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The Tolerance of the Prophet towards Other Religions (part 2 of 2): Religious
Autonomy and Politics
Description: Many mistakenly believe that Islam does not tolerate the existence
of other religions present in the world. This article discusses some of the
foundations the Prophet Muhammad himself laid in dealing with people of other
faiths, with a practical examples from his lifetime. Part 2: More examples
from the Prophet’s life which portray his tolerance of other religions.
There are many other examples during the lifetime of the Prophet, may the mercy
and blessings of God be upon him, in addition to the Saheefah that practically
portray the tolerance Islam shows for other religions.
Freedom of Religious Assembly and Religious Autonomy
Given consent by the constitution, the Jews had the complete freedom to practice
their religion. The Jews in Medina at the time of the Prophet had their own
school of learning, named Bait-ul-Midras, where they would recite the Torah,
worship and educate themselves.
The Prophet emphasized in many letters to his emissaries that religious
institutions should not be harmed. Here in a letter addressed to his emissary
to the religious leaders of Saint Catherine in Mount Sinai who has sought the
protection of the Muslims:
“This is a message from Muhammad ibn Abdullah, as a covenant to those who
adopt Christianity, near and far, we are with them. Verily I, the servants,
the helpers, and my followers defend them, because Christians are my citizens;
and by God! I hold out against anything that displeases them. No compulsion
is to be on them. Neither are their judges to be removed from their jobs nor
their monks from their monasteries. No one is to destroy a house of their
religion, to damage it, or to carry anything from it to the Muslims’ houses.
Should anyone take any of these, he would spoil God’s covenant and disobey His
Prophet. Verily, they are my allies and have my secure charter against all
that they hate. No one is to force them to travel or to oblige them to
fight. The Muslims are to fight for them. If a female Christian is married
to a Muslim, it is not to take place without her approval. She is not to be
prevented from visiting her
church to pray. Their churches are declared to be protected. They are
neither to be prevented from repairing them nor the sacredness of their
covenants. No one of the nation (Muslims) is to disobey the covenant till the
Last Day (end of the world).”[1]
As one can see, this Charter consisted of several clauses covering all important
aspects of human rights, including such topics as the protection of minorities
living under Islamic rule, freedom of worship and movement, freedom to appoint
their own judges and to own and maintain their property, exemption from military
service, and the right to protection in war.
On another occasion, the Prophet received a delegation of sixty Christians from
the region of Najran, then a part of Yemen, at his mosque. When the time for
their prayer came, they faced the direction of east and prayed. The Prophet
ordered that they be left in their state and not harmed.
Politics
There are also examples in the life of the Prophet in which he cooperated
between with people of other faiths in the political arena as well. He
selected a non-Muslim, Amr-ibn Umaiyah-ad-Damri, as an ambassador to be sent to
Negus, the King of Ethiopia.
These are only some of the examples of the Prophet’s tolerance of other
faiths. Islam recognizes that there are a plurality of religions on this
earth, and gives the right to individuals to choose the path which they believe
to be true. Religion is not to be, and was never, forced upon an individual
against their own will, and these examples from the life of the Prophet are an
epitome of the verse of the Quran which promotes religious tolerance and sets
the guideline for the Muslims’ interaction with people of other faiths. God
says:
“…There is no compulsion in religion…” (Quran 2:256)
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Photography backgrounds is very influence to the subjects in the
captured results such as the influence of color between backgrounds and
the subjects.The background or a background color that is not in
accordance with the subjects or subjects color will be able to damage
the image.Here are some tips to dealing with distracting backgrounds at
http://photography-shoot.blogspot.com/
<http://photography-shoot.blogspot.com/>
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Posing the female model is the responsibility of the model herself and her
photographer.
THE CONTOUR OF A LEG in any standing position depends upon the degree of tension
at the knee. This affects the physical outline of the leg and influences the
viewer's impression or interpretation of the position.
Too often and too late ... legs do not appear in a finished picture as you
thought they would. The trick is to exercise control of the knee and see that it
adds to the significance of the leg.
After a leg position is established, note the tautness and position of the knee.
Is it tensed until it appears bowed? Does it look straight? Does it curve, or is
it angular? Actually, none of these positions is wrong ... if it serves the
right purpose.
The taut knee position with its bowed effect is associated with the young and
awkward. It is often used to characterize a cocky individual or give a comic
impression. Sometimes this position occurs unintentionally when a model shifts
too much weight to one leg and forgets to ease the knee before the camera
clicks.
When both knees are forced back with pressure or undue tension, they appear
bowed like barrel staves.
The relaxed knee is actually a flexed knee. It is purposely relaxed or slightly
bent to keep it from looking stiff. This position appears perfectly normal in a
picture and lends ease and flexibility to a straight stance.
The bent knee can present the leg as a long curve or a sharp angle. A slight
curve accentuates the flowing line of the leg and its natural contour. If it is
bent at a sharp angle, the angle usually assumes more importance than the leg's
contour.
FEET
play an important part in the arrangement of leg positions and are interesting
in themselves.
Did you know
... the position of the feet can make the legs look either long or short?
... that feet can make the legs appear graceful or awkward?
... that feet can indicate whether the legs are relaxed or tense and can express
many other
qualities important to you pictorially?
It is hard to realize that even though the ankle joint is a swivel-type joint,
capable of moving in almost any direction, the important views, so far as the
camera is concerned, all stem from simple movements.
There are just two of these movements; one is the hinge-like action that
elevates the heel or the toe (its action can be detected best from the side view
or the foot).
The other movement is best seen from the front view of the foot: the ankle rolls
in and out - from side to side.
These movements of the ankle, whether used singly or in combination, affect the
appearance of the foot regardless of the camera's viewpoint.
Let's examine the first simple movement of the ankle in detail when posing the
female model:
FIRST MOVEMENT OF THE ANKLE
is an up-and-down action and is best illustrated in a side view of the foot. The
relation of the heel to the toe identifies its position. The heel moves from a
position higher than the toe to a position lower than the toe.
With the heel in its highest position, the toes curl back and form a continuous
curve with the instep. This position denotes trained control and is used
primarily by dancers, divers, acrobats and other skilled performers because it
adds maximum length to the leg. It is often misused by models in would-be
spontaneous or candid-type pictures; tension in this position is easily
detected.
For naturalness and ease, without sacrificing the length of the leg to any
notable degree, the toes remain relaxed while the instep alone arches down. This
streamline position is popular whether the foot is bare or encased in
high-heeled shoes, whether it touches a support or is suspended in space.
As the heel drops closer to the ground, the length of the leg diminishes. When
the heel touches ground, the leg looks quite stubby.
When posing the female model, she and the photographer needs to know what this
position will convey to the camera.
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Panning is a technique that can produce extraordinary results,
especially moving subjects with consistently practice.Shutter speed will
give a significant impact on our picture taken, especially if the
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<http://photography-shoot.blogspot.com/%20%20>
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