seymouria : Messages : 3064-3094 of 5844

#3064

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 2:01 am
Subject: Headonhillia - A Lizard of the Eocene

    Headonhilia parva was a lizard of the Eocene. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Reptilia Laurenti 1768
Squamata Oppel 1811
Anguimorpha Furbringer 1900
Anguoidea Fitzinger 1826
Anguidae Gray 1825
Anguinae Gray 1825
Headonphillia Klembara and Green 2010
Headonphillia parva Klembara and Green 2010

    Jozef Klembara and Byrony Green wrote an article titled Anguimorph lizards (Squamata, Anguimorpha) from the Middle and Late Eocene of the Hampshire Basin of southern England. It was published in 2010. The text is on this link.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/section?content=a919835914&fulltext=713240928

    Neal Robbins

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#3065

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 2:04 am
Subject: Elgaria multicarinata - A Living Relative of Headonhilia

ctn47496

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    These links have photos of Elgaria multicarinata.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Southernalligatorlizard.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sandiegoalligatorlizard.jpg

http://www.flickr.com/photos/33818785@N00/2443952877/

    Elgaria multicarinata is a living relative of the Eocene lizard Headonhillia. Both are in the family Anguidae.
     Elgaria multicarinata is often called the Southern Alligator Lizard. It is native to the Pacific coast states of California, Oregon, and Washington in the USA. The range also includes Baha California in Mexico. Elgaria multicarinata
inhabits forests, chaparral, and grasslands.
    Elgaria multicarinata grows up to 50 cm. (1.64 ft.). The coloration is light or medium brown. There are some black and white spots on the sides. They go through the middle of each scale row. Some dark crossbands are on the back.
    A lateral fold is located along the lower sides. It extends from the lower corner of the mouth to the tail. Each foot has five toes. The head of the male is broader and more triangular than that of the female.
    The female lays three clutches of eggs during a period that lasts from May to July. Each clutch consists of 5-20 eggs.
    The diet of Elgaria multicarinata includes arthropods, for example, insects and arachnids. It is known to eat black widow spiders. Elgaria multicarinata occasionally feeds on small rodents.
    This publication is a reference:

Robert Stebbins (2003). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. Houghton Mifflin.

    Neal Robbins

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#3066

From: "fadingshadows2000" <fadingshadows40@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 4:35 pm
Subject: Chupacabra

fadingshadow...

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This appeared in a local newspaper this week. I wonder what the creature was?
The lady now has to undergo rabies shots! There have also been bears sighted in
East Texas, so they may be making a come back. Some ranchers have even been
claiming to have seen mountain lions back in the area. With the wild hog
population getting out of control lately, it might be drawing larger predators
to this neck of the woods.
What's next, sasquatch?
Tom

The Olney Enterprise

An Olney, Texas woman was injured during a run-in with what many believe was a
chupacabra on Saturday, August 21st, near Jacksboro (Texas). Staysha Henderson
was checking on family property in Jack County when a large and apparently
malnourished gray animal was sighted inside a camper. Thinking the creature was
a dog Henderson approached the animal and attempted to give it water when it bit
her hand.

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#3067

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 6:07 pm
Subject: Nasunaris - An Ostracod Crustacean of the Silurian

ctn47496

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    Nasunaris was an ostracod crustacean of the Silurian. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Arthropoda Latreille 1829
Crustacea Brunnich 1772
Ostracoda Latreille 1802
Myodocopida Sars 1866
Cylindroleberididae Muller 1906
Nasunaris Siveter et al. 2010
Nasunaris flata Siveter et al. 2010

    David J. Siveter, Derek E.G. Briggs, Derek J. Siveter, and Mark D. Sutton wrote an article titled An exceptionally preserved myodocopid from the Silurian of Herefordshire, U.K. It was published in 2010. This link has the abstract.
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/277/1687/1539

    Another article about Nasunaris is titled Rare body parts find provides vital clue to identity of ancient fossil. The text is on this link. A fossil photo and an illustration are included.
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-03/uol-rbp032210.php

    Neal Robbins

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#3068

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 6:10 pm
Subject: Conchoecissa ametra - A Living Relative of Nasunaris

ctn47496

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    This link has a photo of Conchoecissa ametra.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/solvinzankl/4369527250/

    This link has a photo of another species of the genus, Conchoecissa imbricata. There is also an article by Fred Gorell; it is titled Zooplankton
Defined.
http://www.oar.noaa.gov/spotlite/archive/spot_zooplankton.html

    Conchoecissa ametra is a living relative of the Silurian ostracod Nasunaris flata. Both are in the subclass Crustacea, the order Ostracoda, and the suborder Myodocopida. Nasunaris is in the family Cylindroleberididae, which has some living members. Conchoecissa ametra is a member of the suborder Haplocypridina, the family Haplocyprididae, and the subfamily Conchoecinae.
    Conchoecissa ametra is native to the Atlantic Ocean. As with other ostracods, the body is enclosed by two valves. They look somewhat like a clam shell. The body is comprised of a head and a thorax. A slight constriction separates them. This link has an article about the physical characteristics of members of the Conchoecinae subfamily.
http://deep.iopan.gda.pl/ostracoda/what_is_an_ostracod.php

    Neal Robbins

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#3069

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 6:28 pm
Subject: Re: Chupacabra

ctn47496

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Hi Tom,

We have bears here in Arkansas. An amusing incident occurred in my hometown of Dover. A juvenile black bear made its way into town and climbed up into a tree. It attracted a lot of attention. Some people from the Animal Rescue Center came and got the bear out of the tree. They then turned it loose in the woods.

I've read some articles about the chupacabra. It's an interesting subject. The Boggy Creek Monster is a creature that some people in southern Arkansas claim to have seen.

Neal

From: fadingshadows2000 <fadingshadows40@...>
To: seymouria@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thu, September 2, 2010 11:35:42 AM
Subject: [seymouria] Chupacabra

This appeared in a local newspaper this week. I wonder what the creature was? The lady now has to undergo rabies shots! There have also been bears sighted in East Texas, so they may be making a come back. Some ranchers have even been claiming to have seen mountain lions back in the area. With the wild hog population getting out of control lately, it might be drawing larger predators to this neck of the woods.
What's next, sasquatch?
Tom

The Olney Enterprise

An Olney, Texas woman was injured during a run-in with what many believe was a chupacabra on Saturday, August 21st, near Jacksboro (Texas). Staysha Henderson was checking on family property in Jack County when a large and apparently malnourished gray animal was sighted inside a camper. Thinking the creature was a dog Henderson approached the animal and attempted to give it water when it bit her hand.

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#3070

From: "fadingshadows2000" <fadingshadows40@...>
Date: Thu Sep 2, 2010 6:50 pm
Subject: Re: Chupacabra

fadingshadow...

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Hi Neal,
Yep I've seen a special on your Boggy Creek Monster! Hey, I bet those bears in
East Texas are coming over from Arkansas! I just hope they don't get this far
west. I don't like bears - at least not close up! (lol).
Tom

--- In seymouria@yahoogroups.com, Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...> wrote:
>
>
>
>     Hi Tom,
>
>     We have bears here in Arkansas. An amusing incident occurred in my
hometown
> of Dover. A juvenile black bear made its way into town and climbed up into a
> tree. It attracted a lot of attention. Some people from the Animal Rescue
Center
> came and got the bear out of the tree. They then turned it loose in the woods.
>     I've read some articles about the chupacabra. It's an interesting
subject.
> The Boggy Creek Monster is a creature that some people in southern Arkansas
> claim to have seen.
>
>
>     Neal

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#3071

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 3, 2010 1:39 pm
Subject: Balaur bondoc - A Theropod Dinosaur of the Cretaceous

ctn47496

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    This link has an illustration of Balaur bondoc.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Balaur_bondoc.jpg

    Balaur bondoc was a dinosaur of the Cretaceous. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Dinosauria Owen 1842
Saurischia Seeley 1887
Theropoda Marsh 1881
Deinonychosauria Colbert and Russell 1969
Dromaeosauridae Matthew and Brown 1922
Velociraptorinae Barsbold 1983
Balaur Csiki et al. 2010
Balaur bondoc Csiki et al. 2010

    The holotype, a partial skeleton, was found in the Sebes Formation in Romania. It dates to about 70 million years ago, which was during the
Maastrichtian age (70.6 - 65.5 million years ago) of the Cretaceous. Balaur bondoc is closely related to the Asian theropod dinosaur Velociraptor. Both are in the family Dromaeosauridae and the subfamily Velociraptorinae.
    Balaur bondoc had retractible sickle claws on both the first and second toes on each foot. Other dromaeosaurs had a sickle claw only on the second toe.
    Zoltan Csiki, Matyas Vremir, Stephen L. Brusatte, and Mark A. Norell wrote an article titled An aberrant island-dwelling theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Romanian. It was published in 2010 in PNAS, Volume 107, no. 35,
15357-15361. The abstract is on this link.
http://www.pnas.org/content/107/35/15357

    Neal Robbins

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#3072

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 3, 2010 3:40 pm
Subject: Trucidocynodon - A Therapsid of the Triassic

ctn47496

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    This link has a piece of artwork that portrays Trucidocynodon.
http://misterios.net63.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/trucidocynodon.jpg

    Trucidocynodon was a carnivorous therapsid of the Triassic. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Synapsida Osborn 1903
Therapsida Broom 1905
Cynodontia Owen 1861
Trucidocynodon Oliveira, Soares, and Schultz 2010
Trucidocynodon riograndensis Oliveira, Soares, and Schultz 2010

    Teo Veiga de Oliveira, Marina Bento Soares, and Cesar Leandro Schultz wrote an article titled Trucidocynodon riograndensis gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Eucynodontia), a new cynodont from the Brazilian Upper Triassic (Santa Maria Formation). It was published in 2010 in Zootaxa 2382, 1-71. The abstract and part of the introduction are on this link.
http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02382p071f.pdf

    Neal Robbins

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#3073

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sat Sep 4, 2010 2:52 am
Subject: Metasepia pfefferi - A Living Relative of Belosaepia

ctn47496

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    These links have photos of Metasepia pfefferi.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:240326907_657305e604_o.jpg

http://www.deepseaimages.com/dsilibrary/showphoto.php?photo=18609&cat=505&limit=recent

http://www.seaphotos.com/cgi-bin/show_image.pl?img=flamboyant_cuttlefish_hatchling_07L.jpg&caption=This+tiny+hatchling+flamboyant+cuttlefish+is+less+than+one+hour+old+and+less+than+a+centimeter+in+length.+(%3Ci%3EMetasepia+pfefferi%3C%2Fi%3E)+Lembeh+Strait%2C+Indonesia

    Metasepia pfefferi is a living relative of the Eocene cephalopod Belosaepia. Both are in the order Sepiida. However, they are in different families. Metasepia pfefferi is a member of the family Sepiidae. Belosaepia is in the extinct family Belosapeiidae. Metasepia pfefferi is often referred to as Pfeffer's Flamboyant Cuttlefish.
    Metasepia pfefferi is native to the Pacific and Indian oceans. It is found in coastal waters of New Guinea, the Philippines, Australia, Indonesia, and
Malaysia. This cuttlefish lives at depths of 3-86 m. (9.8-282 feet).
    The mantle is oval and broad. It is generally agreed that the mantle grows to be up to 8 cm. (3.1 in.) long. The dorsal surface of the mantle features three pairs of papillae that are large and flap-like. Some papillae are also located over the eyes.
    Metasepia pfefferi has eight arms that are blade-like and broad. There are two tentacles inside the arms; they are used to catch prey. The arm suckers of Metasepia pfefferi are configued in four rows. Males have a special arm that is used for fertilization. It is called the hectocotylus. The hectocotylus has a modified area that is fleshy, wide, and swollen. It has ridges that are
transversely grooved. A deep furrow goes along the middle of it.
    Each tentacular club (located at the end of the tentacle) has a flattened surface area. It features 5-6 suckers. The largest sucker is situated close to
the center of the club. The club has a swimming keel that extends near the carpus. The dorsal and ventral protective membranes are connected to the tentacular stalk. Metasepia pfefferi is able to walk on the sea floor.
    The cuttlebone of Metasepia pfefferi is 67% to 75% the length of the mantle and is located in the anterior. Like other species of its genus, Metasepia pfefferi has a rhomboidal-shaped cuttlebone. The dorsal surface of the cuttlebone is evenly convex and has a yellowish coloration. The whole dorsal
surface of the cuttlebone is covered with chitin.
    The base coloration is normally dark brown. However, it can change to a pattern of dark brown, black, and white, with yellow areas around the arms, mandible, and eyes. This occurs when Metasepia pfefferi is disturbed.
    After the eggs are fertilized, the female deposits them in crevices or under ledges in rocks or coral. The eggs are initially white, but eventually become
translucent before they hatch.
    This publication is a reference:

M.D. Norman. 2000. Cephalopods: A World Guide. ConchBooks.

    Neal Robbins

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#3074

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sat Sep 4, 2010 2:55 am
Subject: Belosaepia- A Cephalopod of the Eocene

ctn47496

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    Belosaepia was a genus of cephalopods that existed during the Eocene. The systematic paleontology of Belosaepia is:

Mollusca Linnaeus 1758
Cephalopoda Cuvier 1797
Sepiida Zittel 1895
Belosaepiidae Nyst 1843
Belosaepia Gabb 1860
Belosaepia ungula Palmer 1937
B. veatchii Palmer 1937
B. saccaria Palmer 1937

    The length of Belosaepia was about 18 cm. It had a width of about 5 cm. Belosaepia had a siphuncle that was large. It extended into the oblique septa. There was a belemnite-like guard; it had a horn-like shape and was located at the posterior end of the shell. The chambers in the shell of Belosaepia were similar to those of the cuttlebone in living cuttlefish.
    T.E. Yancey, C.L. Garvie, and M. Wicksten wrote an article titled The Middle Eocene Belosaepia ungula (Cephalopoda: Coleoidea) from Texas: Structure, Ontogeny, and Function. It was published in 2010 in the Journal of Paleontology 84: 267-287. The complete text is on this link.
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3790/is_201003/ai_n53082370/

    Neal Robbins

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#3075

From: Tom Johnson <fadingshadows40@...>
Date: Sat Sep 4, 2010 10:26 pm
Subject: Cog Wheel Bug

fadingshadow...

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We've had some interesting insects gathering lately. I tried to take a picture of a really nice preying mantis, but it got away. Then this Cog Wheel Bug was nice enough to hang around, although my camera could not get a really good picture of it. I think you will be able to see the hump (wheel) on it's back, though. I shot three pictures of it, and will put them in the Photo Album. BTW, since I took the photos of that Texas Horny Toad, I've seen three more in my back yard. Hopefully that means they are making a come back - or maybe they just like my back yard (lol).

You know, when I was in Jr. High, I had a fantastic collection of bugs. One of my favorites was a cog wheel bug. One day while I was at school, the high school girl next door asked my mother if she could have one of my insects for biology class at school, and she took my cog wheel bug! I was sick for days after losing such a wonderful specimen!
Tom

1 of 1 Photo(s)

Assasin bug.jpg

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#3076

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sun Sep 5, 2010 1:01 am
Subject: Andrias davidianus - A Living Relative of Regalerpeton

ctn47496

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    These links have photos of Andrias davidianus.
http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Giant_salamander.jpg

http://www.dahmstierleben.de/foto/aquazoo/AndriasDavidianus/image_view_fullscreen

    Andrias davidianus is a living relative of the Jurassic salamander Regalerpeton weichangensis. Both are in the superfamily Cryptobranchoidea.
Andrias davidianus is a member of the Cryptobranchidae family. It and Andrias
japonicus are the largest living salamanders.
    Andrias davidianus is often called the Chinese Giant Salamander. It is native to China and inhabits streams and lakes.
    Andrias davidianus has an average length of about 1.15 m. (3.8 feet). However, some individuals grow to be 1.8 m. (6 feet) long. The weight of Andrias davidianus is 25-30 kg. (55-66 pounds).
    The coloration is black, dark brown, or greenish. There are some irregular blotches. The eyes are small and located on top of the head. Andrias davidianus has small tubercles on its head and throat. They are paired and configured in
rows that are parallel with the mandible (lower jaw).
    The female lays a clutch of about 400-500 eggs. She deposits them in an underwater cavity. The male then fertilizes the eggs and guards them until they hatch, which is about 50-60 days later. The young are born with gill slits that close when they reach maturity. Adults have lungs.
    The diet of Andrias davidianus consists of fish, frogs, crustaceans, and insects.
Specialy sensory nodes extend from the head to the tail. They are used for detecting vibrations made by other life forms in the water. Andrias davidianus
does most of its hunting at night.
    These publications are references:

Andrias davidianus - Amphibia Web.

H. Cogger (1999). Reptiles and Amphibians. Time Life Books. London.

    Neal Robbins

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#3077

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sun Sep 5, 2010 1:03 am
Subject: Regalerpeton - A Salamander of the Jurassic

ctn47496

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    Regalerpeton weichangensis was a salamander of the Jurassic. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Amphibia Linnaeus 1758
Lissamphibia Haeckel 1866
Caudata Scopoli 1777
Cryptobranchoidea
Regalerpeton Zhang et al. 2009
Regalerpeton weichangensis Zhang et al. 2009

    Guilin Zhang, Yuan Wang, Marc E.H. Jones, and Susan E. Evans wrote an article titled A new Early Cretaceous salamander (Regalerpeton weichangensis gen. et sp. nov.) from the Huajiying Formation of northeastern China. It was published in 2009 in Cretaceous Research 30(3): 551-558. The abstract is on this link. Fossil photos and drawings are included.
http://english.ivpp.cas.cn/rh/rp/200912/t20091211_48384.html

    Neal Robbins

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#3078

From: "A" <angiejo74@...>
Date: Sun Sep 5, 2010 5:48 pm
Subject: Re: Chupacabra

ajw1174

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I know, for a fact, there are big cats in the area!  My Mom and I saw a black
one.  It had to have been a black panther about a month ago, not far from
Seymour!  There have been many sightings of large black cats in the area over
the years.
Angela

--- In seymouria@yahoogroups.com, "fadingshadows2000" <fadingshadows40@...>
wrote:
>
> This appeared in a local newspaper this week. I wonder what the creature was?
The lady now has to undergo rabies shots! There have also been bears sighted in
East Texas, so they may be making a come back. Some ranchers have even been
claiming to have seen mountain lions back in the area. With the wild hog
population getting out of control lately, it might be drawing larger predators
to this neck of the woods.
> What's next, sasquatch?
> Tom
>
> The Olney Enterprise
>
> An Olney, Texas woman was injured during a run-in with what many believe was a
chupacabra on Saturday, August 21st, near Jacksboro (Texas). Staysha Henderson
was checking on family property in Jack County when a large and apparently
malnourished gray animal was sighted inside a camper. Thinking the creature was
a dog Henderson approached the animal and attempted to give it water when it bit
her hand.
>

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#3079

From: "fadingshadows2000" <fadingshadows40@...>
Date: Sun Sep 5, 2010 5:58 pm
Subject: Re: Chupacabra

fadingshadow...

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Hi Angela,
I remember as a kid, when the adults would gather in the evening to play
dominoes and 42, we would hear strange cries from the creek about half a block
from the house, and our parents would say, "There's that old panther again!"
We've seen some pretty good size bob cats in the area the last few years, but no
mountain lions or black panthers!
Tom

--- In seymouria@yahoogroups.com, "A" <angiejo74@...> wrote:
>
>
> I know, for a fact, there are big cats in the area!  My Mom and I saw a black
one.  It had to have been a black panther about a month ago, not far from
Seymour!  There have been many sightings of large black cats in the area over
the years.
> Angela

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#3080

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Mon Sep 6, 2010 1:43 am
Subject: Internal Vascularity of the Dermal Plates of Stegosaurus

ctn47496

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    This link has an illustration of Stegosaurus.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stegosaurus_BW.jpg

    James O. Farlow, Shoji Hayashi, and G.J. Tattersall wrote an article titled Internal vascularity of the dermal plates of Stegosaurus (Ornithischia,
Thyreophora). It was published in 2010 in Swiss Jour. Geosciences. This quote from the abstract says:

X-ray tomography and petrographic thin sectioning were used to study internal features of the plates of the thyreophoran dinosaur Stegosaurus and the
osteoderms of Alligator. Infrared thermographic imaging of basking caimans was used to examine possible differential blood flow to osteoderms and other parts of the skin. Multiple large openings in the Stegosaurus plate base lead to a linear, mesodistally oriented vestibule, which in turn apically sends off multiply branching aoepipesa. The pipes are best developed in the basal half of the plate, and communicate with cancellous regions (some of which presumably were vascular spaces) throughout the plate interior. Some internal vascular
features also connect with the vascular pits and grooves on the plate surface. Alligator osteoderms show a similar internal vascularity. In crocodylians, the osteoderms serve as armor, and help to stiffen the back for terrestrial locomotion, but their vascularity enables them to be used as sources of calcium for egg shelling, as sites of lactate sequestration, and possibly for heat exchange with the external environment, as suggested by our infrared thermographic imaging of basking caimans. Thyreophoran osteoderms presumably had multiple functions as well. In Stegosaurus the potential thermoregulatory role of the plates may have been greater than in other thyreophorans, by virtue of
their extensive external and internal vascularity, their large size, thin cross-sections above the plate-base, dorsal position, and alternating arrangement.

    Neal Robbins

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#3081

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Mon Sep 6, 2010 10:34 pm
Subject: Hesperosaurus - A Dinosaur of the Jurassic

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    This link has an illustration of Hesperosaurus.
http://www.naturalist.if.ua/?p=101

    Hesperosaurus was a dinosaur of the Jurassic. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Dinosauria Owen 1842
Ornithischia Seeley 1887
Thyreophora Nopcsa 1915
Stegosauria Marsh 1877
Stegosauridae Marsh 1880
Hesperosaurus Carpenter, Miles, and Cloward 2001
Hesperosaurus mjosi Carpenter, Miles, and Cloward 2001

    An almost complete skeleton (without the legs) was found in the Morrison Formation in Wyoming. It dates to the Kimmeridgian age (156 - 151 million years ago) of the Jurassic. The plates on the back of Hesperosaurus were longer than those of Stegosaurus, though not as tall. The skull of Hesperosaurus was shorter and broader than that of Stegosaurus.
    Kenneth Carpenter wrote an article titled Species concept in North American stegosaurs. It was published in 2010 in Swiss Jour. Geosciences. This quote from the abstract says:

The plated Stegosaurus armatus was named in 1877 by Marsh for fragmentary remains from the Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic) of Colorado, USA. Subsequent discoveries from the same formation in Wyoming and Colorado (USA)
have been assigned to separate stegosaurian genera and species, but most of these are no longer considered valid. More recently, a partial stegosaurian skeleton from Wyoming was named Hesperosaurus mjosi. However, the validity of
this genus has been questioned recently, raising the question: how much osteological difference among stegosaur taxa is needed to separate genera from
species? The question is examined vis-a-vis species and genus recognition in other dinosaurs, including iguanodonts, lambeosaurine iguanodontids,
chasmosaurine ceratopsians, tyrannosaurid theropods, and diplodocid sauropods. The basis for taxonomic distinction is largely philosophical: If the species are morphologically distinct enough, they should be treated as separate genera. Based on these criteria, Hesperosaurus mjosi is a distinct taxon.

    This publication is a reference:

Kenneth Carpenter, C.A. Miles, and K. Cloward. (2001). "New Primitive Stegosaur from the Morrison Formation, Wyoming". in Kenneth Carpenter (ed.). The Armored Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press. pp. 55-75.

    Neal Robbins

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#3082

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 9, 2010 2:31 am
Subject: Concavenator corcovatus - A Dinosaur of the Cretaceous

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    This link has an illustration of Concavenator.
http://news.yahoo.com/nphotos/undated-handout-image-provided-journal-Nature-shows-hypothetical-reconstruction-flesh-eating/photo//100908/480/urn_publicid_ap_org954273a0f0454d9497f892acaa9930ef//s:/ap/20100908/ap_on_sc/us_sci_humpbacked_dinosaur_3;_ylt=ArHuoYOFMUXfeWd6egjsOX5xieAA;_ylu=X3oDMTE5cnVkNWY4BHBvcwMxBHNlYwN5bl9yX3RvcF9waG90bwRzbGsDdGhpc3VuZGF0ZWRo

    Concavenator corcovatus was a theropod dinosaur of the Cretaceous. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Dinosauria Owen 1842
Saurischia Seeley 1887
Theropoda Marsh 1881
Carcharodontosauridae Stromer 1931
Concavenator Ortega et al. 2010
Concavenator corcovatus Ortega et al. 2010

    A very well preserved fossil specimen of Concavenator was found in Spain. It dates to the Barremian age (130 -125 million years ago) of the Cretaceous.
    Francisco Ortega, Fernando Escaso, and Jose L. Sanz wrote an article titled A bizarre, humped Carcharodontosauria (Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain. It was published in 2010 in Nature 467: 203-206. This quote from the abstract says:

Carcharodontosaurids were the largest predatory dinosaurs and their early evolutionary history seems to be more intricate than was previously thought. Until recently, carcharodontosaurs were restricted to a group of large theropods inhabiting the Late Cretaceous Gondwanan landmasses, but in the last few years Laurasian evidence has been causing a reevaluation of their initial diversification. Here we describe an almost complete and exquisitely preserved skeleton of medium-sized (roughly six metres long) theropod from the Lower Cretaceous series (Barremian stage) Konservat-Lagerstatte of Las Hoyas in Cuenca, Spain. Cladistic analysis supports the idea that the new taxon Concavenator corcovatus is a primitive member of Carcharodontosauria, exhibiting two unusual features: elongation of the neuropophyses of two presacral vertebrae forming a pointed, hump-like structure, and a series of small bumps on the ulna. We think that these bumps are homologous to quill knobs present on some modern birds; the knobs are related to the insertion area of follicular ligaments that anchor the roots of the flight feathers (remiges) to the arm. We propose that Concavenator has integumentary follicular structures inserted on the ulna, as in modern birds. Because scales do not have follicles, we consider the structures anchored to the Concavenator arms to be non-scale skin appendages homologous to the feathers of modern birds. If this is true, then the phylogenetic bracket for the presence of non-scale skin structures homologous to feathers in theropod dinosaurs would be extended to the Neotetanurae, enlarging the scope for explaining the origin of feathers in theropods.

    Neal Robbins

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#3083

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Thu Sep 9, 2010 6:05 am
Subject: Belonostomus - A Fish of the Jurassic and Cretaceous

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    This link has a Belonostomus sp. fossil photo.
http://www.fossilmall.com/EDCOPE_Enterprises/fish/fishfossil31/RN26B.jpg

    The fossil is 95 mm. in length if straightened. It was found at En-Namoura in Lebanon. This fossil dates to the Cenomanian age (99.6 - 93.5 million years ago) of the Cretaceous.

    This link has a fossil photo of Belonostomus muensteri. The fossil was found in the Solnhofen Limestone of southern Germany. It is 10 cm. (4 inches) long. This fossil dates to about 148 million years ago, which was during the Tithonian age (151 - 146 million years ago) of the Jurassic.
http://www.henskensfossils.nl/solnhofen/BM0853a.jpg

    Belonostomus was a genus of fishes that live during the Jurassic and the Cretaceous. The systematic paleontology of Belonostomus is:

Actinopterygii Klein 1885
Aspidorhynchiformes Bleeker 1859
Aspidorhynchidae Nicholson and Lydekker 1889
Belonostomus Agassiz 1834
B. muensteri Agassiz 1834
B. tenuirostris Agassiz 1835
B. cinctus Agassiz 1837
B. crassirostris Costa 1853
B. indicus Lydekker 1890
Belonostomus longirostris Estes 1964=Diphyodus longirostris Lambe 1902
B. carinatus Mawson and Woodward 1907
B. dorsetensis Woodward 1908

[Note - Agassiz named Belonostomus acutus as the type species in 1844. However, Gardinier recombined it as Saurorhynchus acutus in 1960. The source of this information is The Paleobiology Database.]

    Belonostomus and other members of the extinct Aspidorhynchidae family are sometimes called "Needle Fishes". Their bodies were very slender and elongated. The heads were sharply pointed.
    Paulo M. Brito and Mario E. Suarez wrote an article titled Late Cretaceous Belonostomus (Pisces, Actinopterygii, Aspidorhynchidae) from Algarrobo, Chile, with comments on aspidorhynchid paleodistribution in South America. It was
published in 2003 in Rev. geol. Chile, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 117-127. The text is on this link.
http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0716-02082003000100008&script=sci_arttext

    Fossil remains of Belonostomus longirostris have been discovered in the Dinosaur Park Formation in Alberta, Canada. They date to the Campanian age (83.5 - 70.6 million years ago) of the Cretaceous. Other remains were unearthed in the
Hell Creek Formation in the Bug Creek Anthills in McCone County, Montana. They are dated to the Maastrichtian age (70.6 - 65.5 million years ago) of the Cretaceous. Maastrichtian remains of this species have also been excavated in the Lance Formation at the Lull 2 Quarry in Niobrara County, Wyoming. Others were found in the Hell Creek Formation at PTRM V91007, Doaks Butte in Bowman
County, North Dakota. Fossil remains of Belonostomus longirostris have also been discovered in the St. Mary River Formation at Scabby Butte, Site 3, in Alberta, Canada. They date to the Edmontonian interval (70.6 - 65.5 million years ago). [Note - The source of this information is The Paleobiology Database.]

    Neal Robbins

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#3084

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 10, 2010 1:53 am
Subject: Lepisosteus indicus - A Gar Fish of the Cretaceous

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Lepisosteus indicus was a gar of the Cretaceous. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Actinopterygii Klein 1885

Lepisosteiformes Hay 1929

Lepisosteidae Cuvier 1825

Lepisosteus Linnaeus 1758

Lepisosteus indicus Woodward 1890

Fossil remains of Lepisosteus indicus have been found in the Fategarh Formation in the Lordi Nala bone bed in Rajasthan, India. They date to the Maastrichtian age (70.6 - 65.5 million years ago) of the Cretaceous. Other Maastrichtian remains were discovered at Kisalpuri in Madhya Pradesh, India. Lepisosteus indicus fossil remains have also been unearthed in Andhra Pradesh, India. They also date to the Maastrichtian. [Note - The source of this information is The Paleobiology Database.]

Suresh Mathur wrote an article titled Cretaceous Phosphorite facies of the Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, India: Significance of its fauna and its magnetic frame elements. It was published in 2008. The text is on this link.

http://www.cprm.gov.br/33IGC/1213971.html

Neal Robbins

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#3085

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 10, 2010 1:55 am
Subject: Lepisosteus cuneatus - A Gar Fish of the Eocene

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    This link has a fossil photo of Lepisosteus cuneatus.
http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Fossil_Galleries/Green_River_Formation_Fish/lepisosteus-cuneatus/Lepisosteus-cuneatus.htm

    The fossil was found in the Green River Formation at Fossil Lake in Wyoming. It is 53.34 cm. (21 inches) in length. This fossil dates to the Bridgerian stage (50.3 - 46.2 million years ago) of the Eocene. [Note - Fossils of Lepisosteus simplex (Leidy 1873) and Lepisosteus atrox (Leidy 1873) have also been discovered in the Green River Formation.]

    Lepisosteus cuneatus was a fish of the Eocene. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Actinopterygii Klein 1885
Lepisosteiformes Hay 1929
Lepistosteidae Cuvier 1825
Lepisosteus Linnaeus 1758
Lepisosteus cuneatus Cope 1878

    Mark W. Westneat wrote an article titled Comparative and Developmental Functional Morphology of the Jaws of Living and Fossil Gars (Actinopterygii: Lepistosteidae). It was published in 2005 in the Journal of Morphology. The text is on this link. Lepisosteus cuneatus is discussed on pages 7, 10, 11, 12, 13,
and 14.
http://fm1.fieldmuseum.org/aa/Files/westneat/GarJaws.pdf

    Neal Robbins

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#3087

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 10, 2010 2:18 am
Subject: Lepisosteus oculatus - A Living Gar Species

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    These links have photos of Lepisosteus oculatus.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lepisosteus_oculatus_03.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lepisosteus_oculatus_1.jpg

    Lepisosteus oculatus is a living relative of the Cretaceous gar Lepisosteus indicus and the Eocene gar Lepisosteus cuneatus. The Lepisosteus genus is extremely old.
    Lepisosteus oculatus is often called the Spotted Gar. This fish is native to North America. It inhabits streams, rivers, lakes, and marshes. The Spotted Gar generally lives in waters with depths of 3-5 m. (9.8-16.4 feet). Lepisosteus oculatus occasionally goes into brackish waters.
    Lepisosteus oculatus is 10-91.4 cm. (3.9 inches - 3 feet) long. The average length is about 76 cm. (2.5 feet). Females are larger than males. Lepisosteus oculatus weighs 1-4 kg. (2.2-8.8 pounds). The coloration is brown or deep olive-green. The underside is whitish or yellowish. There are many dark spots on the body, head, and fins. Stripes are located on the sides of the body. Lepisosteus oculatus has ganoid scales.
    The diet of Lepisosteus oculatus includes crustaceans (for example, crayfish), bass, sunfish, shiners, shad, crappies, and gizzards. Juveniles sometimes feed on mosquito larvae. Lepisosteus oculatus is especially active in hunting prey at night. The lifespan of Lepisosteus oculatus is up to 18 years in captivity.
    Spawning takes place in late spring or early spring. Females lay thousands of eggs during that time. More than one male can be involved in fertilizing the eggs laid by a particular female. After the eggs are laid, the adults do not watch over them. The eggs hatch in about a week. Hatchling are about 2.5 cm. (.098 in.) in length. They attach themselves to aquatic plants for a while. Males reach breeding maturity at 2-3 years of age. Females are 3-4 years old when they start breeding.
    The swim bladder of Lepisosteus oculatus has many blood vessels which function in a similar way to lungs. Lepisosteus oculatus sometimes goes to the surface of the water to open and close its jaws. This facilitates taking fresh water into the swim bladder. For this reason, Lepisosteus oculatus can live in water that has a low oxygen content.
    This publication is a reference:

K. Schultz (2004). Ken Schultz's Field Guide to Freshwater Fish. Hoboken, N.J. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

    Neal Robbins

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#3088

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 10, 2010 2:42 pm
Subject: Doliosauriscus - A Therapsid of the Permian

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These links have illustrations of Doliosauriscus.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Doliosauriscus1DB.jpg

http://dino.disneyjazz.net/f17.html

Doliosauriscus was a therapsid of the Permian. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Synapsida Osborn 1903

Therapsida Broom 1905

Dinocephalia Seeley 1895

Anteosauridae Boonstra 1954

Doliosauriscus Kuhn 1961

Doliosauriscus yanshinovi (type) Kuhn 1961=Doliosaurus yanshinovi Orlov 1958

Doliosauriscus adamanteus Kuhn 1961=Doliosaurus adamanteus Orlov 1958

Doliosauriscus was a carnivore. Fossil remains of it have been found in Russia. They date to the early part of the Tatarian interval. [Note - The Tatarian was 265 - 251 million years ago.]

This excerpt from Palaeos Vertebrates gives information about Doliosauriscus yanshinovi:

Doliosauriscus yanshinovi (Orlov 1958)

Type species

Locality: Kamennyi Valley, near Isheevo, Cis-Uralian, Perm Region, Russia

Age : Lower Tatarian Substage, Middle Permian ("Zone II")

Material: skull (left), length 530 cm, and skeleton (below)

Along with Titanophoneus, this is the largest species of anteosaur from Isheevo. According to Olson (1962), there is an excellent skull (right), with some restoration and some flattening. The skull is high and straight, the orbits and pineal opening not very large. All dorsal (upper) skull bones thickened with tuberosities, the parietals (in the middle rear) greatly so.

Olson (1962) suggests that the crushing may be somewhat less extensive than Orlov's restorations suggest and that the skull was proportionately somewhat lower and broader than that of Titanophoneus. The postorbital bar is very large and forms a strong bar between the orbit and the temporal opening, for the attachment of the jaw musculature is typically brithopodid, the basic structure much the same as in Titanophoneus and Syodon

This excerpt has data on Doliosauriscus adamanteus

Doliosauriscus adamanteus (Orlov 1958)

Locality: Malyi Uran (Churan), Russia

Age: Lower Tatarian Substage, Middle Permian ("Zone II")

Material: Known from the skull (right) A,. Skull in lateral aspect as preserved B Lower jaw and teeth. There is no certainty these come from the same animal. Both from Malyi Uran locality. Skull length 500-550 mm.

This species is based on a specimen from Malyi Uran (Malouran). Olson (1962) suggests that this specimen is sufficiently different from D. yanshanovi that it might well be considered a different genus, related more closely to Titanophoneus.

Neal Robbins

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#3089

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Fri Sep 10, 2010 11:56 pm
Subject: Metapelma archetypon - A Hymenopteran Insect of the Eocene

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    Metapelma archetypon was an insect of the Eocene. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Arthropoda Latreille 1829
Insecta Linnaeus 1758
Hymenoptera Linnaeus 1758
Apocrita Gerstaecker 1867
Chalcidoidea Latreille 1817
Eupelmidae Walker 1833
Neanasterinae Kalina 1984
Metapelma Westwood 1835
Metapelma archetypon Gibson 2009

    Gary A.P. Gibson wrote an article titled Description of three new genera and four new species of Neastatinae (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) from Baltic amber, with discussion of their relationships to extant taxa. It was published in 2009 in ZooKeys 20: 175-214. The complete text is on this link. Fossil photos are included.
http://pensoftonline.net/zookeys/index.php/journal/article/view/161

    Neal Robbins

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#3090

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sat Sep 11, 2010 12:21 am
Subject: Eupelmus urozonus - A Living Relative of Metapelma archetypon

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    Eupelmus urozonus is a living relative of the Eocene insect Metapelma
archetypon. Both are in the family Eupelmidae. However, they are in different
subfamilies. Eupelmus urozonus is a member of the Eupelminae subfamily.
Metapelma archetypon is in the subfamily Neastatinae.

    These links have photos of Eupelmus urozonus.
http://ponent.atspace.org/fotos/ins/Hymenop/Chalcid/Eupelmidae/Eupelmus/E_urozonus/P5035/eupelmus_urozonus_01_p05035_lamitjana.jpg

http://www.wsl.ch/fe/walddynamik/waldinsekten/antagonisten/index_DE/hymenoptera_DE

[Note - Photos of other insects are also on this link. The picture of Eupelmus urozonus can be reached by scrolling down.]

    This link has important information about Eupelmus urozonus.
http://hedgerowmobile.com/Eupelmusurozonus.html

    Neal Robbins

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#3091

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sat Sep 11, 2010 7:40 am
Subject: Metriorhynchus - A Marine Crocodyliform Reptile of the Jurassic

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    These links have illustrations of Metriorhynchus.
http://critters.pixel-shack.com/WebImages/crittersgallery/Metriorhynchus.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Metriorhynchus_dubr1DB.jpg

    This link has a fossil photo of Metriorhynchus superciliosus.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Metriorhynchus_superciliosus.jpg

    Metriorhynchus was a genus of marine crocodyliform reptiles that lived during the Jurassic. The systematic paleontology of Metriorhynchus is:

Reptilia Laurenti 1768
Crocodylomorpha Hay 1930 sensu Walker 1970
Crocodyliformes Hay 1930 Benton and Clark 1988
Mesoeucrocodylia Whetstone and Whybrow 1983
Thalattosuchia Fraas 1901
Metriorhynchidae von Meyer 1830
Metriorhynchus von Meyer 1830
Metriorhynchus geoffroyii (type) von Meyer 1832
M. durobrivensis Andrews 1913=Suchodus durobrivensis Lydekker 1890
M. hastifer Eudes-Deslongchamps 1867
M. superciliosus Blainville 1853
M. palpebrosus Phillips 1871
M. potens Rusconi 1948
M. casamiquelai Gasparini and Chong 1977
M. westermanni Gasparini 1980

    Metriorhynchus had a length of about 3 m. (9.8 feet). It is related to the crocodiles of today. Metriorhynchus is in the family Metriorhynchidae, which also includes Dakosaurus, Geosaurus, and Neptunidraco.
    The members of the Metriorhynchidae family win the prize for having been the most unusual crocodyliform reptiles in the history of our planet Earth. They were completely suited for an aquatic lifestyle. These creatures had paddles instead of feet. In addition, they had a forked tail, which is also a feature of many fishes, dolphins, and whales. The Mesozoic reptiles called ichthyosaurs
also had this characteristic. Furthermore, the metriorhynchid reptiles had salt glands. This enabled them to get rid of unwanted salt.
    Metriorhynchus geoffroyi is the type species. Fossil remains of this species that date to the Kimmeridgian (156 -151 million years ago) have been found in France. Fossils of the species of Metriorhynchus have also been unearthed in Britain and Germany.
    Ricardo Araujo, Adam S. Smith, and Jeff Liston wrote an article titled THE ALFRED LEEDS FOSSIL VERTEBRATE COLLECTION OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF
IRELAND--NATURAL HISTORY. It was published in 2008 in the Irish Journal of Earth Sciences 26: 17-32. The authors discuss Metriorhynchus on pages 20, 21, 29, and 30. The full text is on this link.
http://www.plesiosauria.com/pdf/araujo_etal_2008.pdf

    Zulma Gasparini, Ariana Paulina-Carabajal, and Guillermo Chong wrote an article titled A new specimen of marine crocodyle from the middle Jurassic of northern Chile: revalidation of Metriorhynchus westermanni (Crocodyliformes: Metriorhynchidae). It was published in 2008 in Rev. geol. Chile, Vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 335-346. The complete text is on this link.
http://babelfish.yahoo.com/translate_url?trurl=http%3A%2F%2F www.scielo.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS0716-02082008000200008%26lng%3Den%26nrm%3Diso%26tlng%3Des&lp=es_en&.intl=us&fr=yfp-t-892>

This publication is a reference:

R. Gandola, E. Buffetaut, N. Monaghan, and G. Dyke. 2006. Salt glands in the fossil crocodile Metriorhynchus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(4): 1009-1010.

Neal Robbins

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#3092

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sat Sep 11, 2010 11:26 pm
Subject: Nandopsis woodringi - A Fish of the Miocene

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    Nandopsis woodringi was a fish of the Miocene. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Actinopterygii Klein 1885
Perciformes Bleeker 1859
Labroidei Bleeker 1859
Cichlidae Haeckel 1840
Cichlasomatinae Kullander 1998
Heroini Kullander 1998
Nandopsis Gill 1872
Nandopsis woodringi Chakrabarty 2006=Cichlasoma woodringi Cockerell 1924

    Fossil remains of Nandopsis woodringi were found in Haiti. Prosanta Chakrabarty wrote an article titled TAXONOMIC STATUS OF THE HISPANIOLAN CICHLIDAE. It was published in 2006 in Occasional Papers of the Musuem of Zoology University of Michigan. Nandopsis woodringi is discussed in the abstract
and on pages 1, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15. The complete text is on this link.
http://www.prosanta.net/docs/Hispaniolacichlids2006.pdf

    Neal Robbins

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#3093

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sat Sep 11, 2010 11:30 pm
Subject: Pterophyllum altum - A Living Relative of Nandopsis woodringi

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    These links have photos of Pterophyllum altum.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pterophyllum_altum.jpg

http://aquaworld.netfirms.com/Cichlidae/Pterophyllum_altum.htm

http://www.aquahobby.com/gallery/e_altum.php

    Pterophyllum altum is a living relative of the Eocene Nandopsis woodringi. Both are in the order Perciformes, the suborder Labroidei, the family Cichlidae, the subfamily Cichlasomatinae and the tribe Heroini.
    Pterophyluum altum is native to South America. It is found in southeast Colombia, northern Brazil, and the Upper Rio Negro Watershed and Orinoco River Basin in Venezuela.
    The average length of this fish is about 17.8 cm. (7 inches). The
depth (including the finnage) is about 25.4 cm. (10 inches). The body of Pterophyllum altum has a triangular shape.
    The base color of Pterophyllum altum is silver. It has three vertical stripes that are brownish/red. The fins have red striations. Adults sometimes have red spots and a dorsal green overcast.
    The diet of Pterophyllum altum largely consists of other fish and insect larvae. The lower pharyngeal bones are fused into one tooth-bearing structure. There is a complete set of muscles that enables the upper and lower pharyngeal bones to be used as a second set of jaws. They are used for processing food.
    Males and females of this species form monogamous relationships. The female lays the eggs on leaves, rocks, or tree trunks that have fallen into the water. The male fertilizes the eggs. He chases off predators while the female fans water over the eggs. After they hatch, the female also accompanies the fry (young) while foraging for food.
    Pterophyllum and other members of the Cichlidae family have some physical characteristics that differentiate them from other fishes of the Labroidei suborder. For example, each side of the forehead has only one nostril, instead of two. The small intestine of cichlids has a left-side exit from the stomach. In other Labroidei the exit is from the right side. The Cichlidae do not have a bony shelf under the orbit of the eye. The lateral organ of the Cichlidae
(except for the genera Gobiocichla and Teleogramma) is divided into two sections. One is on the upper half of the flank. The other is located on the midline of the flank. It is extended from halfway along the body to the base of the tail.

     This publication is a reference:

Rainer Froese and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Cichlidae" in FishBase.

    Neal Robbins

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#3094

From: Neal Robbins <ctn47496@...>
Date: Sun Sep 12, 2010 3:27 pm
Subject: Kleskunsaurus - A Lizard of the Cretaceous

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    Kleskunsaurus was a lizard of the Cretaceous. The systematic paleontology of it is:

Reptilia Laurenti 1768
Squamata Oppel 1811
Scleroglossa Estes et al. 1988
Scincomorpha Camp 1923
Borioteiioidea Nydam et al. 2010
Kleskunsaurus Nydam et al. 2010
Kleskunsaurus grandeprairiensis Nydam et al. 2010

    The holotype of Kleskunsaurus was found in the Waptiti Formation at Kleskun Park in Peace River County in Alberta, Canada. It dates to the Campanian age (83.5 - 70.6 million years ago) of the Cretaceous. Randall L. Nydam, Michael W. Caldwell, and Federico Fanti wrote an article titled Borioteiioidean lizard
skulls from Kleskun Hill (Wapiti Formation; upper Campanian), west-central Alberta, Canada. It was published in 2010 in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(4): 1090-1099. The abstract is on this link.
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all?content=10.1080/02724634.2010.483539

    This link has an article that was published in 2010 in a Canadian newspaper called The Standard. The title is Ancient Lizard Finally Given a Name.
http://www.stcatharinesstandard.ca/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=2703297

    Randall L. Nydam, Jeffrey G. Eaton, and Julia Sankey wrote an article titled NEW TAXA OF TRANSVERSELY-TOOTHED LIZARDS (SQUAMATA: SCINCOMORPHA) AND NEW
INFORMATION ON THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF "TEIIDS". It was published in 2007 in the Journal of Paleontology 81(3): 538-549. The authors discuss Borioteiioidea, i.e. the superfamily in which Kleskunsaurus is a member. The full text is on
this link.
http://geology.csustan.edu/julia/pdf/nydam-2007.pdf

    Neal Robbins

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