . .
>
> Dr. Adrienne Leigh Edwards
> Plant Ecologist
> Center for Biodiversity
> Illinois Natural History Survey
> 607 East Peabody Drive
> Champaign, IL  61820
> PH:  217-244-8583
> fax:  217-333-4949
> aedwards@...
> ~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~~*~~
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as
context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
> To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>
>




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To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com

Hi Kathy . . . . . .

I note your problems with bark-splitting . . . . . . your e.mail does
not say if you have taken any remedial action . . . . . .

I bind damaged and/or broken rhosies and azaleas with the
fabric type of Band-Aid . . . . . . Elastoplast in the U.K.   . . . . . .
I cut up the sides of the cushioned area of the Band-Aid and
get a couple of long one-inch wide adhesive strips . . . . . . I then
use these to bind the damaged area . . . . . .

The stretched fabric tends to allow a certain amount of air to
get to the wound . . . . . . I then forget about the damage for a
few months . . . . . . invariably the wound seems to heal . . . . . .
the fabric deteriorates and drops off after a year or so . . . . . .
I have not had any adverse effects to date after a number of
years using this methodology . . . . . . at least in our climate
. . . . . . something you or others with similar problems might
want to try . . . . . .

Regards,

John M. Hammond
Manchester, England

An overcast morning . . . . . . looks like another rainy day . . . . . .

On Saturday, April 3rd, a group of 15 of us left Chattanooga at 7:30 am and
drove to the Atlanta area for a garden tour of private gardens. We were
about 14 days too early for the best bloom, but well rewarded with a few
azaleas in flower and many unique native and exotic shrubs, plus wonderful
landscapes.

We spent the night in LaGrange, GA, and this morning, after a good
breakfast, toured Callaway Gardens. The new Azalea bowl will be spendid in
about ten years as the plants mature, but were still in good color and
condition. I still like the older Azalea Bowl better, because of the large
sizes of the plants and variety.

We did stop by to see Ernest Koone III at his Gardens Delight garden center
in Pine Mountain, and had a nice visit along with a couple of very nice
native azaleas tucked into my truck. We all had a grand time and are making
plans for more tours.

Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a
J. E. Schild
423/842-9686

----- Original Message -----

From: Booper5@...

To: azaleas@yahoogroups.com

Sent: Sunday, April 04, 2004 6:03 PM

Subject: Re: [AZ] Garden Tour

JOe,
glad you had a great trip to the Gardens in Atlanta and Pine Mountain.  Are the azales at Callaway open yet?  I would assume they are about the same as the ones in Atlanta.

next year when you go to that Area for native azaleas, there is another nursery that I understand is worth a trip,  Cason Callaway opened a nursery to sale Native Azaleas and I think it is called Rocky Branch Nursery.... it has something to do with a creek.  It is suppose to be really great.


When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.

To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com

----- Original Message -----

From: Booper5@...

To: azaleas@yahoogroups.com

Sent: Sunday, April 04, 2004 6:03 PM

Subject: Re: [AZ] Garden Tour

JOe,
glad you had a great trip to the Gardens in Atlanta and Pine Mountain.  Are the azales at Callaway open yet?  I would assume they are about the same as the ones in Atlanta.

next year when you go to that Area for native azaleas, there is another nursery that I understand is worth a trip,  Cason Callaway opened a nursery to sale Native Azaleas and I think it is called Rocky Branch Nursery.... it has something to do with a creek.  It is suppose to be really great.


When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.

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Hello Joe - We too toured Callaway yesterday and found the flowers to be
beautiful.  We stopped by to see Ernest Koone also and had a very nice
visit. He told us a group was coming into tour the nursery today. Didn't
know it was your group but I know you had a lovely time. I bought two
azaleas, a white one and an orange one (native).  They were only $12.00 each
and at least 5 1/2 ft tall.
Deloris Smith
Zone 7
Gainesville, GA
----- Original Message -----
From: "Joe Schild" <azaleajoe@...>
To: "azaleaslist" <azaleas@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Sunday, April 04, 2004 5:34 PM
Subject: [AZ] Garden Tour


> On Saturday, April 3rd, a group of 15 of us left Chattanooga at 7:30 am
and
> drove to the Atlanta area for a garden tour of private gardens. We were
> about 14 days too early for the best bloom, but well rewarded with a few
> azaleas in flower and many unique native and exotic shrubs, plus wonderful
> landscapes.
>
> We spent the night in LaGrange, GA, and this morning, after a good
> breakfast, toured Callaway Gardens. The new Azalea bowl will be spendid in
> about ten years as the plants mature, but were still in good color and
> condition. I still like the older Azalea Bowl better, because of the large
> sizes of the plants and variety.
>
> We did stop by to see Ernest Koone III at his Gardens Delight garden
center
> in Pine Mountain, and had a nice visit along with a couple of very nice
> native azaleas tucked into my truck. We all had a grand time and are
making
> plans for more tours.
>
> Joe Schild    Hixson, TN    USDA Zone 7a
> J. E. Schild
> 423/842-9686
>
>
>
>
>
> When you reply to this email, please quote its relevant part(s) only, as
context, and delete the rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
> To unsubscribe, send an email to: azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>

In prior years I used the above subject line to discuss my predicition
for the FFF of a Coral Bells plant I have, so I decided to keep it.
I use the linear regression calculation available in the Excel
spreadsheet with the average monthly temperatures for January, February
and March, and the total precipitation for each month, as 6 independent
variables.  The FFF date is the dependent variable.  Using the data from
a number of years leads to a formula which I applied to the 6 values for
this year to make a prediction, which comes out ... ( drumroll please! )
... April 12!
Unfortunately, looking at the plant and feeling the freezing
temperatures, it seems impossible that it would open that early, but
I'll report back.  A Dayspring is almost ready to pop and a Ganymede
also looks to be ahead of the Coral Bells ( for the first time ), but
we'll see...

Barry ( 10 mi S of DC )

Joe, please recheck the two book prices below.  Are
they hardback and if so how long have they spent in a
rainstorm?  My wife paid something around $65 for the
revised edition of Galle's azalea book.  And I haven't
been able to afford the Holly book.  I need to check
the prices on amazon.com.
Do they grow all the 16 American native azalea species
at Callaway now?
Mike Creel, South Carolina
--- Joe Schild <azaleajoe@...> wrote:
> The early Kurumes are open, but most of the later
> cultivars are not. Since I was last at Callaway,
> they have changed the entrance and it is now on the
> other side of the property. They have turned the old
> entrance center into a garden center, book store and
> gift shop. BTW, they have Azaleas by Galle for
> $18.79 and many other great books at remainder
> prices. Galle's Holly book was like $15.00.
>
> We did not go to Rocky Creek nursery.
>
> Joe Schild
>   ----- Original Message -----
>   From: Booper5@...
>   To: azaleas@yahoogroups.com
>   Sent: Sunday, April 04, 2004 6:03 PM
>   Subject: Re: [AZ] Garden Tour
>
>
>
>   JOe,
>   glad you had a great trip to the Gardens in
> Atlanta and Pine Mountain.  Are the azales at
> Callaway open yet?  I would assume they are about
> the same as the ones in Atlanta.
>
>   next year when you go to that Area for native
> azaleas, there is another nursery that I understand
> is worth a trip,  Cason Callaway opened a nursery to
> sale Native Azaleas and I think it is called Rocky
> Branch Nursery.... it has something to do with a
> creek.  It is suppose to be really great.
>
>
>   When you reply to this email, please quote its
> relevant part(s) only, as context, and delete the
> rest - especially this line and the Yahoo lines.
>
>   To unsubscribe, send an email to:
> azaleas-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
>
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>
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At 3:05 PM -0700 on 4/4/04, Colleen or Henry Gaines wrote
>I was trying to determine the  proper reference for the darker dots
>of color on some of the petals of what I think is a "George Taber"
>Azalea. I initially thought they might be glands. That does not seem
>to be the case. The information presented and the glossary confuses
>me regarding the terms, variation, and variegation.
>Are there "variations" among Azalea flowers and some of these
>"variations " are "variegations" ? The pattern types of the
>variegations are described as "shibori" ?

Thanks for asking us. All good questions, and I'm sorry we have a
confusing writeup. To complicate it a little more, the darker dots on
the upper petal of 'George Lindley Tabor' are usually referred to as
a "blotch". Many azaleas have such blotches.

>I did not see just the term Shibori in the glossary, but a preceding
>statement indicated that Shibori translated as variation, rather
>than variegation.
>I suppose I should just refer to them as"markings".

See <http://www.azaleas.org/azflowers.html#pat>, where I get the
impression that "shibori" translates as "variegation". I think
"shibori" = "variation" = "variegation" = "marking" = "pattern". Or
at least I do not know of any meaningful differences between those
terms, and I tend to use them interchangeably (except not shibori -
see below).

>
>Does the term shibori apply to Satsuki azaleas also?

I think more like "only" rather than "also". In the US we usually
talk about pattern or variation.

>Is there a function of shibori other than insect appeal ?

The color patterns may have started out as an insect appeal
mechanism, and now breeders try to breed blotches and patterns in, or
out, depending on their concept of beauty.

>Thank you.

Thank *you*! Based on your comments, we will clean up the
nomenclature a bit and save others from the confusing terminology.

Regards,
Bob Stelloh