--- Jim Wilce <jim.wilce@...> wrote:
> >I am writing an essay in code-switching in the
> secondary classroom.
> >Why do students code-switch? How can teachers
> utilise code-switching
> >in instruction?
> >Can you recommend any articles or texts?
> >
>
>
> I would recommend three by Ben Rampton:
>
> Rampton, Ben
>  1995 Language Crossing and the Problematisation of
> Ethnicity and Socialisation. Pragmatics
> 5(4):485-513.
> -
>  1999 Deutsch in Inner London and the Animation of
> an
> Instructed Foreign Language. Journal of
> Sociolinguistics 3(4):480-504.
> -
>  2001 Critique in Interaction. Critique of
> Anthropology 21(1):83-107.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been
> removed]
>
>


__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Health - Feel better, live better
http://health.yahoo.com

This is something I give some attention to, however scattershot, in my 1991
dissertation "Opening the Mail: Interpersonal Aspects of Discourse and
Grammar
in Middle Yiddish Letters." (See especially 200ff., 231ff., and 278ff.) The
written texts studied are mostly personal correspondence, much of it between
family members (men and women) who are often also part of a joint business.
There is also at least one rough table/chart. The letters date from
1533-1619.

Andrew Sunshine

-----Original Message-----
From: ludmila96 <ludmila96@...>
To: code-switching@yahoogroups.com <code-switching@yahoogroups.com>
Date: Tuesday, July 30, 2002 6:14 AM
Subject: [code-switching] written codeswitching (again)


>Hi -
>my name is Lida Dutkova-Cope and I teach applied linguistics in the
>English Department of East Carolina University. I am interested in
>community language death, language and identity (my dissertation was
>an ethnolinguistic study of Texas Czechs, their language, culture,
>and community), language contact, and child bilingualism. Code-
>switching comes as part of all these interests. I have much data from
>Americans of Czech descent living in Texas - second to fourth
>generation speakers. Currently I'd like to start working on written
>codeswitching (from English to Czech) by one of my older informants
>and friends, in her letters to me. I e-mailed Laura Callahan today
>who suggested that I join this group. I wonder if any of you know
>about any work on written codeswitching in casual writing. I know of
>M. Stolen's article on written Danish-American occasional songs and
>I've seen many references on codeswitching in fiction and poetry
>(many of them in a bibliography that Laura sent me too), but I have a
>harder time finding anything on written codeswitching in casual
>writing (including shopping lists! :-). I look forward to hearing
>from you.
>
>(Just in case, my e-mail address is dutkovacopel@...)
>
>Thanks, Lida
>
>
>
>To Post a message: code-switching@yahoogroups.com
>To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
>code-switching-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>Web page: http//groups.yahoo.com/group/code-switching
>
>Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
>
>

Hello Everyone,
I don't get a chance to write often, but do read your e-mails.
Having said that, I do have a request. I am doing research on social
and motivational code-switching of Turkish/English bilingual children.
I am in need of data. At this point, I am transcribing recorded
conversations of children.  I have about ten children that I have
recorded.  Some recordings reveal a good deal of code-switch.  Others
are almost all English with very little code-switch.  I feel as though
I may need more data for my research. Does anyone know if data like
this exists anywhere?  Anyway I can get my hands on it?
Thanks
Fazilet Tokel

Submissions related to all areas of study on code-switching are welcomed at
this conference.  Please consider submitting an abstract!

Submit now!!  AAAL 2003 deadline is August 26!

Call for Papers: AAAL 2003

The annual conference of the American Association for Applied Linguistics
(AAAL) will be held March 22-25, 2003 at the Sheraton National Hotel in
Arlington, VA, across the Potomac River from Washington, DC.  Proposals
for presentations related to policy, research, and theory are invited in
any area of applied linguistics. Proposals may be for individual papers,
poster sessions, or colloquia.  The abstract submission and refereeing
process will be paperless this year.  Instructions regarding abstract
preparation and online submission and other aspects of the conference may
be found on the organization's website:

                         www.aaal.org/aaal2003/

Proposals may be submitted online until the deadline of August 26, 2002.
Please join us in Arlington for AAAL 2003!

Richard Schmidt                            Director
MA Program in ESL                          National Foreign Language
PhD Program in SLA                         Resource Center
The University of Hawaii                   Languages, Linguistics & Literature
808-956-2784                               Fax: 808-956-5983
Fax: 808-956-2802                          www.nflrc.hawaii.edu

www.hawaii.edu/sls





Department of French
325 S. Burrowes Building
Penn State University
University Park, PA 16802
e-mail:  mcd15@...
phone:  814-865-6252

Hello, this is a monthly reminder from The Code-Switching Forum.

1) If you are a newcomer to the list, Welcome! We would
appreciate an introduction about your work and/or interests.

2) Replies to messages are distributed directly to the whole
list.

3) You have may select one of these three subscription options
in The Code-Switching Forum web page,
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/code-switching :
-One e-mail per message sent to the list (E-mail)
-One daily e-mail with all messages sent that day (Digest)
-Read the messages on the web only (No Email)

4) Yahoogroups is a commercial site. Adds are attached to
messages.

5) Please use only plain text in your messages, not HTML. Many
people use text-only mail readers.

6) Attachments are not allowed for safety reasons. If you wish
to send a file to the entire list, you may upload it to the
Files section and then inform the list. We have 20MB of storage
space for files. There is also have a Links section.

7) The list is unmoderated. Only the first message by new
members or from unknown addresses is moderated, in order to
detect inappropriate messages. The role of the list managers is
merely technical.

8) Please feel free to invite anyone to join the group. From the
Promote section in the web page, you can copy HTML code about
the group which you can then place in your web page.

9) Distribution lists are not perfect. Messages may be lost
occasionally. It is a good idea to review past exchanges
periodically in the Forum web page.

10) The Forum has no official or preferred language for
messages.

11) A Code-Switching Bibliography Database is accessible at
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/plc/codeswitching/ . The Database
arose from contributions by list members.

11) Useful addresses:
-to send a message: code-switching@yahoogroups.com
-for technical questions: code-switching-owner@yahoogroups.com
-to unsubscribe: code-switching-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com

The Forum Managers,
Eph Tunkle
Carsten Otto

> Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 06:44:32 -0000
> From: "zozeman" <zozeman@...>
> Subject: Code switching in classrooms
>
> I am writing an essay in code-switching in the secondary classroom.
> Why do students code-switch? How can teachers utilise code-switching
> in instruction?
> Can you recommend any articles or texts?
>
>

Check Monical Heller's "Language choice, social institutions, and symbolic
domination" Language in Society, 1995, v. 24:373-405 on a French-English
situation in Canada.


Benjamin Bailey
Department of Communication
Machmer Hall, Room 410, UMass-Amherst
Amherst, MA  01003-9278
(413) 545-2522

In addition to the work by Rampton, there's been a lot of research done
around the world on CS in classrooms, both by teachers and students.  Here
are references for a couple of good review articles that will give you lots
more references to follow up on if you want.

Cheers,
Lisa Seidlitz

Martin-Jones, Marilyn.  1995.  Code-switching in the classroom:  Two decades
of research.  In Lesley Milroy and Pieter Muysken, eds.  One speaker,
two languages:  Cross-disciplinary perspectives on code-switching.

Martin-Jones, Marilyn.  2000.  Bilingual classroom research:  A review of
recent research.  Language Teaching 33:  1-9.



******************************************
Was it a waterfall, or was it pushed?
Lisa Seidlitz, M.A., ABD
Department of Germanic Studies
University of Texas at Austin

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Fazilet, I've forwarded your message to
<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Turkish-FL> and you might get some
help from that list. If Dutch is any help, you might try to get hold
of Anneli Shaufeli's thesis of a few years ago, for example.
Unfortunately, she hasn't produced anything after that and don't know
where she is. Funding cuts for such research in the Netherlands or
anywhere else to blame, I guess.

--- In code-switching@y..., Fazilet Tokel <tokelfa@m...> wrote:
> Hello Everyone,
> I don't get a chance to write often, but do read your e-mails.
> Having said that, I do have a request. I am doing research on
social
> and motivational code-switching of Turkish/English bilingual
children.
> I am in need of data. At this point, I am transcribing recorded
> conversations of children.  I have about ten children that I have
> recorded.  Some recordings reveal a good deal of code-switch.
Others
> are almost all English with very little code-switch.  I feel as
though
> I may need more data for my research. Does anyone know if data like
> this exists anywhere?  Anyway I can get my hands on it?
> Thanks
> Fazilet Tokel

The Research Centre for Linguistic Typology (at La Trobe University,
Melbourne, Australia) invites inquiries from suitably qualified linguists
concerning applying for a Postdoctoral Fellowship on the documentation of
an endangered language.

Applicants should have a PhD in linguistics, with training in basic
linguistic theory and some experience of language description.

Two types of Fellowships are available: (1) LaTrobe University Postdoctoral
Fellowship, (2) a Fellowship under the Endangered Languages documentation
programme, financed by the Lisbet Rausing Charitable Fund.

Interested scholars should write to Professor Aikhenvald with a CV and
details of their experience and research interests.


Professor Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, FAHA
Associate Director
Research Centre for Linguistic Typology
Institute for Advanced Study
La Trobe University
Bundoora, Vic
Australia 3083

e-mail a.aikhenvald@...

phone:  61-(0)3-9467-3079 Uni
	 61-(0)3-9455-0020 home

fax  61-(0)3-9467-3053

Petek, Thank you so much for the information and for forwarding my e-
mail.  I will look at Anneli Shaufeli's thesis.  Any help is welcomed.
Regards,
Fazilet

----- Original Message -----
From: linguaffix <pkurtboke@...>
Date: Friday, August 9, 2002 3:27 am
Subject: [code-switching] Re: Turkish/English code switch

> Fazilet, I've forwarded your message to
> <" target="l">http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Turkish-FL> and you
> might get some
> help from that list. If Dutch is any help, you might try to get
> hold
> of Anneli Shaufeli's thesis of a few years ago, for example.
> Unfortunately, she hasn't produced anything after that and don't
> know
> where she is. Funding cuts for such research in the Netherlands or
> anywhere else to blame, I guess.
>
> --- In code-switching@y..., Fazilet Tokel <tokelfa@m...> wrote:
> > Hello Everyone,
> > I don't get a chance to write often, but do read your e-mails.
>
> > Having said that, I do have a request. I am doing research on
> social
> > and motivational code-switching of Turkish/English bilingual
> children.
> > I am in need of data. At this point, I am transcribing recorded
> > conversations of children.  I have about ten children that I
> have
> > recorded.  Some recordings reveal a good deal of code-switch.
> Others
> > are almost all English with very little code-switch.  I feel as
> though
> > I may need more data for my research. Does anyone know if data
> like
> > this exists anywhere?  Anyway I can get my hands on it?
> > Thanks
> > Fazilet Tokel
>
>
> ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------
> -~-->
> 4 DVDs Free +s&p Join Now
> http://us.click.yahoo.com/pt6YBB/NXiEAA/Ey.GAA/GP4qlB/TM
> -------------------------------------------------------------------
> --~->
>
> To Post a message: code-switching@yahoogroups.com
> To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
> code-switching-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
> Web page: http//groups.yahoo.com/group/code-switching
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to
> http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
>
>
>

Anastase, you've probably solved your practical problem by now and
don't need another view on data collection. I'm only catching up now,
sorry. My postgrad student has had a similar problem in Cyprus
recording villagers over 45 years of age who wouldn't sign the
consent form. This is a cultural thing and when people are asked to
sign a piece of paper they think they'll be liable in the future. It
was simply a letter written by me as the supervisor saying that we
would use the recordings for research purposes and asked them to sign
the bottom if they agreed. None of them did. But they were happy to
be recorded without any written agreement. We then deleted
the 'please sign the bottom if you are willing to participate' bit,
and let them keep the letter. Maybe you could do something like this
if your department produces a similar letter explaining what the
recordings are for.
Good luck
Petek

--- In code-switching@y..., Nizeyimana Anastase <nanastase@y...>
wrote:
>
> Dear C.S. Yahoogroups members,
>
> I am doing  academic research on code switching and gender and my
sample is limited to the National University of Rwanda in Butare
town. I am now facing a practical problem of getting their acceptance
to be recorded - probably because of culture bound reasons. On the
other hand, recording them without their consent is considered as
unethical. Since C.S. mainly occur in informal speeches and since
they are refusing to offer their hand in getting recorded, can anyone
suggest me how I may overcome this dilemmatic situation? I would
really be grateful!
>
> Yours sincerely,
>
> Anastase NIZEYIMANA
>
>
>
> ---------------------------------
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Tax Center - online filing with TurboTax
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

We had the experience of applying to the Committee on Human Subjects
for some research on children's peer interaction in China.  The researcher,
who is Chinese himself, explained that if we asked for consent, the
parents would assume we only were doing that because it was extremely
dangerous and people should be warned.  The committee gave a waiver
on using the forms.



-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Susan M. Ervin-Tripp                     tel (510) 642-5292, 642-7137
Professor Emeritus                       FAX (510) 642-5293
Psychology Department               ervintrp@...
University of California
http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~ervintrp/
Berkeley CA 94720
***********************************************************************

Dear C.S. Yahoogroups members,

I've been working on 'code-switching' and 'code-mixing' in religious discourse
in a south Asian country. Could you please let me know where I can get
information especially graphic data relating to the issue.

My presupposition is that code-switching' may be offensive in many speech
communities when it comes ot religious context. I'll be thankful to obtain
feedback and information about references.

For references I've surfed the net with very little help.

Thank you.

Sincerely yours,

Steve Austin



---------------------------------
Do You Yahoo!?
HotJobs, a Yahoo! service - Search Thousands of New Jobs

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Forgive me if I am repeating something someone else might've already say (I
just lost a few e-mails).

In working with Nigerians, I have found a similar reluctance to be recorded for
a number of interesting reasons about which I can only half-guess.
Nonetheless, I managed to do some recording anyway by asking a titled close
friend in my network if I could interview him and talk about having recorded
him in public.  This worked and many people consented to be interviewed.
During interviews, I also collected code-switching data as people walked in and
out of the room.  I collected code-switching data also by walking around public
events with the tape recorder on and visible.  That the recorder was visible
constituted an ethics of consent as far as I think is reasonable, and believe
me, people asked about it! Furthermore, I think also recording in public in
large groups gives people less anxiety and they do indeed break out into little
groups and talk in such a way that one can get some great data.

That people will ask about your project is an important opportunity to expand
the base of people whom you might record.  For example, after an initial
blunder or two I didn't bother to explain any interest in code-switching
because it makes people self-conscious and it invariably caused the few
individuals I mentioned it to, to lament the "loss" of "pure" Igbo, Yoruba,
etc. or to mention how "poor" their English was.  Rather, I began to discuss my
research in far more general terms, saying that I wanted to document how such a
creative and funny and sophisticated group of talkers used language everyday as
Nigerians and as ethnics.  That went over well and also aided interest in my
project.

Women were harder to obtain consent to record, even though I am also female. I
remain unsure why and I also believe that when I did get women's speech, it was
in instances when they entirely forgot I had a tape-recorder.  This of course
means that I got performances in the Hymesian sense and I got angry
discussions; those performances have code-switching to be sure, but do not lend
well to variation analysis.

But Anastase, although I got somewhat different material than I had set out
for, it was all very interesting, very unusual and very good to work with.
Good luck.  Your work sounds very important and I know you will find a way to
carry it forward.

Rachel

Rachel R. Reynolds
Assistant Professor
Department of Culture and Communication
Drexel University
3141 Chestnut Street (Bldg 47)
Philadelphia, PA  19104


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear Steve Austin/Shahedul Haque:

I have an article on code-switching in South Asia in religious
contexts that addresses the issue of its offensiveness:

Wilce, James
	 2000 The Poetics of "Madness": Shifting Codes and Styles
in the Linguistic Construction of Identity in Matlab, Bangladesh.
Cultural Anthropology 15(1):3-34.

There is also an edited volume coming out soon that contains a
chapter in which I address a related topic, shifting modes or
instrumentalities (from speech to song or singsong).
Wilce, James M.
	 2002 Tunes Rising From the Soul and Other Narcissistic
Prayers: Contested Realms in Bangladesh. In Everyday Life in South
Asia. D. Mines and S. Lamb, eds. Bloomington: Indiana University
Press.

Best,

Jim


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

i am a senior stud of De La Salle University in the Philippines.i
would like to ask some theories that is related to code-switching,
specifically those that can answer to the factors that trigger people
to code-switch. thanks!

ive got the same issue in mind as hangmanspage22. id prefer a web site address
for the answer. thanks.
  hangmanspage22 wrote:i am a senior stud of De La Salle University in the
Philippines.i
would like to ask some theories that is related to code-switching,
specifically those that can answer to the factors that trigger people
to code-switch. thanks!


Yahoo! Groups SponsorADVERTISEMENT

To Post a message: code-switching@yahoogroups.com
To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
code-switching-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
Web page: http//groups.yahoo.com/group/code-switching

Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.



---------------------------------
Do You Yahoo!?
HotJobs, a Yahoo! service - Search Thousands of New Jobs

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

I want information about Bengali-English code-switching and code-mixing. I am
especially interested to know about the effects of them in Bengali speech
communities in Bangladesh.
Thanks.
Sincerely,
Steve Austin




---------------------------------
Do You Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Autos - Get free new car price quotes

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

hello!i would like to ask some comments on the following materials i
took from a book.These were written by Filipino writers who also have
something to say regarding code-switching.Anyway,my thesis
concentrates on code-switching between English and Filipino (language
in the Philippines) as how they affect our school's senior students.

Pascasio (1977)wrote:
Since Philippine vernaculars are presently undergoing lexical
development,code-switching and language mixing occur frequently among
Filipino bilinguals, since these serve to facilitate
communication.While he may have to grope for expressions in one
language to convey an experience or an idea,a bilingual can
effortlessly express the idea by mixing patterns from different
languages.To the Filipino-English bilingual,combined English and
Filipino,rather than English and Filipino features has become a
natural way for speaking and expressing ideas more explicitly.Where
Pilipino lacks a more precise term,English is used to fill the gap
and vice-versa.

Alegra (1992) on Philippine culture:
There came a time when English could no longer guide me with
understanding our culture.I started mixing English and Tagalog
(another term for the Filipino language) to explain basic concepts
like our personal pronouns and our sense of self.I discovered that
the listeners understood the explanations faster and better with such
an admixture.They too were products of our own biased-against-us,
biased-against-an-understanding-of-our-own-selves education.In
effect,I was then using an informal level of language to explicate
formal concepts.

Thank you!

Hi there,

this could be interesting to some of you / us as they're talking about
the "use of more than one language", don't they?!

Cheers
Carsten Otto
***********************************************

     Here's the beginning of a New York Times (August 17, 2002) article
on
Verlan, or 'backwards' French.

     The URL:

     http://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/17/arts/17SLAN.html?pagewanted=1

     Backward Runs French. Reels the Mind
     By Alexander Stille

     Those who have studied French but haven't been in France for a
while may find themselves confused when they overhear conversations
that sound familiar but remain largely incomprehensible. Gradually
they may realize, or some kind soul may explain, that what they are
hearing is a popular slang called Verlan in which standard French
spellings or syllables are reversed or recombined, or both.

     Thus the standard greeting "Bonjour, ca va?" or "Good day, how are
you?"  becomes "Jourbon, ca av?" "Une fete" (a party) has become "une
teuf"; the word for woman or wife, femme, has become meuf; a cafe has
become feca; and so on.

Producer: Bernadette Chato
Phone: 907-258-8895
E-mail: nnn@...
Fax: 907-258-8805

REPORTERS AND PRODUCERS:
General calls should be placed to 907-258-8895.
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
National Native News (NNN) is a weekday, five-minute newscast,
produced by Koahnic Broadcast Corporation in Anchorage, Alaska.
NNN is a headline news service dedicated to Native American issues
and events that compiles spot news reports from around the country.
NNN is the first and oldest Native-produced, daily Native radio
newscast that is nationally distributed.
The program is uplinked on the Public Radio Satellite System twice
daily: at 1:01 P.M. ET and distributed by AIROS; and at 5:30 P.M. ET
and distributed by Public Radio International. A live audio stream of
NNN is available on the Internet at Koahnic's web site (www.knba.org)
at 11:30 A.M., 1:01 P.M. and 4:06 P.M. ET.
RULES, COMPENSATION AND FEES
*   NNN uses only spot news stories; it does not purchase
     features.
*   NNN either accepts story pitches from reporters and/or gives
     assignments to reporters.
*   NNN will only accept a pitch for a news story that a reporter
     has not pitched or sold to a competitor.*
     NNN will not accept work from a reporter who is featured on a
     competitor's program(s).*
*   News stories purchased become the property of NNN.
     Reporters are not paid residuals for additional use of their
     work. NNN does not pay for travel expenses.
*   The pay scale starts at $45.00 (forty-five dollars) per news
     story and goes to a maximum of $50.00 (fifty dollars). When
     submitting for the first time, be sure to submit your SSN,
     mailing address and phone number(s). NNN uses a biweekly
     pay schedule.
*A competitor is one who produces similar programming as defined in
NNN's
Program Description above.
EDITS
NNN edits EVERY submission before it is accepted for broadcast.
Scripts must be e-mailed (bchato@... and nnn@...)
or faxed to the producer prior to an edit. Edits are conducted either
by
e-mail or telephone. Story length should range from 40 to 65 seconds,
plus a host lead. If possible, stories should be uploaded to our
Internet
FTP site (call to get the FTP address) or via ISDN or Switch 56.
Telephone feeds will be accepted if that is the only means.
Submissions are only accepted AFTER an edit and with the approval
of the NNN producer.
PHRASING
*   NNN prefers the term "Native American(s)," but will accept the
     term "Indian(s)" if it is appropriate.
*   When using the words, "Native American(s)" or "Indian(s),"
     they should be used as adjectives whenever possible, not as
     nouns (do not say, "¦the Indians claim¦"). The word "Indian"
     can be eliminated when referring to a particular reservation, for
     example "Navajo Reservation," instead of "Navajo Indian
     Reservation."
*   Be careful not to generalize when using the terms, "Native
     American(s)" or "Indian(s)." A tribal reference is always more
     accurate - i.e., "¦a Cherokee man from Oklahoma¦," "¦the
     Menominee Tribal Chairman¦," or "¦a Lakota tribal member
     from Pine Ridge..."
*   Always try to use a tribe's name, for example "¦remains of a
     Shawnee burial site¦," instead of "¦native remains were
     found¦"
*   Be sure to use a tribe's correct name; some have changed
     from "Tribe" to "Nation," others have not
*
*
Denise McVea
Communications Fellow
Indian Law Resource Center
602 N. Ewing Street
Helena, Montana 59601
(406)449-2006
(406)449-2031 fax
www.indianlaw.org

Hello,

Verlan is in fact quite old in France, even if this latest trend dates
back to the 70's I think ('laisse beton' by Renaud f ex). And it is a
slang system used in may other languages ie from Japanese to English
('backslang' as for 'yob').
It is though funny to see that not all words in French can go through
this verlan process, it is not that simple !
F ex, I have never heard 'jourbon, ca av ?'. Quite strange. In fact the
only word in 'bonjour, ca va ?' usually used in verlan... is the only
one the journalist of the NYT let as it was. 'Ac' (prononced as 'ass')
is usual in verlan for 'ca', but not the others. But verlan is a quickly
changing system as you may be aware of the process from 'arabe' to
'beur' and then back to 'rob/reub(eu)', etc. But here again the meaning
of the verlan forms are not exactly identical to the standard ones as
'meuf' is different from 'femme' (nuance), 'beur' to 'arabe' (meaning).
I think the best book on current (spoken) French is 'comment tu
tchatches !' by Jean-Pierre Goudaillier, Maisonneuve et Larose.

Regards from Tokyo, Yann

hangmanspage22 wrote:

>Pascasio (1977)wrote:
>Since Philippine vernaculars are presently undergoing lexical
>development,code-switching and language mixing occur frequently among
>Filipino bilinguals, since these serve to facilitate
>communication.While he may have to grope for expressions in one
>language to convey an experience or an idea,a bilingual can
>effortlessly express the idea by mixing patterns from different
>languages.To the Filipino-English bilingual,combined English and
>Filipino,rather than English and Filipino features has become a
>natural way for speaking and expressing ideas more explicitly.Where
>Pilipino lacks a more precise term,English is used to fill the gap
>and vice-versa.

I would say that's quite a normal and typical situation. Speakers have
integrated speech repertoires from which they draw in order to communicate
efficiently in a variety of contexts. The 'explanation' that "bilinguals"
"resort to"  "another language" in order to "fill a lexical gap" may just
be the linguist's construction of the speaker's non-reflexive practices.

Celso Alvarez Cáccamo
lxalvarz@...
www.udc.es/dep/lx/cac

In my experience the main "triggers" are
1. Original language of reported discourse "me dijo que "I am sick of
this" etc.
2. Cultural "markers to show identity to a certain group (in the
Mexican-American context this is usually the ocassional "ándale"
thrown in to purely English discourse.
3. Humorous references, literal translations for comic effect.
4. Words with no easy equivalent: "a bunch of something" which in
Spanish can have many translations

...That is all I can think of but I would be eager to see your work


--- In code-switching@y..., "hangmanspage22" <hangmanspage22@y...>
wrote:
> i am a senior stud of De La Salle University in the Philippines.i
> would like to ask some theories that is related to code-switching,
> specifically those that can answer to the factors that trigger
people
> to code-switch. thanks!

Hi Everyone,
Some time ago, I along with a few others were looking for articles and
books on code-switching of children.  I have a great site for all to
view as I believe some of you may already have.
http:mmetsnt.sas.upenn.edu/scripts/codeswitch/browseentry.asp?recno=1
I hope you find what you need.
Fazilet Tokel

From: Julia Ulrich <Julia.Ulrich@...>

International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
(IRAL)

Editors: Peter Jordens and Eric Kellerman
ISSN 0019-042X

IRAL ONLINE
Online access is now available to all institutional subscribers of the
print version at no extra charge. To register for free online access,
please contact us at o-journals@... for more information.

Volume 40 Number 3, 2002


JOAQUIM CAMPS
Aspectual distinctions in Spanish as a foreign language: The early
stages of oral production

SATOMI MISHINA-MORI
Language differentiation of the two languages in early bilingual
development: A case study of Japanese/English bilingual children

YUN XIAO
The syntactic development of school-age Chinese-speaking children
learning English

For subscription information please contact the publisher:
Mouton de Gruyter
Genthiner Str. 13
10785 Berlin, Germany
Fax: +49 30 26005 222
e-mail: orders@...

Journals and titles published by Mouton de Gruyter can be ordered via
the World Wide Web at: http://www.degruyter.com

Evolution Publishing is pleased to announce publication of the
following volume from the American Language Reprints (ALR) series:

Volume 26:

Minor Vocabularies of Tutelo and Saponi
Edward Sapir and Leo Frachtenberg, 1913

This edition collects a number of small but valuable examples of
the Virginia Siouan languages. It includes two small vocabularies
of about 50 words each by Edward Sapir and Leo Frachtenberg, both
published in 1913. Also included are 7 translated Saponi
place-names collected by William Byrd on the Virginia-North
Carolina border in 1728, and 2 words of Moneton or Tomahitan
obtained by Abraham Wood during an expedition into southern West
Virginia in 1674.

July 2002 ~ 61 pp. ~ clothbound ~ ISBN 1-889758-24-8 ~ $28.00

Evolution Publishing is dedicated to preserving and consolidating
early primary source records of Native and early colonial America
with the goal of making them more accessible and readily available
to the academic community and the public at large.

For further information on this and other titles in the ALR series:

http://www.evolpub.com/ALR/ALRhome.html

Evolution Publishing
evolpub@...

Hello,

The provisional program for the II University of Vigo International
Symposium on Bilingualism (SIB2002), October 23-26 2002, is available at:

http://www.uvigo.es/webs/ssl/sib2002/

Quite a few papers on code-switching.

Please do not contact me about the Symposium -- I am not one of the organizers.

-celso

Celso Alvarez Cáccamo
lxalvarz@...
http://www.udc.es/dep/lx/cac/
Assembleia da Língua:
http://br.groups.yahoo.com/group/assembleia-da-lingua

Hello, this is a monthly reminder from The Code-Switching Forum.

1) If you are a newcomer to the list, Welcome! We would
appreciate an introduction about your work and/or interests.

2) Replies to messages are distributed directly to the whole
list.

3) You have may select one of these three subscription options
in The Code-Switching Forum web page,
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/code-switching :
-One e-mail per message sent to the list (E-mail)
-One daily e-mail with all messages sent that day (Digest)
-Read the messages on the web only (No Email)

4) Yahoogroups is a commercial site. Adds are attached to
messages.

5) Please use only plain text in your messages, not HTML. Many
people use text-only mail readers.

6) Attachments are not allowed for safety reasons. If you wish
to send a file to the entire list, you may upload it to the
Files section and then inform the list. We have 20MB of storage
space for files. There is also have a Links section.

7) The list is unmoderated. Only the first message by new
members or from unknown addresses is moderated, in order to
detect inappropriate messages. The role of the list managers is
merely technical.

8) Please feel free to invite anyone to join the group. From the
Promote section in the web page, you can copy HTML code about
the group which you can then place in your web page.

9) Distribution lists are not perfect. Messages may be lost
occasionally. It is a good idea to review past exchanges
periodically in the Forum web page.

10) The Forum has no official or preferred language for
messages.

11) A Code-Switching Bibliography Database is accessible at
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/plc/codeswitching/ . The Database
arose from contributions by list members.

11) Useful addresses:
-to send a message: code-switching@yahoogroups.com
-for technical questions: code-switching-owner@yahoogroups.com
-to unsubscribe: code-switching-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com

The Forum Managers,
Eph Tunkle
Carsten Otto

I got this virus and it may have been sent on to all of you.  Please check
your computers!  So sorry!

Angie
-----Original Message-----
From: StanFlyFsh@... [mailto:StanFlyFsh@...]
Sent: Wednesday, September 04, 2002 2:30 PM
To: StanFlyFsh@...
Subject: Important Virus Warning


I do hope I didn't give this to you but I could have so am sending along
what I received from the person who gave it to me....The virus (called
jdbgmgr.exe) is not detected by Norton or McAfee anti-virus systems. The
virus sits quietly for 14 days before damaging the system. It is sent
automatically by messenger and by the address book, whether or not you sent
e-mails to everyone. I followed his instructions and deleted it, but it has
probably been passed on to everyone in my address book (which means you).

I am therefore giving you the exact instructions and information given to
me, and I urge you to follow them and get rid of the virus. Seems it lays
dormant for 14 days, so there is plenty of time. The message follows:

Here is how to check for the virus and to get rid of it. Very simple.

YOU MUST DO THIS:
1. go to start, find or search option.
2. in the file/folders option, write the name jdbgmgr.exe
3. be sure to search your Cdrive and any other drives you may have.
4. click "Find now".
5. the virus has a teddy bear icon with the name jdbgmgr.exe
DO NOT OPEN IT !!!!!!!!!!!!!
6. go to edit. choose "select all" to highlight the file without opening it.
7. now go to file and select delete. It will then go into recycle bin.
8. go to recycle bin and delete it there as well. Select all, permanently
delete,etc.

IF YOU FIND THE VIRUS YOU MUST CONTACT ALL THE PEOPLE IN YOUR ADDRESS BOOK
SO THEY CAN ERADICATE IT IN THEIR OWN ADDRESS BOOK.

Sorry about this. I am pretty sure everyone in my address book will have
it. To send this message to everyone in your address book:

1. open to new email message.
2. click the photo of address book next to "TO"
3. click every name and add it to "BCC"
4. copy this message, paste to email, enter subject and send.
It takes only 5 minutes to do this if you follow the instructions as
written.

Here is another virus warning that you may want to heed!!

FOR THOSE THAT DON'T KNOW, "WTC" STANDS FOR THE WORLD TRADE
CENTER......WHICH MAKES THIS VIRUS REALLY DANGEROUS BECAUSE PEOPLE WILL
OPEN IT RIGHT AWAY.....THINKING ITS A STORY RELATING TO 9/11

BIGGGG TROUBLE !!!! DO NOT OPEN "WTC Survivor"  It is a virus that will
erase your whole "C" drive. It will come to you in the form of an E-Mail
from a familiar person!!

I would rather receive this 25 times than not at all. So if you receive an
email called "WTC Survivor" do NOT open it!!

Delete it right away! This virus removes all dynamic link
libraries (.dll files) from your computer.

PLEASE FORWARD THIS MESSAGE TO OTHERS !!!

Stan Erickson


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]