Hello Rodney,
I found that it's nearly impossible to summarize one set of reading
into 100-200 words! I have to skip a lot of points then.
And how about if a particular reading got two topics? Still count it
as one or two?
Wai
‘Regions’
are the places where we perform and where we prepare for our performances. The
idea of ‘regions’ is easy to understand if you imagine a theater. In a theater
you have the ‘stage’ where the performance takes place, and you have
‘backstage’ where the actors put on their costumes and make-up andrehearse their routines. In the same way, in
real life, you can divide places into those where you are ‘performing’ and those
where you preparing for your performance.
‘Onstage’
regions include public places like classrooms, restaurants, MTR trains, shops,
etc. Certain regions in your flat can also be onstage too (typically the living
room) if people are visiting your home. Backstage places are more private, like
toilets, your bedroom, etc. They are places where you let down your front and act more ‘natural’, where you
get dressed, look at yourself in the mirror and check your appearance, put on
your make-up, and so forth.
What
makes a region an onstage or a backstage region is not so much the place
itself but whether or not an audience is present. Even a very public place can
be like backstage if you think nobody is watching you. Similarly, a private
place can become onstage if an ‘audience’ enters it. It is also important to
remember that not everybody counts as an ‘audience’. As you remember, we said
that we perform in ‘teams’, and so a ‘team member’ is not really the same as an
audience. A ‘team member’ is really a fellow actor in your performance who is
cooperating with you to promote your line. So it is typical to invite other
team members into our backstage regions, and we treat our team members
differently when we are with them backstage. For example, we may criticize our
team members backstage in ways that we might not when we are on stage.
In Goffman’s dramaturgical
approach to interaction, we use fronts
to perform roles. When we perform
these roles, we try to maintain and promote a certain line. Our line
is basically ‘ourversion of reality’, our idea about what’s
going on.
It is easy to confuse the
notion of role and the notion of line. Role
is basically the general ‘type’ of character we are playing (such as
a teacher, a soldier, a student or a pop singer). Line is much more
specific. It includes the attitude we take up towards ourselves and our
performance of this role, the attitude we take towards other people, and the
attitude we take towards the situation.
The idea that we want to
‘promote’ our line. Is very
important. So we can say that the role
that Tung Che Hwa plays is that of the Chief Executive of Hong Kong. He uses
his office, his car, his suit, his smile, etc. as his front in order to play this role. The line that he is promoting includes what he
believes is good or bad for Hong Kong, how he sees our relationship with China
and other countries, his policies, his ‘agenda’. As a politician, his main job
is trying to sell his line to the
people who elect (or ‘select’) him.
A similar situation can be
seen with your boyfriend. He is playing the general role of a boyfriend. He may
use flowers, candy, smiles, kisses and romantic words as his front.His line is basically the
kind of relationship he is trying to promote. Some boyfriends may want to
promote a very serious relationship with you, and others might want to promote
a more casual one. The problem, of course, comes when your line is different from his.
Line can also be see in relation to strorylines, a concept we talked about
when we talked about positioning.
Just as fronts are usually
‘selected’ rather than created, that is, there are a number conventionalized fonts that we tend to choose from
(conventionalized ways to play a teacher, a soldier, a student or a pop
singer), there are also a number of conventionalized lines that people choose from. Tung Chee Hwa did not make up
his policies all by himself. He appropriated his line from other people (partly the Chinese government;
partly the business community). Similarly, your boyfriend did not make up his line all by himself.It is
based on some conventionalized idea of love or relationships between boys and
girls which he learned from TV, movies, comic books, his parents or other
sources in the society. So lines
essentially come from cultural storylines.
So, to sum up, your line the version of who you are, who the other person or people are, and what is going on that you try to ‘sell’ to
the other people. If they ‘buy’ (accept) your line, then things go smoothly.
But if they challenge your line, then you might have to either defend your line
or change your line.
still haven't heard any news about your assignment. Can you resend it to me?
-----Original Message-----
From: 50204176@... [mailto:50204176@...]
Sent: Saturday, April 01, 2000 1:02 AM
To: interactional-sociolinguistics@egroups.com
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] - project matter
Hi Rodney,
i have sent you the assignment on Mondy but until now i still haven't
got your reply. Please send me an email tolet
me know!! Thank You!! Have a good weekend!!
Emilly Chan
5020417
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Hi Rodney,
i have sent you the assignment on Mondy but until now i still haven't
got your reply. Please send me an email tolet
me know!! Thank You!! Have a good weekend!!
Emilly Chan
5020417
; name=""
Content-Transfer-Encoding: BASE64
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Well, pragmatics is part of interactional sociolinguistics and I think I now
the book you are talking about. It is mostly things like conversational
maxims (like we talked about last year( and 'speech act theory') which we
only talked about briefly when we talked about positioning.
Pragmatics is really the study of HOW WE DO THINGS WITH WORDS. It is very
popular in England, and last year the lecturer who taught interactional
sociolinguistics mainly taught pragmatics. What I teach is maybe more
American style interactional sociolingusitics based on work done by people
like Goffman, Deborah Tannen and Ron Scollon. You might want to visit Ron
Scollon's homepage or even send him and email if you want to know the
difference between his work and pragmatics. He's a really nice guy and used
to teach at city u.
In fact, you can email almost all the people whose articles you have read
like Debroah Tannen and Rom Harre. They are all very happy to hear from
students. Unfortunately u can't email Goffman coz he's dead.
r
Rodney Jones
Department of English
City University of Hong Kong
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
----- Original Message -----
From: "Wai" <kinwai2000@...>
To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
Sent: Tuesday, March 28, 2000 8:34 PM
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] A book
> Hi Rodney,
>
> I found a book in the bookstore of cityU recently, name is "pragmatic".
> Is it a good book that worths to spend time on?
>
> Wai
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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If the e group prompts you for a password when you try to get into the
vault, then you can submit your email and it will send you a
registration number that you can use to create a password. When I use
my own computer, it doesn't ask me for a password, so probably if you
are using the computer with the email address of your group
registration it's okay. Let me know if you have any trouble getting
into the vault.
Also, thanks to Brian, I'm starting to convert most of the paperport
files into .pdf files to be read with Adobe Acrobat Reader, a much more
common and (I am told) stable software. Most of you probably already
have Adobe Acrobat reader installed on your computer. If not, just
follow the link on the secure reserve room page.
r
Hi Ian
How about 1:30 on Thursday?
r
Rodney Jones
Department of English
City University of Hong Kong
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
----- Original Message -----
From: <50193680@...>
To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@egroups.com>
Cc: <ian leung@...>
Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2000 9:27 PM
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] Re: A sharing about"end
particles(?)".
>
> dear rodney,
> i would like to make an apointment with your in the coming
> thursday (23rd march) at about 11:00a.m. to 2:00p.m. or any time in
> friday morning(24th march). i am going to ask some question about the
> homework of the course interactional sociolinguistic, whick hand in
> mext week.
> please me a reply email soon to inform me if you are free at
> that time to have a short talk with me. thank you very much for your
> kind attention.
>
> ian leung
> student ID:50193680
> ---------Included Message----------
> >Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2000 21:55:29 +0800
> >From: "Rodney Jones" <rhj@...>
> >Reply-To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@egroups.com>
> >To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
> >Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] Re: A sharing about "end
> particles(?)".
> >
> >That was a very interesting observation by Wai. I think these final
> >particles in Chinese are so important as contextualization cues (to
> show
> >what we are doing) as well as in facework (to show our attitude towards
> the
> >person we are talking to). A lot of what you do with particles in
> Chinese we
> >do with intonation (rising and falling tone) in English. This is a
> very
> >important part of interactional sociolinguistics in Hong Kong that you
> need
> >to teach me about. I notice you even use final particles in your ICQ
> >messages! Doe anyone else have any thoughts or ideas about this?
> >
> >
> >Rodney Jones
> >Department of English
> >City University of Hong Kong
> >http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: "Wai" <kinwai2000@...>
> >To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
> >Sent: Thursday, March 16, 2000 4:16 PM
> >Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] A sharing about "end
> >particles(?)".
> >
> >
> >> Last lesson Rodney mentioned something about end particles. I have
> some
> >> observation about this.
> >>
> >> I notice that when a policeman ask somebody to do somethings, like
> >> showing their ID card or something like that, they omit the end
> >> particles in their questions. It's seems they are threatening you.
> >>
> >> And also in some boutiques, there are sales peorsons stand at the
> >> entrance of the shop and shouting things like "Welcome" and "Visit
> us
> >> next time" and "thank you". I found that if they omit the end
> >> particles, no matter how many "thank you" was added into the
> sentences,
> >> and no matter how the wordings are phrased as "polite sentences",
> >> they still sound impolite.
> >> (It is quite an irony when the tones are impolite while the
> sentences
> >> are very polite.)
> >>
> >> Wai
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >> To Post a message, send it to:
> >interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com
> >> To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
> >interactional-sociolinguistics-unsubscribe@eGroups.com
> >>
> >>
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dear rodney,
i would like to make an apointment with your in the coming
thursday (23rd march) at about 11:00a.m. to 2:00p.m. or any time in
friday morning(24th march). i am going to ask some question about the
homework of the course interactional sociolinguistic, whick hand in
mext week.
please me a reply email soon to inform me if you are free at
that time to have a short talk with me. thank you very much for your
kind attention.
ian leung
student ID:50193680
---------Included Message----------
>Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2000 21:55:29 +0800
>From: "Rodney Jones" <rhj@...>
>Reply-To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@egroups.com>
>To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
>Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] Re: A sharing about "end
particles(?)".
>
>That was a very interesting observation by Wai. I think these final
>particles in Chinese are so important as contextualization cues (to
show
>what we are doing) as well as in facework (to show our attitude towards
the
>person we are talking to). A lot of what you do with particles in
Chinese we
>do with intonation (rising and falling tone) in English. This is a
very
>important part of interactional sociolinguistics in Hong Kong that you
need
>to teach me about. I notice you even use final particles in your ICQ
>messages! Doe anyone else have any thoughts or ideas about this?
>
>
>Rodney Jones
>Department of English
>City University of Hong Kong
>http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
>----- Original Message -----
>From: "Wai" <kinwai2000@...>
>To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
>Sent: Thursday, March 16, 2000 4:16 PM
>Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] A sharing about "end
>particles(?)".
>
>
>> Last lesson Rodney mentioned something about end particles. I have
some
>> observation about this.
>>
>> I notice that when a policeman ask somebody to do somethings, like
>> showing their ID card or something like that, they omit the end
>> particles in their questions. It's seems they are threatening you.
>>
>> And also in some boutiques, there are sales peorsons stand at the
>> entrance of the shop and shouting things like "Welcome" and "Visit
us
>> next time" and "thank you". I found that if they omit the end
>> particles, no matter how many "thank you" was added into the
sentences,
>> and no matter how the wordings are phrased as "polite sentences",
>> they still sound impolite.
>> (It is quite an irony when the tones are impolite while the
sentences
>> are very polite.)
>>
>> Wai
>>
>>
>>
>>
------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> To Post a message, send it to:
>interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com
>> To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
>interactional-sociolinguistics-unsubscribe@eGroups.com
>>
>>
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net.
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http://www.egroups.com/cal?listname=interactional-sociolinguistics&m=1
>>
>>
>
>
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>-- http://www.egroups.com/docvault/interactional-sociolinguistics/?m=1
>
>
>
---------End of Included Message----------
That was a very interesting observation by Wai. I think these final
particles in Chinese are so important as contextualization cues (to show
what we are doing) as well as in facework (to show our attitude towards the
person we are talking to). A lot of what you do with particles in Chinese we
do with intonation (rising and falling tone) in English. This is a very
important part of interactional sociolinguistics in Hong Kong that you need
to teach me about. I notice you even use final particles in your ICQ
messages! Doe anyone else have any thoughts or ideas about this?
Rodney Jones
Department of English
City University of Hong Kong
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
----- Original Message -----
From: "Wai" <kinwai2000@...>
To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, March 16, 2000 4:16 PM
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] A sharing about "end
particles(?)".
> Last lesson Rodney mentioned something about end particles. I have some
> observation about this.
>
> I notice that when a policeman ask somebody to do somethings, like
> showing their ID card or something like that, they omit the end
> particles in their questions. It's seems they are threatening you.
>
> And also in some boutiques, there are sales peorsons stand at the
> entrance of the shop and shouting things like "Welcome" and "Visit us
> next time" and "thank you". I found that if they omit the end
> particles, no matter how many "thank you" was added into the sentences,
> and no matter how the wordings are phrased as "polite sentences",
> they still sound impolite.
> (It is quite an irony when the tones are impolite while the sentences
> are very polite.)
>
> Wai
>
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> To Post a message, send it to:
interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com
> To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
interactional-sociolinguistics-unsubscribe@eGroups.com
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> @Backup- Protect and Access your data any time, any where on the net.
> Try @Backup FREE and recieve 300 points from mypoints.com Install now:
> http://click.egroups.com/1/2345/0/_/369144/_/953194600/
>
> -- Easily schedule meetings and events using the group calendar!
> -- http://www.egroups.com/cal?listname=interactional-sociolinguistics&m=1
>
>
Last lesson Rodney mentioned something about end particles. I have some
observation about this.
I notice that when a policeman ask somebody to do somethings, like
showing their ID card or something like that, they omit the end
particles in their questions. It's seems they are threatening you.
And also in some boutiques, there are sales peorsons stand at the
entrance of the shop and shouting things like "Welcome" and "Visit us
next time" and "thank you". I found that if they omit the end
particles, no matter how many "thank you" was added into the sentences,
and no matter how the wordings are phrased as "polite sentences",
they still sound impolite.
(It is quite an irony when the tones are impolite while the sentences
are very polite.)
Wai
Goffman says that we employ 'fronts' to perform 'routines'. 'Routines are specific performances or kinds of performance. As we have said, a 'performance' is any activity that you do which takes place in front of an 'audience'. So, performance is a more 'generic' (general term). What we perform are 'routines'. They are 'strips of action' that usually have some kind of internal logic or structure. It is usually pretty easy to tell when a routine begins and ends.
Most of the 'routines' that we perform are routine, that is they follow rather consistent and predictable patterns. You could even give names to the different routines that you perform: the 'lecture routine', the 'riding the MTR routine', the 'shopping routine', the 'eating at McDonald's routine'. That is not to say that we always act in exactly the same way whenever we perform a particular routine. But, every routine has it's own sets of expectations about how you should perform and limitations regarding how you should not perform. Routines are not something that come naturally--we have to learn routines just as actors have to study their lines, and if you are unfamiliar with a routine, you probably won't be able to perform it very well. It is not uncommon for people who are about to perform an unfamiliar or particularly important routine to rehearse before they perform. Someone who is about to go out on their first date, for example might spend some time in front of a mirror practicing their facial expressions, and someone going for a job interview might prepare themselves by thinking about the questions that might be asked.
Different routines also have different 'fronts' associated with them. I employ one front when I am performing the 'teaching routine', for example, and a different front when I am performing the 'taking my dog for a walk routine'. Of course, it is possible also to employ the same front for different routines. I use more or less the same front when I am teaching and when I am having staff meetings with my colleagues.
So, if your life is like a play, your routines are like the different scenes you play.
Attached is the text for the assignment. It will also be available on the web and in hard copy outside my office. I will post an alternative English text tomorrow. You may analyze either the Chinese text or the English text. (for the Chinese text, remember, those final particles we were talking about today are important contextualization cues!)
This is a list of questions you asked on your test this morning. Answers to these questions will be posted on the WWW in the next few weeks (just follow the link called FAQ on the course homepage and click the linked question). Answers will also be posted to the e-group.
What is ‘front’?
What is a ‘routine’?
What is a ‘line’?
What are ‘regions’?
What is a ‘faux pas’?
What is the difference between personal front and social front?
Explain more about frames.
Explain more about footing.
What are contextualization cues?
What are paralinguistic cues?
What is metacommunication? What is a meta-message? What’s the difference between the two?
What are participation frameworks?
What is collusion?
What is the difference between ‘animator’, ‘author’ and ‘principal’
What is the difference between positive and negative face?
What about positive and negative politeness strategies? It’s difficult to tell the difference between the two.
What is solidarity?
What is a ‘face threatening act’?
What’s the difference between doing a face threatening act ‘on record’ or ‘off record’?
I've put the ten Have reading up as html as an experiment. Let me know how
it works. the username is student, the password is interact
r
Rodney Jones
Department of English
City University of Hong Kong
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
----- Original Message -----
From: "Rodney Jones" <rhj@...>
To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2000 10:35 PM
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] Re: Downloading error...
> Sorry
> I took them off to make space on the server, but I'll out them back up
there
> for you tonight.
> r
>
> Rodney Jones
> Department of English
> City University of Hong Kong
> http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "amy" <szeming_amy@...>
> To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
> Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2000 12:57 PM
> Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] Downloading error...
>
>
> > I can't download three readings from the web...!!
> > Two of them are removed...
> > and "Ronald Wardhaugh, 'Topics, Turns and Terminations' (from How
> > Conversation Works, Blackwell pp. 138-161) (.zip)" can't be linked...
> > What can I do??
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> > To Post a message, send it to:
> interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com
> > To Unsubscribe, send a blank message to:
> interactional-sociolinguistics-unsubscribe@eGroups.com
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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> > Get automatic protection and access to your important computer files.
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> http://www.egroups.com/group/interactional-sociolinguistics/
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> >
> >
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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>
Sorry
I took them off to make space on the server, but I'll out them back up there
for you tonight.
r
Rodney Jones
Department of English
City University of Hong Kong
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
----- Original Message -----
From: "amy" <szeming_amy@...>
To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
Sent: Saturday, March 11, 2000 12:57 PM
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] Downloading error...
> I can't download three readings from the web...!!
> Two of them are removed...
> and "Ronald Wardhaugh, 'Topics, Turns and Terminations' (from How
> Conversation Works, Blackwell pp. 138-161) (.zip)" can't be linked...
> What can I do??
>
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I can't download three readings from the web...!!
Two of them are removed...
and "Ronald Wardhaugh, 'Topics, Turns and Terminations' (from How
Conversation Works, Blackwell pp. 138-161) (.zip)" can't be linked...
What can I do??
just kidding.
All I can say is, go through all the readings and try to identify the main
ideas. Those are mostly the ones I mentioned in class as well. Don't get too
hung up on the small details or all of the words you don't understand. If
there is something that u think is a major concept and u don't understand
it, just send an email to this list. Most of all, don't get too nervous, I
don't want this little reading test to ruin your weekend!
r
Rodney Jones
Department of English
City University of Hong Kong
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~enrodney/
----- Original Message -----
From: "Wai" <kinwai2000@...>
To: <interactional-sociolinguistics@eGroups.com>
Sent: Friday, March 10, 2000 10:30 PM
Subject: [interactional-sociolinguistics] About the reading test.
> Are there any tips for the reading test on Monday?
>
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Looking through the readings this week, I notice that the Goffman article I gave you is rather long and difficult. You don't have to read the whole thing if you don't want to. You are only required to read sections I, IV and VII.