I suggest dealing with the problem in four ways.

1.  Carrots:  Education *- what you seem to be asking about, and there are
probably myriad ways to do so including brochures, classes, living examples
(e.g., terrariums, etc.).  This could help reduce the problems as it would
manage the 'demand,' but my guess is that education alone would a) not eliminate
the problem as some people may not care, or even participate in the educational
efforts; and b) probably produce the desired results fairly slowly.

2.  Hammers: Regulations and policies * have whatever governing bodies develop
ordinances, and enforce them.  Probably fairly immediate, but perhaps not happy
campers!

3.  Diversions:  Provide alternative sources of woody materials so that users do
not have to use the 'natural' source.

3.  Supplementation:  Replace scavenged downed wood with imported materials
(desirability questionable since it probably would not be able to provide the
full range of dead wood processes and there may be concerns regarding importing
associated pest species?).

Brad

>>> "John Hatto" <jhatto@...> 03/01/05 11:13 PM >>>

Hi
As a new member I want to briefly introduce myself before seeking advice.
I am a retired H&S Engineer and am now furthering my lifelong interest in
wildlife by running a Stag Beetle project in London's largest Royal Park
(Richmond Park - 1000 hectares) which was enclosed in 1637 and preservers
many species, habitats and features of a 17th century Royal deer park.

We see the Stag Beetle as a flagship species for the dead wood communities
in park and woodland and are working on leaflets and programmes to that
end.  For more information on this project see
http://www.jwhs.co.uk/SB/RPSBP.html which is a web site aimed at the
public so expressed in simple terms.

Being in a major urban area, Richmond Park is accessible to millions and 4
million visitor come for many different reasons each year.  Although the
site has statutory protection we will still have problems and one of
these, I am looking for help with, is the desire by many to build dens.
This activity means that much lying dead wood is constantly disturbed and
as the South East of England is getting less rain, particularly in the
summer, the wood dries out so increasing the rate of change of that
habitat and also providing some people with an easy opportunity to start
fires.  We are hoping to get a visitor centre but for now our options are
rather limited.

Please can you suggest ways we can help people appreciate the value and
beauty of dead wood.

Regards
John

Using Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/m2/



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post messages, subscribe/unsubscribe, change how you receive posted messages,
view archived messages, see who are the members, and view and post to a calendar
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literature.

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Yahoo! Groups Links

Hi
As a new member I want to briefly introduce myself before seeking advice.
I am a retired H&S Engineer and am now furthering my lifelong interest in
wildlife by running a Stag Beetle project in London's largest Royal Park
(Richmond Park - 1000 hectares) which was enclosed in 1637 and preservers
many species, habitats and features of a 17th century Royal deer park.

We see the Stag Beetle as a flagship species for the dead wood communities
in park and woodland and are working on leaflets and programmes to that
end.  For more information on this project see
http://www.jwhs.co.uk/SB/RPSBP.html which is a web site aimed at the
public so expressed in simple terms.

Being in a major urban area, Richmond Park is accessible to millions and 4
million visitor come for many different reasons each year.  Although the
site has statutory protection we will still have problems and one of
these, I am looking for help with, is the desire by many to build dens.
This activity means that much lying dead wood is constantly disturbed and
as the South East of England is getting less rain, particularly in the
summer, the wood dries out so increasing the rate of change of that
habitat and also providing some people with an easy opportunity to start
fires.  We are hoping to get a visitor centre but for now our options are
rather limited.

Please can you suggest ways we can help people appreciate the value and
beauty of dead wood.

Regards
John

Using Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/m2/

A Closer Look At Trees Video by Dr. Shigo is available again.

http://www.treedictionary.com/DICT2003/ACLOOK.html

Sincerely,

John A. Keslick, Jr.
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman
Beware of so-called TREE EXPERTS who do not understand TREE BIOLOGY!
www.treedictionary.com
Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us
that we are not the boss.
Some people will buy products they do not understand and not buy books that
will give them understanding.

Please consider adding some links to your sites.


KESLICK AND SON MODERN ARBORICULTURE
My resume is at http://www.chesco.com/~treeman/educat.html

Here are some links you may consider adding to your site.  They are case
sensitive.

1. Techno Tree Biology Dictionary
http://www.treedictionary.com . Look up "logging".

2. Articles written by DR. ALEX L. SHIGO, one of the foremost authorities
worldwide on tree systems today online at
http://www.treedictionary.com/DICT2003/shigo/index.html

3. Literature Available by DR. SHIGO is here:
http://www.treedictionary.com/DICT2003/treeinfo.html

4. Hard to get Documents
http://www.treedictionary.com/DICT2003/hardtoget/index.html


If you have any suggestions please let me know.  610-864-5251

John A. Keslick, Jr.
Tree Biologist
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman
Beware of so-called TREE EXPERTS who do not understand TREE BIOLOGY!
Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us
that we are not the boss.

Here's a news story that may be of interest to members of this list:

http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200501/s1287335.htm

Simon Grove





`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com

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Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
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Dear All,

Does any one of you have information on Tarsostenus univittatus
(Coleoptera: Cleridae)? I found some of this insects in some wood
samples, maybe predating on wood borers.

Any information on this insect will help me.

Regards,

John Pulgarín


John Alexander Pulgarín Díaz
Museo Entomológico
Francisco Luis Gallego
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Medellín

Basics From http://www.chesco.com/~treeman/SHIGO/CANKER.html
Is wood really dead?A poor understanding of wood in living trees is a major
part of the confusion.  The great mass or size of trees is the next problem.
To study wood, small pieces were taken into a laboratory and examined under
the microscope. Wood anatomy was born; not tree anatomy!  The information
was valuable because products from wood were so important to economics.
Further, because wood products were dead, and wood under the microscope was
dead, soon wood was considered as a dead substance in living trees.
Remember, in the laboratory the wood was fixed -killed and prepared -before
being sliced for observation under the microscope.  Forest products
interests for economic reasons was so high because forests were thought to
be endless.  Products research and university studies and research on wood
products were the major activities associated with trees.  Tree biology
never had a chance.
Trees are living organisms!  As living systems, trees do respond in order to
survive when their survival is threatened.  So simple. So extremely
difficult to get accepted!  Why?  Because if you accept this simple fact
then you must throw out mountains of data and treatments - really myths -
based on trees that have dead wood.

Sincerely,

John A. Keslick, Jr.
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman
Beware of so-called TREE EXPERTS who do not understand TREE BIOLOGY!
www.treedictionary.com

Okay, I'll take a stab at it because the question is if real value and I
would like to see if this generates some comment that might help to
clarify things.

"Dead Wood" is asymplastic and nonapoplastic woody material.  That is,
it lacks functional xylem and phloem.

There are of course problems associated with the word 'dead,' both
because of the ambiguities associated with this term in the context of
functional xylem and because of the abundance of living organisms
utilizing this resource.

The term 'dead wood' is really a linquistic convenience which when used
generates a good common understanding of the resource being referred
too.  However, it also has connotations that reduce the value of this
resource in the eyes of the general public.  That is, 'dead' means
'useless.'  In the current literature we commonly call downed dead wood
as Coarse Woody Debris (CWD).  Unfortunately the term 'debris' has the
same connotations as 'dead.'

I recall that a few years back there was some discussion on this list
(initiated by Torgersen?) directed toward finding a better term with
which to describe this resource.  I can't recall the specifics so
perhaps someone with a better memory could assist here.  Was there
agreement that the terms, "downed woody resources" was more appropriate
for CWD and "standing woody resources" more appropriate for snags?

anyone want to jump in here?

Rob


Robert J. Higgins, B.Sc., M. Sc.
Biology
University College of the Cariboo
Suite 303-383 Oliver Street
Williams Lake, BC
V2G  1M4

Ph. (250) 392-8176
FAX (250) 392-4984

AND

Robert J. Higgins, PhD Candidate
Natural Resources and Environmental Studies
University of Northern British Columbia
3333 University Way
Prince George, BC
V2N 4Z9
Research WebPage:
http://www.cariboo.bc.ca/schs/biol/FacPgs/rhiggins/
>>> "John A. Keslick, Jr." <treeman@...> 11/01/04 4:48 PM >>>

Someone please define dead wood.

Sincerely,

John A. Keslick, Jr.
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman
Beware of so-called TREE EXPERTS who do not understand TREE BIOLOGY!
www.treedictionary.com




Information about the Dead Wood Ecology and Management Discussion List
can be found at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dead_wood. From this web
site you can post messages, subscribe/unsubscribe, change how you
receive posted messages, view archived messages, see who are the
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wood web site links, and a listing of recent literature.

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Someone please define dead wood.

Sincerely,

John A. Keslick, Jr.
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman
Beware of so-called TREE EXPERTS who do not understand TREE BIOLOGY!
www.treedictionary.com

Hello All,

Can any one help me findig this articles?
A pdf copy will help me too much.


WOOD, S. L. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central
America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Provo: 1982.
1360 p. (The Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 6)

LAWRENCE, J. F.; NEWTON, JR., A. F. Families and subfamilies of
coleoptera (with selected genera, notes, references and date on
family-group names). Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, 1995.
1006 p.

DELOBEL, A. ; TRAN, M. Les Coléoptères des denrées alimentaires
antreposées dans les régions chaudes.  Paris: Orstom., 1993. 410 p.

BLETCHLY, J. D. A review of factors affecting ambrosia beetles attack
in trees and felled logs. Empire Forestry Review, v. 40, n. 1, p. 13-
18, 1961.

BANDEIRA, A. G. et al. Insetos pragas de madeiras de edificações em
Belém – Pará. Belém:  EMBRAPA/CPATU, 1989. 24 p. (Boletim de
Pesquisa, 101)

ANDERSON, D. M. et al. Chaves Ilustradas para coleópteros adultos e
larvas (Coleoptera) encontrados
associados com madeiras em portos de entrada. Tradução Amauri M. J.
Rodrigues. Brasília: MA/SDA/DDIV. 1996.



John Pulgarin

John Alexander Pulgarín Díaz
Museo Entomológico
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Medellín

Here's a BBC News online article about dead wood in European forests.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3946273.stm

The WWF report in question is located here

http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/forests/news/news.cfm?uNewsID=1589
0

If that link fails to work, the main page is

http://www.panda.org/

and dead wood is highlighted on it.

Regards,


John Parminter, RPF
Research Ecologist
Research Branch, Ministry of Forests
PO Box 9519 Stn Prov Govt
Victoria BC Canada V8W 9C2

Phone: (250) 356-6810
Fax:     (250) 387-0046

mailto:John.Parminter@...

Website:  http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hre/

Dear People involved with trees.

Web Site on Logging and TREE BIOLOGY
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman/sound

Why do people spend a fortune on tree treatments they do not understand, yet
will not spend a couple of dollars on literature to help them understand?
  (  http://www.chesco.com/~treeman/treeinfo.html )
--
Sincerely,

John A. Keslick, Jr.
Tree Biologist
http://www.chesco.com/~treeman
Beware of so-called TREE EXPERTS who do not understand TREE BIOLOGY!
www.treedictionary.com


----- Original Message -----
From: "Simon Grove" <simon.grove@...>
To: <dead_wood@yahoogroups.com>; <saproxylic@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, October 14, 2004 7:57 PM
Subject: [dead_wood] Information on impacts of fuelwood harvesting


>
> Dear colleagues
>
> In Tasmania's native wet eucalypt production forests, there are
> currently proposals to increase the harvest volumes ('reduce the
> wastage') by harvesting a proportion of what used to be called 'residue'
> but which ecologists call coarse woody debris.  The aim is to use this
> in a wood-fired power station which would feed into the electricity
> grid.
>
> Our concerns about this practice will be obvious to members of this
> discussion group, but justifying our concerns to those with a more
> 'utilitarian' vision of forests is proving difficult.  What I would like
> to know is, are you aware of any research that has looked at this issue
> from an ecological perspective in other parts of the world?  And if so,
> how has it been resolved, or hasn't it?
>
> Our forests have huge natural volumes of CWD, which is why harvesting
> some of it is so appealing to the 'utilitarians'.  But my feeling is
> that the biodiversity associated with CWD here will have evolved
> alongside these large volumes, so we can't say that it's OK to take most
> of it because there will still be plenty left.  Because of the naturally
> high volumes of CWD, many of our species are likely to have very low
> powers of dispersal, which is why we have proposed prescriptions that
> retain CWD on every forestry coupe.  The 'utilitarians' would rather
> rely on the formal and informal reserve system to ensure the survival of
> CWD dependent biodiversity across our forestry landscape: it would make
> forestry (and fuelwood harvesting) much simpler.
>
> If you have any views on this that can help us frame ideas for maximum
> effect, please let me know.
>
> Thanks
>
> Simon Grove
>
>
>
>
>
> `'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,
>
> Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
> Biology and Conservation Branch,
> Division of Forest Research and Development
> Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
> Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
> Email:  simon.grove@....
> Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
>  http://www.warra.com
>
> This transmission is intended solely for the person
> or organisation to whom it is addressed.
> It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
> If you have received this transmission in error,
> you may not use, copy or distribute it.
> Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
> and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
> We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
> Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
> that this transmission is virus-free.
>
>
>
>
> Information about the Dead Wood Ecology and Management Discussion List can
be found at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dead_wood. From this web site you
can post messages, subscribe/unsubscribe, change how you receive posted
messages, view archived messages, see who are the members, and view and post
to a calendar of events, a listing of dead wood web site links, and a
listing of recent literature.
>
> Post message: dead_wood@yahoogroups.com
> Subscribe:  dead_wood-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
> Unsubscribe:  dead_wood-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
> List owner:  dead_wood-owner@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by The CCIS.net MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.
>
>

Dear colleagues

In Tasmania's native wet eucalypt production forests, there are
currently proposals to increase the harvest volumes ('reduce the
wastage') by harvesting a proportion of what used to be called 'residue'
but which ecologists call coarse woody debris.  The aim is to use this
in a wood-fired power station which would feed into the electricity
grid.

Our concerns about this practice will be obvious to members of this
discussion group, but justifying our concerns to those with a more
'utilitarian' vision of forests is proving difficult.  What I would like
to know is, are you aware of any research that has looked at this issue
from an ecological perspective in other parts of the world?  And if so,
how has it been resolved, or hasn't it?

Our forests have huge natural volumes of CWD, which is why harvesting
some of it is so appealing to the 'utilitarians'.  But my feeling is
that the biodiversity associated with CWD here will have evolved
alongside these large volumes, so we can't say that it's OK to take most
of it because there will still be plenty left.  Because of the naturally
high volumes of CWD, many of our species are likely to have very low
powers of dispersal, which is why we have proposed prescriptions that
retain CWD on every forestry coupe.  The 'utilitarians' would rather
rely on the formal and informal reserve system to ensure the survival of
CWD dependent biodiversity across our forestry landscape: it would make
forestry (and fuelwood harvesting) much simpler.

If you have any views on this that can help us frame ideas for maximum
effect, please let me know.

Thanks

Simon Grove





`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com

This transmission is intended solely for the person
or organisation to whom it is addressed.
It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
If you have received this transmission in error,
you may not use, copy or distribute it.
Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
that this transmission is virus-free.

Dear Members,

Does any one knows some articles in the web about Xyleborus?
Any help will be appreciated.

Thanks for your answer and reply,

John P.

John Alexander Pulgarín Díaz
Museo Entomológico
Francisco Luis Gallego
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Medellín

26.  My point is as follows:  See that plane flying above?  Is it dead or
alive?  The answer is "yes".   See that fallen or standing symplastless
tree?  Is it alive or dead?  Again, "yes".  In contrast, a symplastless tree
or log includes a considerable number of living cells, as much 35% of the
biomass may be live fungal cells (Franklin, Shugart and Harmon, 1987, pg
551).  I.e., internally.  KEY WORD "BIOMASS"

27.  We have no word for a substance that is both living and dead - wood,
soil (Shigo, 1999, #214 pg 34).

28.  Trees connect living and dead cells in ways so that the dead parts
still benefit the entire tree (SHIGO, 1999).

29.  Here are some points regarding this topic.  Surely there is much more.

30.  We document that a large symplastless tree is not a wasted resource;
indeed, it continues to function as an important part of a terrestrial or
water system, either while remaining on the site at which it once grew, or
by becoming a structural part of an aquatic or marine habitat. We aim to
help anyone interested in perpetual forest productivity to understand the
importance of large, symplastless woody debris. The book develops certain
principles and ideas in sequence from the forest to the sea (Maser, Tarrant,
Trappe and Franklin, 1988).

31.  Fallen trees harbor a myriad of organisms, from bacteria and
actinomycetes to higher fungi.  Of these, only some of the fungi might be
noticed by the causal observer as mushrooms or bracket fungi.  These
structures, however, are merely the fruiting bodies produced by mold
colonies within the log.  Many fungi fruit within the fallen tree, so they
are seen only when the tree is torn apart. Even when a fallen tree is torn
apart, only a fraction of the fungi present are noticed because the fruiting
bodies of most appear only for a small portion of the year.  The smaller
organisms, not visible to the unaided eye, are still important components of
the system (Maser and Trappe, 1984, pg16-par 5).

32.  The flow of plant and animal populations, air, water, and essential
elements between a fallen tree and its surroundings increases as
decomposition continues (Maser and Trappe, 1984, pg 12).

33.  Fallen trees offer multitudes of both external and internal habitats
that change and yet persist through the decades.  One needs an understanding
of the synergistic affects of constant small changes within a persistent
large structure to appreciate the dynamics of a fallen tree and its function
in an ecosystem (Maser and Trappe, 1984, pg 17-par 1).

34.  The so called symplastless, still standing, tree still continues to
serve several natural functions important to many groups of organisms of the
once fertile forest or tree system.

35.  Eventually the tree falls:  the wood is in contact with the soil, again
providing another unique ecological situation. Some species such as American
chestnut would have served ecological system survival duties for 50 years or
more (SHIGO, 1969).

36.  As fallen trees progress from decay class I to class II, the scavengers
are replaced by competitors with the enzyme systems needed to decompose the
more complex compounds in wood. The fungi involved in this activity are
often mutually antagonistic, so that a given part of the tree may be
occupied by only one fungus that excludes others by physical or chemical
means (Maser and Trappe, 1984).   (We call this altered area a niche)

37.  Bacteria are very small. They do big things (Shigo, 1999, #216 pg34)

38.  Free-living bacteria in woody residues and soil wood fix 30-60% of the
nitrogen in the forest soil. In addition, 20% of soil nitrogen is stored in
these components (Harvey et al. 1987). Harmon et al. (1986) reported that
CWD accounted for as much as 45% of aboveground stores of organic matter.
Symplastless wood in terrestrial ecosystems is a primary location for fungal
colonization and often acts as refugia for mycorrhizal fungi during
ecosystem disturbance (Triska and Cromack 1979; Harmon et al. 1986; Caza
1993) (Voller and Harrison, 1998).

39.  Franklin, et. al. (1987) pg 551 states - With the large array of
organisms present in the decaying log, it may be more "alive" than a living
bole.  In addition to being the habitat of decomposer organisms,
symplastless trees provide critical habitat for sheltering and feeding a
variety of animal species.

40.  Conclusion:  What purpose and need is there that biomass be classified
as dead?  Although the symplast may have died completely, the structure
still continues, most of the time as a biomass.  To claim to be removing
just "dead" "non-functional" mass during logging operations, is based on
false premise, i.e., that the biomass is dead.  Symplastless and symplast
containing trees are linked together in the living machinery of a forest
(Maser, Tarrant, Trappe and Franklin, 1988).
----- Original Message -----
From: "john_pulgarin" <japulga0@...>
To: <dead_wood@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 29, 2004 4:58 PM
Subject: [dead_wood] the meaning of dead wood


> Dear All,
>
> Where can I find some info in decomposed wood?, when it is cataloged
> as dead or live wood?
> What is the difference between xylophagous and saproxylophagous
> organism? Or What is the meaning of "dead wood"?
>
> Regards,
>
> John Alexander Pulgarín
> Museo Entomológico
> Francisco Luis Gallego
> Universidad nacional de Colombia
> Medellín
>
>
>
>
>
> Information about the Dead Wood Ecology and Management Discussion List can
be found at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dead_wood. From this web site you
can post messages, subscribe/unsubscribe, change how you receive posted
messages, view archived messages, see who are the members, and view and post
to a calendar of events, a listing of dead wood web site links, and a
listing of recent literature.
>
> Post message: dead_wood@yahoogroups.com
> Subscribe:  dead_wood-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
> Unsubscribe:  dead_wood-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
> List owner:  dead_wood-owner@yahoogroups.com
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> This message has been scanned for viruses and
> dangerous content by The CCIS.net MailScanner, and is
> believed to be clean.
>
>
>

http://www.treedictionary.com/DICT2003/SOUND/whatitis/index.html




----- Original Message -----
From: "john_pulgarin" <japulga0@...>
To: <dead_wood@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, April 29, 2004 4:58 PM
Subject: [dead_wood] the meaning of dead wood


> Dear All,
>
> Where can I find some info in decomposed wood?, when it is cataloged
> as dead or live wood?
> What is the difference between xylophagous and saproxylophagous
> organism? Or What is the meaning of "dead wood"?
>
> Regards,
>
> John Alexander Pulgarín
> Museo Entomológico
> Francisco Luis Gallego
> Universidad nacional de Colombia
> Medellín
>
>
>
>
>
> Information about the Dead Wood Ecology and Management Discussion List can
be found at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dead_wood. From this web site you
can post messages, subscribe/unsubscribe, change how you receive posted
messages, view archived messages, see who are the members, and view and post
to a calendar of events, a listing of dead wood web site links, and a
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Dear All,

Where can I find some info in decomposed wood?, when it is cataloged
as dead or live wood?
What is the difference between xylophagous and saproxylophagous
organism? Or What is the meaning of "dead wood"?

Regards,

John Alexander Pulgarín
Museo Entomológico
Francisco Luis Gallego
Universidad nacional de Colombia
Medellín

Anyone interested in the state of research and management of dead wood
in Tasmanian forestry may care to take a look at the following web page,
and the link to the pdf file therein (but note that the pdf file, which
is from a PowerPoint presentation, is nearly 2 Mb and may take some time
to download):

http://www.forestrytas.com.au/forestrytas/pages/research_lunch_talks_grove.htm

Simon Grove





`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com

This transmission is intended solely for the person
or organisation to whom it is addressed.
It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
If you have received this transmission in error,
you may not use, copy or distribute it.
Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
that this transmission is virus-free.

I am forwarding this message from the University of Tasmania in case
there are members of this discussion list from Canada, Chile, the Czech
Republic, Denmark, Sweden, the UK or the US who would like to consider
applying for a scholarship to come to Tasmania to carry out research for
a higher degree.  My interest is in attracting students to continue our
collaborative work with the University on coarse woody debris, old trees
and saproxylic organisms (many such projects appear on the Warra LTER
site web page, at www.warra.com).  So if this appeals, please contact me
as well as checking out the scholarships web page mentioned in the
message below.  I am not employed by the University but collaborate on
research related to forest management and conservation issues.

Note that the University's invitation is open to anyone with the right
credentials, so if your interests go beyond what I have written here
then by all means check out the web page but DON'T contact me about it!

Regards

Simon Grove

`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com


---------------------------------------------


	 Know students in any of the following countries who would like
to do a research program at UTas - Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Sweden, United Kingdom or the USA?

	 Applications are now open for the Thomas Crawford Memorial
Scholarship, offered as a result of a bequest to the University of
Tasmania by the late Mr Crawford.
	 The Crawford Scholarship provides an
	 APA stipend for three years;
	 international course fees; and
	 a relocation allowance.

	 The research scholarship provides opportunities only for
students from the countries listed above to study at the University.
	 Thomas Crawford was a US citizen who studied at the University
in the 1960s.  He developed a deep affection for Tasmania and made
many
friends here.  He was so impressed with the knowledge he gained from
the
University, he established a scholarship to fund students with strong
academic credentials from countries he nominated so that they too
could
benefit from studying here.
	 The closing date for applications is 30 June each year.
	 Application details are on the Tasmania Scholarships page on
the
web at www.scholarships.utas.edu.au  There is a link on the
scholarships
home page
	 Further information is available from the Tasmania Scholarships
Office on 6226 2879 or email Tas.Scholarships@...

	 Can you help?
	 Please help to advertise the scholarship for the University.
If
you know of potential students or have academic colleagues in any of
the
listed countries, why not forward details of the Thomas Crawford
Memorial Scholarship to them?

	 Your help will be appreciated.


	 Regards


	 Eoin


	 Eoin Breen
	 Senior Project Officer
	 Ph: (03) 6226 2879
	 Fax: (03) 6226 2018
	 Mob: 0407 876 319

This transmission is intended solely for the person
or organisation to whom it is addressed.
It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
If you have received this transmission in error,
you may not use, copy or distribute it.
Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
that this transmission is virus-free.

Does any one have information in how this articles should be
referenced?

Methods of culturing Lyctidae (Coleoptera)
Bundesanstalt  für Materialprüfung, Berlin-Dahlem
Fachgruppe "Biologische Materialprüfung"
By Helmut Kühne
Pags. 141-156.

Studies on autoecology of Lyctus brunneus (Stephens)
IV. Investigations on the composition of artificial diest for Lyctus
brunneus (Stephens) (Col., Lyctidae)
By Ryûtarô Iwata and Koichi Nishimoto
Wood Research institute, Kyôto Univertsity, Kyôto, Japan
Pags. 51-66.

Ydraulic Spray Applications of Insecticides for the Cointrol of Slash
Pine Cone and Seed Insects
By Edward P. Merkel
Naval Stores and timber Prduction Laboratory
Olustee, florida
Pags. 1-7.

Effectiveness of Lindane-EDB mixtures on Japanese pine trees for the
chemical control of the wood boring  beetles.
Seiroku Sakai
(Dep. Biology & Chemistry, Daito Bunka University, Takasaka, Saitama,
Japan.)
Bulletin opf Daito Bunka University (1968): Received on 1st October,
1967.
Pags. 1-10.


John Alexander Pulgarín
Museo Entomológico
Francisco Luis Gallego
Universidad nacional de Colombia
Medellín

Dear All

I am a PhD student currently working on saproxylic beetle fauna in Tasmania,
Australia, and I was wondering if anybody had any information on the lifehistory
of the species 'Ancyttalia tarsalis' (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which has
emerged from decomposing Eucalyptus obliqua logs. It shows some strong
associations toward mature age unlogged forests. I can't seem to find any
information about this species. I'd appreciate any information related to
feeding, microhabitat type etc etc.
cheers

Marie Yee, BSc (Hons) Ph.D. candidate
CRC Sustainable Production Forestry
University of Tasmania
GPO Box 252-12
Hobart, Tasmania 7001
(03) 6226 7990 (w)
(03) 6226 7942 (fax)

STRENGTH IN DIVERSITY
The 22nd International Congress of Entomology
15-21 August, 2004
Brisbane, AUSTRALIA

There's an interesting article on dead wood and invertebrates in the UK
in the Guardian newspaper, available online at
http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/opinion/story/0,12981,1176785,00.html.

Enjoy

Simon Grove




`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com

This transmission is intended solely for the person
or organisation to whom it is addressed.
It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
If you have received this transmission in error,
you may not use, copy or distribute it.
Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
that this transmission is virus-free.

Hi everyone,

Firstly I would like to introduce myself.  I am a PhD student in
Australia studying the decomposition dynamics of Eucalyptus coarse
woody debris, and its carbon release to the environment.

I have a problem with coding the double-exponential decay model into
the statistical package S-PLUS.  If anybody out there has done this
analysis with S-PLUS, please contact me, as I need help with the
coding.  [I am using the nls and nlme commands with the coding: ~w*exp
(-k1*t)+(1-w)* (-k2*t)].  I have no problems with the single-
exponential model, but cannot get the double-exponential model to
work.


Cheers
Eddie Webber

Dear listmembers

In August I am co-convening a symposium at the International Congress of
Entomology in Brisbane (Australia), on 'insect biodiversity and dead wood' (see
the website at http://www.ccm.com.au/icoe/home/default.htm).  Papers from the
symposium will be published together by the USDA Forest Service Southern
Research Station.

I intend to present a paper (the last one in the symposium) on 'a research
agenda for insects and dead wood'.  I have some ideas on what I would include in
such a paper, having been working in this area for a few years.  But I felt it
might be a fresher paper if I sought input from others with an interest in this
field, hence this email.  If you have any bright ideas on what are important but
perhaps neglected research areas that really need addressing if we are to
progress our understanding of saproxylic insects and their management, anywhere
in the world, then I would be very pleased to hear from you.  If you come up
with ideas that I hadn't considered, and I end up including them in the paper,
then you will of course be duly acknowledged.

Other list members may also be interested in research ideas, so I suggest
posting responses to the list rather than just to me.

Thanks for your anticipated input!

Simon Grove





`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com


This transmission is intended solely for the person
or organisation to whom it is addressed.
It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
If you have received this transmission in error,
you may not use, copy or distribute it.
Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
that this transmission is virus-free.

Dear deadwooders

We are trying to get a better understanding of the decay dynamics of Eucalyptus
obliqua CWD in our Tasmanian cool wet sclerophyll forests, so we can get our
(very) long-term management of these forests in order.  These forests have some
of the highest volumes of CWD in the world (typically 600-1200 m3/ha).  We know
logs take a long time to decay here, but we don't know how long and the
historical record in these forests doesn't go back far enough to guide us.  A
further complication is that the disturbance dynamics of these forests are
complex, consisting of intermittent wildfires, occasionally stand-replacing, and
probably a steady trickle of treefalls in intervening years/decades.

We have been trying the chronosequence approach, and a doctoral student working
with us recently sampled CWD from clearfelled coupes because we could be sure of
the year in which the log hit the ground.  However, clearfelling only started in
the 1960's, and when we plot density loss against time it's as easy to fit a
horizontal straight line (i.e. no density loss over the past forty years) as it
is to fit an exponential decay curve.  If we do fit a decay curve, we get a
t0.95 of 319-676 years (depending on which logs we exclude).  This doesn't fit
with our expectations - we anticipated something closer to 200 years - but it's
the only 'hard' scientific data we now have, so unless we find a better way this
is what we'll have to use for our modelling.  It's possible it's because
clearfelled, non-harvested logs are exposed to a hot burn after felling, which
may sterilise the log and slow down initial decay.  It may also be because
clearfelled logs are derived from living trees, whereas natural logs may mostly
come from the eventual collapse of standing dead trees, which would already be
partly decayed when the hit the ground.  But then again, logs in natural forest
exposed to wildfires might be expected to be periodically burnt too, though
probably not to the same extent as in a clearfell, while a proportion of natural
logs should also emanate from living trees rather than standing dead trees.

I'm wondering if anyone can recommend any other techniques that might help us? 
We have two main problems: (1) not being able to date the year of death of logs
older than the 1960's'; and (2) not being sure whether the density
loss/chronosequence method will ever work, even if we overcome problem 1. 
Regarding the first, are there any techniques to date the year of death of logs,
for instance using chemical ratios or even isotopes?  We have considered looking
at the structure and composition of surrounding vegetation instead to give an
indication of time since last wildfire, but this is very approximate and doesn't
allow for the log having been there since before the last wildfire. Regarding
the second problem, are there any workable alternatives to the density
loss/chronosequence approach?  I have read a bit about using respiration as a
measure of decay rates (e.g. using slaked lime), but have been put off by the
fact that rates measured over short periods (hours or days) are often considered
unrealistically rapid.  There is also the issue of how to bag up some of these
logs, which can be huge.

Anyway, if anyone has any suggestions, I'd be keen to hear them.

Thanks for your time

Simon Grove





`'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,_,.-:*'``'*:-.,

Dr Simon J Grove, Conservation Biologist,
Biology and Conservation Branch,
Division of Forest Research and Development
Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Tel. 61 3 6233 8141.  Fax 61 3 6233 8292.
Email:  simon.grove@....
Web addresses: http://www.forestrytas.com.au/
  http://www.warra.com


This transmission is intended solely for the person
or organisation to whom it is addressed.
It is confidential and may contain legally privileged information.
If you have received this transmission in error,
you may not use, copy or distribute it.
Please advise us by return e-mail or by phoning 61 3 62338203
and immediately delete the transmission in its entirety.
We will meet your reasonable expenses of notifying us.
Despite our use of anti-virus software, Forestry Tasmania cannot guarantee
that this transmission is virus-free.

Dear All,

I'm delighted to inform that I've already received several positive answers
to my appeal concerning the revision of the deadwood book. I didn't really
expect such a swift and enthusiastic reaction and willingness to help.
Thanks so much to those who have already written me and those who were
going to write!

With best greetings,

Andrzej

Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2004 09:59:45 +0100
To: dead_wood Moderator <dead_wood-owner@yahoogroups.com>
From: Andrzej Bobiec <abobiec@...>
Subject: English revision of the deadwood textbook needed

Dear Deadwood Folks,

 

My name's Andrzej Bobiec and I'm an editor of the English version of the deadwood text book by J. M. Gutowski, K. Zub, P. Pawlaczyk and myself. The book will consist of about 140 pages of text, 230 photographs (colored, very good quality) and numerous schematic pictures. The Polish version of the text has received very good reviews of eminent ecologists (prof. J.B. Falinski, among others). WWF-Poland decided to publish the book shortly (both Polish and English versions). I have already translated the text, but of course, it requires a thorough and professional revision by an English native speakers (either British or American English).

 

Is there anybody on the dead_wood list who would volunteer it? In return, the reviewer would be mentionend as "an English consultant" or "reviewer", as well as mentioned in Acknowledgements. He/she would receive at least 10 free copies of the book.

 

Beneath I paste the book contents and summary.

 

I will be very obliged for any positive feedback.

 

Best greetings to all,

 

Andrzej Bobiec

Chair to Society for Protection

of the Bialowieza Primeval Forest

(www.topb.most.org.pl)

A second life of tree

 Dead wood: reservoir of life in forest

 

  Jerzy M. Gutowski, Andrzej Bobiec, Pawe Pawlaczyk, Karol Zub

 

Contents

 

1. introduction

   1.1. How long do trees live?

   1.2. What is wood?

2. origin and balance of dead wood

   2.1. Dead wood in forests

   2.2. Dead wood in parks and groves .................................................................

3. life after death

   3.1. Stages and consequences of dying of trees

   3.2. How do dead trees revive? Colonisation of dead trees and dead wood 4. Dying and dead wood in living forest

   4.1. Dying and dead wood as a life habitat

      4.1.1. Vertebrates

      4.1.2. Invertebrates.

      4.1.3. Algae, bryophytes, liveworts, and vascular plants

      4.1.4. Fungi

      4.1.5. Slime molds

      4.1.6. Lichens

   4.2. From the forest fuel to stream course modification

      4.2.1. Forest “fuel”

      4.2.2. Stocking organic matter

      4.2.3. Carbon and nitrogen accumulation

      4.2.4. Dead wood as a water reservoir

      4.2.5. Role of dead wood in tree regeneration

      4.2.6. Dead trees stabilising mountain slopes

      4.2.7. Role of dead wood in surface water retention and stream course modification

4.2.8. Role of uprooting and dead wood in soil processes

5. DEAD WOOD IN FOREST PROTECTION AND NATURE CONSERVATION

    5.1. Dead wood in forests – time to revise the ideas

    5.2. Dead wood and nature conservation

6. DEAD WOOD IN SCIENCE AND ECONOMY

7. WOOD AS RAW MATERIAL

8. resume

 appendices................................

8. resume

 

Dead wood in forests, i.e. standing dead trees and shrubs, snags, stumps, old trees with dying boughs and cavities, lying logs, branches, etc. are, in consequence:

-         great species richness of fungi, plants and animals,

-         higher landscape diversity and tourist appeal,

-         positive influence on site (soil, forest litter),

-         better water retention in the ecosystem,

-         protection against erosion,

-         source of indispensable in the forest elements (carbon, nitrogen, calcium, etc.) and energy,

-         facilitating and conditioning the regeneration of trees,

In the light of the listed above functions, dead wood in forests, contrary to current opinions, is not “an incubator” where “pests” and diseases are hatching. It is primarily an indispensable element of the ecosystem, conditioning its natural, biological resistance and securing a natural dynamic equilibrium of the forest (fig. 39). Wood should not be extracted from the forests revealing primeval characteristics (e.g. in old-growth stands), since they are irreplaceable as a bank of biological diversity and a model, where we can observe and investigate natural processes, learn from nature so as to mimic her in managed forests. Wood extraction in protected areas – national parks and nature reserves – should be banned. As the managed forests are concerned, a portion of stands should be left without harvesting as well as a certain amount of dead wood should not be removed in order to perpetuate the suitable conditions for saproxylic organisms.

            Below, we present all our postulates in the following conclusions and the table of quantitative and qualitative norms related to dead wood in various types of forest.

 

Conclusions:

1.      The quantity of wood left in forests should be as large as possible. In the ecosystem dead wood is not less important than living trees or shrubs. Utilising CWD, e.g. as a fuel, can bring a bigger damage to the forest ecosystem than felling a living tree.

2.      The CWD resources should reflect the diversity of living stand, considering species composition and size structure. Securing continuity of CWD supply, especially of large size debris is a very important matter. In particular, dead trees larger than 40 cm of DBH should be left for they play a key role in preservation of numerous endangered species.

3.      In the close-to-natural forests, especially in national parks and in nature reserves, no dead or dying trees (shrubs) should be removed and the quantity of CWD should entirely depend on the course of natural processes.

4.      All remnants of natural or semi-natural forests in Poland should be maintained without human intervention. Natural processes do not threaten the durability of forests!

5.      One should stop felling dead trees and removing dead wood in the forest reserves under a partial protection regime. In case of necessity of intervention, trees should be killed e.g. by girdling, but left without further manipulation such as barking.

6.      In wet forests, such as marshy coniferous forests, alder swamps and riparian forests, as well as in high elevation spruce forests, even if not designated legal protection, all DWM (logs, uprooted trees, etc.) should be left for they condition efficient regeneration of trees and in the mountains, additionally, they prevent erosion.

7.      Wood harvest in commercial forests should not take place during the growing season. Wood that has not been removed in time should be left in the forest until its complete decomposition; trees or snags left in the forest should not be felled, barked or sawed into sections.

8.      Regardless the felling system* [Felling system – complex of regulations related to timber harvesting, aimed to establish optimal conditions for tree regeneration and achieve a demanded stand composition and structure; we distinguish clearcut, shelterwood, group cutting and selective cutting systems.], 5-30% of trees on every forestry felling area should be retained until natural death and complete decomposition. Selected for preservation trees should well represent species composition and DBH diversity of the felled stand. In the case of a large scale clearcut (simultaneous felling of all trees on the surface up to 4 hectares, usually followed by planting new trees), selected trees should be retained in clusters, covering undisturbed ground layer.

9.      In case of sanitary cutting, trees with bracket fungi, potential places of future hollows – so important for fauna conservation, should not be removed.

10.  It is recommended to retain as much organic matter as it is possible; during improvement cutting (thinning), extraction of wood should take place only if economically justifiable.

11.  The slash residues should not be burned or piled up. It should be retained randomly scattered on the forest floor.

12.  Stumps should not be barked. It can be exceptionally tolerated in coniferous monocultures, threatened by the massive outbreaks of cambio- and xylophages.

13.  In the case of cutting off the trunk of an uprooted tree, the root plate should be prevented from falling back to the crater.

14.  The volume of dead wood in all managed stands older than 50 years should not be lower than 5-10% of the living trees volume and CWD should reflect the stand’s species composition and size structure.

15.  One should secure the presence of the flowering forest plants, especially representing umbellifers, Rosaceae and Compositae, in the neighbourhood of stands with dead wood (e.g. through retention of inner-forest meadows, suitable mowing, keeping roadsides open, etc.). Such plants provide food to imagines of numerous saproxylic species.

16.  It is very important to retain all hollow trees in plantings and parks. The hollows of such trees should never be cleaned from mould being an environment to rare stenotopic species of invertebrates. “Curing” old trees should be constrained to few trees of a cultural significance, but it should exclude any interference in rotted wood microhabitats.

17.  In the designs of parks one should secure the presence of lying logs and, at a certain safe distance from alleys, also standing dead trees.

18.  An aggressive educational campaign showing the role and significance of dead wood should target broad society, in particular children and youth as well as the conservation service and forestry administration.

19.  Further studies of multiple unknown aspects of dead wood and its role in ecosystems are badly needed.

   I. Methods of qualitative and quantitative dead wood assessment .......

   II. Educational workshop: “What are dead trees for?”

 

Hi people!

I`m a new member of this dicussion list. I`m biologist from Brazil
working at IBAMA ("Brazilian Institue of Environment") and developing
my MS (Magister Scientiae in Entomology) Monograph with Ciidae
beetles. My project will be realized in Pará State (Amazonic rain
forest) and I study in Federal University of Viçosa (Brazil/Minas
Gerais State).

I`ve been working with Ciidae since year 2000 mainly in behaviour and
taxonomy. Now my interest is in ecology using Ciidae for bioindicator
in neotropical region.I have some coleagues here that works with
sistematics of this group and provide me help.

Your works (list members) are my references and I hope that this list
could be a great chance for learning. I`m ansious!

Thanks!
Fabiano Gumier Costa.
PS: Please, don`t repair in my English ... I`m always learning.

Wildlife /Danger Tree Assessor's course for Parks and Recreation Sites

A new manual has been posted that describes the procedures for assessing
wildlife and danger trees in Parks and Recreation sites in BC.

http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfp/wlt/wdtac.htm







Jeff Stone
Southern Interior Forest Region, Ministry of Forests
515 Columbia Street
Kamloops, British Columbia V2C 2T7 Canada

Telephone: 250-828-4171  Fax: 250-828-4154
Email: jeff.stone@...

Dear ALL


Does anyone have access to the next publications? (none of the
libraries here has it)

I am doing some research on xylophagous insect  and I am
interested in getting a copy of:

BRICENO, A.; MAYORCA, L. DE. Laboratorio Nacional de Productos
forestales, Merida (Venezuela). Insectos taladradores de la madera
encontrados en las especies recolectadas por el Laboratorio Nacional
de Productos Forestales, 13 p.

SOUSA, N.J. avaliacao do grau de infestacion de insectos em madeira
esocada no municipio de Sao Mateus do sul-pr. Revista do Sector de
Ciencias Agrarias. 16 (1-2): 63-68, 1997.


Best wishes,

John Pulgarín
Museo Entomologico
Francisco Luis Gallego
Universidad Nacional de Colombia