This article doesn't use the phrase, "nanotechnology," but essentially some folks at Rensselaer Polytech have developed a nano device for stem cell treatments. Here's the link and the URL:
Posted to NewsFactor.com on 5 November 2007.
"To construct the world's first 'nanoradio,' researchers placed a nanotube
in a vacuum between two electrodes and connected the device to a battery.
The physicists then charged one of the nanoradio's electrodes to 'pull1 on
the nanotube's tip, thereby adjusting the strand's length to correspond with
the desired frequency."
Researchers Build Nanoradio from Atoms
http://www.newsfactor.com/story.xhtml?story_id=01200000EJ5C
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
cosmosmagazine.com November 02, 2007 For example, nanotechnology may facilitate the development of von Neumann probes. As American physicist Richard Feynman observed in his seminal essay, 'There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom', there is nothing in the laws of physics to proscribe building armies of molecular-sized machines. At present, scientists have already built atomic-sized, entertaining curiosities, ranging from an atomic abacus with buckyballs to an atomic guitar with strings, measuring about 100 atoms across.
Paul Davies speculates on the idea that a spacefaring civilisation could make good use of nanotechnology to construct miniature probes to explore the galaxy, perhaps no bigger than the palm of your hand. "The tiny probes I'm talking about will be so inconspicuous that it's no surprise that we haven't come across one," he says. "It's not the sort of thing that you're going to trip over in your backyard. So if that is the way
technology develops - namely, smaller, faster, cheaper - and if other civilisations have gone this route, then we could be surrounded by surveillance devices."
from www.nanotech-now.com/products/newsdigest/
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"Nature-Made" Computers Clark School Engineers Teach Nature to "Grow" High-Tech Components
COLLEGE PARK, MD | Posted on October 30th, 2007
At the University of Maryland's A. James Clark School of Engineering, Ray Phaneuf, associate professor of materials science and engineering, has developed a template nature can follow to produce "self-assembling" structures. The template causes atoms to be arranged in a defined pattern that can serve a variety of purposes—a semiconductor in a laptop, a component in a cell phone or a sensor in a wearable device.
The idea of self-assembly in nature has long been known—crystallization is one such process; the formation of shells into spirals is another. However, researchers have been limited to the designs that nature already knows how to make. Phaneuf's work introduces a man-made template that nature then follows, addressing a number of manufacturing
difficulties.
Patterned silicon surfaces."While we understand how to make working nanoscale devices, making things out of a countable number of atoms takes a long time," Phaneuf said. "Industry needs to be able to mass-produce them on a practical time scale."
The template process can be used by device manufacturers to mass-produce tiny components rapidly and efficiently, reduce costs, shrink device sizes, and improve devices' functionality in ways previously not possible.
"The same template can be used thousands of times," Phaneuf said. "This results in enormous savings."
Phaneuf says his work is one step in a "cocktail" approach to computer assembly—an engineer's dream in which one could "mix-up" a computer the same way one mixes a drink.
"Imagine you shake up a cocktail and spill it onto a table," Phaneuf said. "The liquid will collect in pools in a manner designated by nature.
"Now imagine that first you coated the table with
wax and scraped a pattern into it. Now when you spill the liquid onto the table, it collects in the pattern you scraped into the wax—it assumes the form you want it to take. When we apply this idea to manufacturing nanoscale computer components, collections of atoms become ordered, accessible, controllable and reproducible—characteristics crucial to their use in high-tech devices."
These devices could include those used in the growing field of quantum computing, which is believed to hold promise for carrying out exceptionally difficult mathematical processes, Phaneuf said. An application of the templates might be self-assembly of coupled quantum dots to form "qubits," the building blocks of quantum computers. According to Phaneuf, templating could be used to make the manufacture of this highly complicated system more feasible: "Addressing individual qubits might be done optically, to get around the problem of trying to wire them all up."
Phaneuf's work
focuses on silicon and gallium arsenide components. Silicon is the prevalent material for components in computers while gallium arsenide is used more often in cell phones.
The templates are created using photolithography (a process akin to photography, in which the template is chemically developed after being exposed to light) and etching, or by "nanoscraping," in which an atomic force microscope is used to selectively scrape the pattern into the template.
####
About A. James Clark School of Engineering The Clark School of Engineering, situated on the rolling, 1,500-acre University of Maryland campus in College Park, Md., is one of the premier engineering schools in the U.S.
The Clark School's graduate programs are collectively the fastest rising in the nation. In U.S. News & World Report's annual rating of graduate programs, the school is 15th among public and private programs
nationally, 9th among public programs nationally and first among public programs in the mid-Atlantic region. The School offers 13 graduate programs and 12 undergraduate programs, including degree and certification programs tailored for working professionals.
The school is home to one of the most vibrant research programs in the country. With major emphasis in key areas such as communications and networking, nanotechnology, bioengineering, reliability engineering, project management, intelligent transportation systems and space robotics, as well as electronic packaging and smart small systems and materials, the Clark School is leading the way toward the next generations of engineering advances.
Delft University of Technology rotates electron spin with electric field
Delft, Netherlands | Posted on November 1st, 2007
Controlling the spin of a single electron is essential if this spin is to be used as the building block of a future quantum computer. An electron not only has a charge but, because of its spin, also behaves as a tiny magnet. In a magnetic field, the spin can point in the same direction as the field or in the opposite direction, but the laws of quantum mechanics also allow the spin to exist in both states simultaneously. As a result, the spin of an electron is a very promising building block for the yet-to-be-developed quantum computer; a computer that, for certain applications, is far more powerful than a conventional computer.
At first glance it is surprising that the spin can be rotated by an electric field. However, we know from the Theory of Relativity that a moving electron
can ‘feel' an electric field as though it were a magnetic field. Researchers Katja Nowack and Dr. Frank Koppens therefore forced an electron to move through a rapidly-changing electric field. Working in collaboration with Prof. Yuli V. Nazarov, theoretical researcher at the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, they showed that it was indeed possible to turn the spin of the electron by doing so.
The advantage of controlling spin with electric fields rather than magnetic fields is that the former are easy to generate. It will also be easier to control various spins independently from one another - a requirement for building a quantum computer - using electric fields. The team, led by Dr. Lieven Vandersypen, is now going to apply this technique to a number of electrons.
http://science.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=07/11/01/1614200
"Researchers at the National Science Foundation have utilized a single
carbon nanotube to perform all the functions of a standard radio,
acting as an antenna, tunable filter, amplifier, and demodulator. They
were then able to tune in a radio signal generated in the room and
play it back through an attached speaker. The device is functional
across a bandwidth widely used for commercial radio. From the NSF:
'The source content for the first laboratory test of the radio was
"Layla," by Derek and the Dominos, followed soon after by "Good
Vibrations" by the Beach Boys.'"
Hello Nanonewbies...
I will be in my office today (Nov. 1st) at high-noon for any nanonewbies
that would like to show up. I'd like to review our 1st event and discuss
a potential 2nd event.
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
Abstract: ASU's Center for Applied Nanoionics (CANi) has a new take on old memory, one that promises to boost the performance, capacity and battery life of consumer electronics from digital cameras to laptops. Best of all, it is cheap, made from common materials and compatible with just about anything currently on the market.
ASU researchers give memory a boost
Tempe, AZ | Posted on October 23rd, 2007
"In using readily available materials, we've provided a way for this memory to be made at essentially zero extra cost, because the materials you need are already used in the chips - all you have to do is mix them in a slightly different way," says Michael Kozicki, director of CANi.
The research was
conducted in collaboration with Research Center Jülich in Germany. It was published in the October 2007 issue of the journal IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices in the article "Bipolar and Unipolar Resistive Switching in Cu-doped SiO2." The team included Christina Schindler, on loan from Germany to CANi, Sarath Chandran Puthen Thermadam of CANi, Kozicki, and Rainer Waser of the Institute for Solid State Research and Center for Nanoelectronics Systems and Information Technology in Jülich.
For some time now, conventional computer memory has been heading toward a crunch - a physical limit of how much storage can be crammed into a given space. Traditional electronics begins to break down at the nanoscale - the scale of individual molecules - because pushing electronics closer together creates more
heat and greater power dissipation. As consumer electronics such as MP3 players and digital cameras shrink, the need for more memory in a smaller space grows.
Researchers have been approaching the problem from two directions, either trying to leapfrog to the next generation of memory, or refining current memory. CANi took both approaches, amping up performance via special materials while also switching from charge-based storage to resistance-based storage.
"We've developed a new type of old memory, but really it is the perfect memory for what's going to be required in future generations," Kozicki says. "It's very low-energy. You can scale it down to the nanoscale. You can pack a lot of it into a small space."
CANi was also able to overcome the limitations of conventional electronics by using nanoionics, a technique for moving tiny bits of matter around on a chip. Instead of moving electrons among charged particles, called ions, as in traditional
electronics, nanoionics moves the ions themselves.
"We've actually been able to move something the size of a virus between electrodes to switch them from a high resistance to a low resistance, which is great for memory," Kozicki says.
Most memory today stores information as charge; in the binary language of computers, this means that an abundance of charge at a particular site on a chip translated as a "one," and a lack of charge is translated as a "zero." The problem with such memory is that the smaller its physical size, the less charge it can reliably store.
Resistance-based memory, on the other hand, does not suffer from this problem and can even store multiple bits on one site. Moreover, once the resistance is set, it does not change, even when the power is switched off.
CANi's previous high-performance resistance-change memory has been licensed to three companies, including Micron Technology and Qimonda, and has attracted the
attention of Samsung, Sony and IBM. However, it used some materials, specifically silver and germanium sulfide, previously unused by industry and therefore required new processes to be developed.
The real advancement of CANi's newest memory is that researchers discovered a way to use materials already common in chip manufacturing. Although "doping" - mixing silicon with small amounts of conductive materials such as boron, arsenic or phosphorus - has been common practice for years, copper in silicon dioxide was largely unheard of. In fact, it was strictly avoided.
"People have actually gone to great lengths to keep the silicon oxide and the copper apart," Kozicki says. "But in our case, we are very interested in mixing the copper with the oxide - basically, so that it would become mobile and move around in the material."
"Because it can move in there, we can make a sort of nanoscale switch," he adds. "This very, very small switch can be used in
memory applications, storing information via a range of resistance values."
Industry has already shown interest in the new memory and, if all goes well, consumers could see it on the market within a few years.
"What it means is we could replace all of the memory in all sorts of applications - from laptops to iPods to cell phones to whatever - with this one type of memory," Kozicki says. "Because it is so low energy, we can pack a lot of memory and not drain battery power; and it's not volatile - you can switch everything off and retain information. What makes this significant is that we are using materials that are already in use in the semiconductor industry to create a component that's never been thought of before."
Abstract: In a rapid follow-up to their achievement as the first to demonstrate how an electron's spin can be electrically injected, controlled and detected in silicon, electrical engineers from the University of Delaware and Cambridge NanoTech now show that this quantum property can be transported a marathon distance in the world of microelectronics-- through an entire silicon wafer.
UD researchers race ahead with latest spintronics achievement
Newark, DE and Cambridge, MA | Posted on October 26th, 2007
The finding confirms that silicon--the workhorse material of present-day electronics--now can be harnessed up for
new-age spintronics applications.
The results, published in the Oct. 26 issue of the American Physical Society's prestigious journal Physical Review Letters, mark another major steppingstone in the pioneering field of spintronics, which aims to use the intrinsic "spin" property of electrons versus solely their electrical charge for the cheaper, faster, lower-power processing and storage of data than present-day electronics can offer.
The research team included Ian Appelbaum, UD assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering, and his doctoral student, Biqin Huang, and Douwe Monsma, of Cambridge NanoTech in Cambridge, Mass. Huang was the lead author of the article.
"Our new result is significant because it means that silicon can now be used to perform many spin manipulations both within the space of thousands of devices and within the time
of thousands of logic operations, paving the way for silicon-based spintronics circuits," Appelbaum said.
In Appelbaum's lab at UD, the team fabricated a device that injected high-energy, "hot" electrons from a ferromagnet into the silicon wafer. Another hot-electron structure (made by bonding two silicon wafers together with a thin-film ferromagnet) detected the electrons on the other side.
"Electron spin has a direction, like 'up' or 'down,' " Appelbaum said. "In silicon, there are normally equal numbers of spin-up and -down electrons. The goal of spintronics is to use currents with most of the electron spins oriented, or polarized, in the same direction."
In another recent paper published in the Aug. 13 issue of Applied Physics Letters, the team showed how to attain very high spin polarization, achieving more than 37 percent, and then demonstrated operation as the first semiconductor spin field-effect transistor. "One hundred percent
polarization means that all injected electrons are either spin-up or spin-down," Huang explained. "High polarization will be necessary for practical applications."
"In the future, spintronics may bring a great change to daily life," Huang added.
A native of China, Huang said he feels fortunate to work in Appelbaum's group. When he completes his doctorate next year, Huang hopes to pursue research in industry or academia.
"An alumnus from my undergraduate school in China was studying here at UD and told me this is a great place. I'm happy I made the right decision to come here," Huang noted. "I am also lucky to have a chance to work in Dr. Appelbaum's group. I think an excellent adviser is always the reason for students to be here."
"We're taking the first steps at the
beginning of a new road," Appelbaum said. "Before our initial work on spin transport in silicon, we didn't even know where the road was," he said with a smile. "There's a lot of fundamental work to be done, which we hope will bring us closer to a new age of electronics."
On Thursday, 25 October 2007, the Nanotech for Nanonewbies Cluster will be
putting on an talk/panel discussion in room PS-177N. The event starts at
noon and it will last one hour. Please announce this event to others.
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
Beth Baumert wrote:
> 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics And the winner is (drum roll)... Albert Fert
(France) and Peter Grünberg (Germany) "for the discovery of Giant
Magnetoresistance".
>
> What is Giant Magnetoresistance or GMR? It's a physical effect where weak
magnetic changes have a major impact on electrical resistance. This year's Nobel
laureates independently researched the types of systems that are suited to the
effect (1988). GMR works best in structures that are only a few atoms thick, so
it is a practical application of nanotechnology. GMR is used to produce
sensitive read-out heads for CD drives, like for a laptop or CD music player,
where the data is encoded magnetically yet converted to electric current to be
read. The first read-out head based on the GMR effect was launched in 1997.
Modern read-out techniques are modifications of the same system.
>
> From Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.,
> http://chemistry.about.com/
>
Please note that GMR has applications in computer hard drives, not in CDs, which
are optically encoded.
http://www.research.ibm.com/research/gmr.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_magnetoresistive_effect
--
KevinO
From: jobalert@... To: bethbaumert@... Subject: Forbes/Wolfe Nanotech Forum Date: Tue, 09 Oct 2007 12:00:00 -0400
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And the winner is (drum roll)... Albert Fert (France) and Peter Grünberg (Germany) "for the discovery of Giant Magnetoresistance".
What is Giant Magnetoresistance or GMR? It's a physical effect where weak magnetic changes have a major impact on electrical resistance. This year's Nobel laureates independently researched the types of systems that are suited to the effect (1988). GMR works best in structures that are only a few atoms thick, so it is a practical application of nanotechnology. GMR is used to produce sensitive read-out heads for CD drives, like for a laptop or CD music player, where the data is encoded magnetically yet converted to electric current to be read. The first read-out head based on the GMR effect was launched in 1997. Modern read-out
techniques are modifications of the same system.
>Computing = 21st century Informatics enabled by HPC (High
Performance/Productity
>Computing) with high-performance visualization systems.
>
Fooish moment... Productity is mis-spelled--it should be Productivity.
HPC is High Performance/Productivity Computing.
Marc Andreessen quote: "Often wrong, never in doubt."
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
Hello Nanonewbies@SCC...
4 October 2007 is the 1st Thursday of October and we're scheduled to have
a meeting. We have nothing formal planned. I'd like to use the time to
discuss an "event" that will be sponsered by the Nanotech Nanonewbies Cluster
at SCC. I have tentatively planned on an event date of Thursday, 25 October
2007 from 12:00pm to 1:00pm.
I'd like to put on a nanotech-related panel discussion that will include
some SCC faculty along with at least one member of the Arizona Nanotechnology
Cluster. If you'd like to discuss the event, then please visit my office
(CM-464) at noon on Thursday, 4 October 2007.
---
Today's Arizona Republic (1 October 2007) had an article about ASU Biomedical
Informatics written by ASU.
The following hyperlink will rot in a few days...
ASU program melds biology, technology
http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/local/articles/1001edbioengineer1001.ht\
ml
Computing + Biology is a powerful combination, but when Nano is added to
the list, then it feels like the 21st century. Is is nano-bio or bio-nano
or does it depend on context?
Computing + Science + Nanotechnology = part of the 21st century...
Computing = 21st century Informatics enabled by HPC (High Performance/Productity
Computing) with high-performance visualization systems.
Other parts of the 21st century include Mathematics, Engineering, Robotics,
Space Travel/Exploration... [more...]
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
The "Strange Matter" exhibit at the Science Center runs Sept. 29th-Jan. 6th.
Regards, Beth
Gerald Thurman <gerald.thurman@...> wrote:
Matt Kim will be a speaker at the Science Cafe on Friday, 21 September 2007. The Science Cafe, which is located in the Arizona Science Center in downtown Phoenix, meets the third Friday of each month from 5:30pm to 6:30pm. Admission is free.
Matt Kim is the leader of the Arizona Nanotechnology Cluster and he is also a member of SCC's Nanotech for Nanonewbies cluster.
Matt Kim will be a speaker at the Science Cafe on Friday, 21 September 2007.
The Science Cafe, which is located in the Arizona Science Center in downtown
Phoenix, meets the third Friday of each month from 5:30pm to 6:30pm. Admission
is free.
Matt Kim is the leader of the Arizona Nanotechnology Cluster and he is also
a member of SCC's Nanotech for Nanonewbies cluster.
Matt's talk is titled: "Designing Things: Balancing Beauty, Utility &
Sustainability
in Products"
http://www.azscience.org/adults_night_out.php#sc
The Science Cafe is sponsored by the Center for Nanotechnology in Society
at Arizona State University.
http://cns.asu.edu
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
Hello Nanonewbies@SCC...
I learned today at we have a 1-credit nanotech course in the course bank.
ECE106-Survey of Nanotechnology
http://www.maricopa.edu/curriculum/D-L/066ece106.html
The hyperlink has been added to the "Links" section of our YahoO!Group.
---
Dr. Kyle Rawlings, SCC Physics professor, has joined our cluster.
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
Yikes... the email message I sent about HR 1908 didn't have a Subject-Line.
Nanotechnologists are email users and Subject-Lines are important.
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
The Arizona Bioindustry Association sent an email message having the subject
line:
"Oppose HR 1908 - Patent Reform Act of 2007"
The ABA's email message was a forward of an email message from the
Biotechnology Industry Organization.
There are lots of nanotech companies working hard to "secure" their IP.
What a combination... law + nano (nanolawyer?)
Does the nanoindustry have the same concerns as the bioindustry?
The ABA's email prompted me to do a search and Google's 1st hyperlink was
to the GovTrack.US website.
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h110-1908
Dr. John Nagy, Chair of Life Sciences at SCC, is becoming a
cluster member. He was happy to see a nanoArtie.
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110
Hello nanotech4nanonewbies at SCC members...
This is a reminder that we have a meeting at 12:00pm on
Thursday, 6 September 2007. The meeting will start in
my office (i.e. CM-464).
Gerald Thurman [CS Instructor]
Scottsdale Community College
480.423.6110