All, I got into the issue of "power waves" when I was trying to write some Matlab code to calculate RF parameters of a two-port network between a 50ohm source...
Dear Dr. Zhu, As you observed, power waves were developed to provide an intuitive way of understanding power transfer to a load, and are intended to be used...
What exactly does the "Max St. Dev." from the FINDLEN utility tell me. I understand that I want to minimize this number but other than that what does it mean?...
Dear Benton, It stands for Maximum Standard Deviation. This is the same quantity you see in the MultiCal output menu. It is a normalized standard deviation,...
... You don't have to use MultiCal. But most find it easier. There is also a demo version of the HTBasic interpreter (on the on-wafer forum website, I think)...
Hi Dylan, I have been successful on using Multical 1.05 in UNIX for multiline TRL measurements in microstrip from 0.5 -6 GHz. My measurement setup is an...
Dear Cameron, First, I would take all raw data, including measurements of your DUT. This will let you do all of your processing off line. That way, you can...
Dylan, I am currently trying to do a TRL calibration on a low loss ceramic substrate from 10GHz - 40GHz. I am using a zero length thru, zero length open, and...
Dear Benton, I would imagine that you do not have a good initial estimate of your effective dielectric constant. To get this estimate, I usually look at what...
Dylan, When you say low frequency do you mean the low end of the calibration bandwidth (5GHz)? I am currently estimating my dielectric constant at what the...
Hello Benton, We usually do very broadband multiline calibrations, and use the data up to a GHz or so to get our estimates of effective dielectric constant....
Dylan, I have been working on removing the spikes in my data. In doing so I was looking at the example TRL problem that comes with StatistiCal. I opened the...
Dear Benton, I don't know why the insertion loss of your line should be so high. Perhaps you should do a standard SOLT or LRRM probe-tip calibration, and...
Dylan, I think that we may have miscommunicated. When I do a SOLT calibration and measure my thru and line standards I measure an insertion loss of about 2dB...
Hello Benton, I think that the confusion is that the example calibration that you point to is a first-tier calibration, and the data is uncorrected. If you...
Dylan, Thank you for your replys. I have gone back and performed the calibration for the sample TRL problem in StatistiCal. I then looked at the corrected...
Dear Benton, In truth, I cannot remember exactly how I arrived at this example. It may have been based on simulations, or on some very lossy transmission ...
Sorry, but I have the same question. I don't see the propagation constant in the StatistiCal Solution Vector nor can I find it mentioned in the help file. ...
Dear Clark, I am sorry that you had such difficulty finding this. The propagation constant occupies the 15th and 16th positions in the solution vector. You can...
Dear Dylan, Thanks for the help. I thought from the discussion that the propagation constant might output explicitly vs. embedded in the EDK. I was trying to...
Hallo, I read the excellent article "a general waveguide circuit theory", but I still have some problems with complex impedance transmission lines. If we think...
Dear Fei, Complex reference impedances are required for the most fundamental measurements, as the TRL calibration measures scattering parameters with respect...
Dear Dylan, i also do measurements with TRL Calibration; good to know, that it measures the pseudo S matrix with respect to the complex reference impedance....
Hi Dylan, I was wondering if you published any papers on the technique that you use in FINDLEN to determine the calibration bandwidth and max std deviation. I...
Dear Cen Ong, I am sorry, but we never really published much on FINDLEN. It is really just a simulator that helps you predict what optimum lenghts should be. ...
We are currently getting ready to purchase some 110GHz GSG probes. These probes will initially be used for measurements in the 40GHz - 80GHz range. We would...
Dear Benton, Probe manufactures could tell you more about probe pitches than I. Perhaps one of them will add something. In any case, I do believe that smaller...
Hallo, applying conjugate matching to the load, acchives b=0 if power wave formulation is used. This means for the transmitted power p=|a|^2=Pmax. The pseudo...
Dear elekrt0, Please understand that the "power waves" defined by Kurokawa are defined by setting Zhat, the equivalent of the reference impedance in the ...
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