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#156 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Fri Dec 30, 2005 1:47 am
Subject: TRANSHUMANISTS OF THE WORLD: UNITE !!! jose_cordeiro
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Dear transhumanist friends,

The year 2005 has been a relatively good year for the advancement of transhumanist ideas worldwide, and hopefully 2006 will be much better. We are in an accelerating process and things are just picking up speed. Please, don't forget to add your name to the growing list of transhumanists around the world:

http://www.frappr.com/transhumanists

All transhumanists in the planet have to work more actively if we really believe in our cause. Thus, if you are extropian, singularitarian, immortalist, cryonicist... or simply transhumanist... let's unite our efforts for a better world. Indeed, for a better universe and multiverse...

FELICES FIESTAS

HAPPY HOLIDAYS

BUONE FESTE

MEILLEURS V�UX

PRETTIGE FEESTDAGEN

GOD JUL

BOAS FESTAS

圣诞快乐

メリークリスマス

Sorry for missing so many other languages, but have a very happy 2006, 2060, 2600, 6200... forever...

Transhumanistically yours,

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#155 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Thu Dec 22, 2005 3:45 am
Subject: THE ECONOMIST: The robots are coming... from Japan... jose_cordeiro
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http://www.economist.com/World/asia/displayStory.cfm?story_id=5323427

Special Report

Japan's humanoid robots

Better than people

Dec 20th 2005 | TOKYO
From The Economist print edition

Why the Japanese want their robots to act more like humans

Getty Images

HER name is MARIE, and her impressive set of skills comes in handy in a nursing home. MARIE can walk around under her own power. She can distinguish among similar-looking objects, such as different bottles of medicine, and has a delicate enough touch to work with frail patients. MARIE can interpret a range of facial expressions and gestures, and respond in ways that suggest compassion. Although her language skills are not ideal, she can recognise speech and respond clearly. Above all, she is inexpensive . Unfortunately for MARIE, however, she has one glaring trait that makes it hard for Japanese patients to accept her: she is a flesh-and-blood human being from the Philippines. If only she were a robot instead.

Robots, you see, are wonderful creatures, as many a Japanese will tell you. They are getting more adept all the time, and before too long will be able to do cheaply and easily many tasks that human workers do now. They will care for the sick, collect the rubbish, guard homes and offices, and give directions on the street.

Many workers from low-wage countries are eager to work in Japan. The Philippines, for example, has over 350,000 trained nurses, and has been pleading with Japan�which accepts only a token few�to let more in. Foreign pundits keep telling Japan to do itself a favour and make better use of cheap imported labour. But the consensus among Japanese is that visions of a future in which immigrant workers live harmoniously and unobtrusively in Japan are pure fancy. Making humanoid robots is clearly the simple and practical way to go.

Japan certainly has the technology. It is already the world leader in making industrial robots, which look nothing like pets or people but increasingly do much of the work in its factories. Japan is also racing far ahead of other countries in developing robots with more human features, or that can interact more easily with people. A government report released this May estimated that the market for �service robots� will reach �1.1 trillion ($10 billion) within a decade.

The country showed off its newest robots at a world exposition this summer in Aichi prefecture. More than 22m visitors came, 95% of them Japanese. The robots stole the show, from the nanny robot that babysits to a Toyota that plays a trumpet. And Japan's robots do not confine their talents to controlled environments. As they gain skills and confidence, robots such as Sony's QRIO (pronounced �curio�) and Honda's ASIMO are venturing to unlikely places. They have attended factory openings, greeted foreign leaders, and rung the opening bell on the New York Stock Exchange. ASIMO can even take the stage to accept awards.

The friendly face of technology

So Japan will need workers, and it is learning how to make robots that can do many of their jobs. But the country's keen interest in robots may also reflect something else: it seems that plenty of Japanese really like dealing with robots.

Few Japanese have the fear of robots that seems to haunt westerners in seminars and Hollywood films. In western popular culture, robots are often a threat, either because they are manipulated by sinister forces or because something goes horribly wrong with them. By contrast, most Japanese view robots as friendly and benign. Robots like people, and can do good.

The Japanese are well aware of this cultural divide, and commentators devote lots of attention to explaining it. The two most favoured theories, which are assumed to reinforce each other, involve religion and popular culture.

Most Japanese take an eclectic approach to religious beliefs, and the native religion, Shintoism, is infused with animism: it does not make clear distinctions between inanimate things and organic beings. A popular Japanese theory about robots, therefore, is that there is no need to explain why Japanese are fond of them: what needs explaining, rather, is why westerners allow their Christian hang-ups to get in the way of a good technology. When Honda started making real progress with its humanoid-robot project, it consulted the Vatican on whether westerners would object to a robot made in man's image.

Getty Images

Japanese popular culture has also consistently portrayed robots in a positive light, ever since Japan created its first famous cartoon robot, Tetsuwan Atomu, in 1951. Its name in Japanese refers to its atomic heart. Putting a nuclear core into a cartoon robot less than a decade after Hiroshima and Nagasaki might seem an odd way to endear people to the new character. But Tetsuwan Atom�being a robot, rather than a human�was able to use the technology for good.

Over the past half century, scores of other Japanese cartoons and films have featured benign robots that work with humans, in some cases even blending with them. One of the latest is a film called �Hinokio�, in which a reclusive boy sends a robot to school on his behalf and uses virtual-reality technology to interact with classmates. Among the broad Japanese public, it is a short leap to hope that real-world robots will soon be able to pursue good causes, whether helping to detect landmines in war-zones or finding and rescuing victims of disasters.

The prevailing view in Japan is that the country is lucky to be uninhibited by robophobia. With fewer of the complexes that trouble many westerners, so the theory goes, Japan is free to make use of a great new tool, just when its needs and abilities are happily about to converge. �Of all the nations involved in such research,� the Japan Times wrote in a 2004 editorial, �Japan is the most inclined to approach it in a spirit of fun.�

These sanguine explanations, however, may capture only part of the story. Although they are at ease with robots, many Japanese are not as comfortable around other people. That is especially true of foreigners. Immigrants cannot be programmed as robots can. You never know when they will do something spontaneous, ask an awkward question, or use the wrong honorific in conversation. But, even leaving foreigners out of it, being Japanese, and having always to watch what you say and do around others, is no picnic.

It is no surprise, therefore, that Japanese researchers are forging ahead with research on human interfaces. For many jobs, after all, lifelike features are superfluous. A robotic arm can gently help to lift and reposition hospital patients without being attached to a humanoid form. The same goes for robotic spoons that make it easier for the infirm to feed themselves, power suits that help lift heavy grocery bags, and a variety of machines that watch the house, vacuum the carpet and so on. Yet the demand for better robots in Japan goes far beyond such functionality. Many Japanese seem to like robot versions of living creatures precisely because they are different from the real thing.

An obvious example is AIBO, the robotic dog that Sony began selling in 1999. The bulk of its sales have been in Japan, and the company says there is a big difference between Japanese and American consumers. American AIBO buyers tend to be computer geeks who want to hack the robotic dog's programming and delve in its innards. Most Japanese consumers, by contrast, like AIBO because it is a clean, safe and predictable pet.

AIBO is just a fake dog. As the country gets better at building interactive robots, their advantages for Japanese users will multiply. Hiroshi Ishiguro, a robotocist at Osaka University, cites the example of asking directions. In Japan, says Mr Ishiguro, people are even more reluctant than in other places to approach a stranger. Building robotic traffic police and guides will make it easier for people to overcome their diffidence.

Karl MacDorman, another researcher at Osaka, sees similar social forces at work. Interacting with other people can be difficult for the Japanese, he says, �because they always have to think about what the other person is feeling, and how what they say will affect the other person.� But it is impossible to embarrass a robot, or be embarrassed, by saying the wrong thing.

To understand how Japanese might find robots less intimidating than people, Mr MacDorman has been investigating eye movements, using headsets that monitor where subjects are looking. One oft-cited myth about Japanese, that they rarely make eye contact, is not really true. When answering questions put by another Japanese, Mr MacDorman's subjects made eye contact around 30% of the time. But Japanese subjects behave intriguingly when they talk to Mr Ishiguro's android, ReplieeQ1. The android's face has been modeled on that of a famous newsreader, and sophisticated actuators allow it to mimic her facial movements. When answering the android's questions, Mr MacDorman's Japanese subjects were much more likely to look it in the eye than they were a real person. Mr MacDorman wants to do more tests, but he surmises that the discomfort many Japanese feel when dealing with other people has something to do with his results, and that they are much more at ease when talking to an android.

Eventually, interactive robots are going to become more common, not just in Japan but in other rich countries as well. As children and the elderly begin spending time with them, they are likely to develop emotional reactions to such lifelike machines. That is human nature. Upon meeting Sony's QRIO, your correspondent promptly referred to it as �him� three times, despite trying to remember that it is just a battery-operated device.

What seems to set Japan apart from other countries is that few Japanese are all that worried about the effects that hordes of robots might have on its citizens. Nobody seems prepared to ask awkward questions about how it might turn out. If this bold social experiment produces lots of isolated people, there will of course be an outlet for their loneliness: they can confide in their robot pets and partners. Only in Japan could this be thought less risky than having a compassionate Filipina drop by for a chat.

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#154 From: wta-hungary@...
Date: Sun Dec 11, 2005 8:03 am
Subject: Must must read wta-hungary@...
Send Email

Interest rates have never been lower visit us to refinance you home now. Very
Very Low.

http://www.h73282.net/

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#153 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Wed Dec 7, 2005 4:57 am
Subject: Altran Foundation for Innovation 2006 Award: Innovation & energy jose_cordeiro
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The 2006 Altran Foundation for Innovation Award will go to most
> innovative project(s) dealing with the global concern about energy.
> From exploration and transformation of energy sources to environmental
> impact management and energy efficiency.
>
> Whereas the globe�s population has only been multiplied 4 times,
> worldwide energy consumption is 10 times higher today than it was at
> the start of the 20th Century. This trend could be confirmed in the
> future: estimates show that the world�s energy consumption could
> increase by 60% between 2000 and 2020 and double again by 2050.
> Moreover, energy distribution in the world is highly unequal. Indeed,
> half of the earth�s available energy is consumed by only 15% of the
> world population.
>
> Providing a better productivity, a better availability and an
> increased safety, research and innovation can lead to a sustainable
> energy in line with environmental concerns and benefiting all.
>
> Deadline for submission of applications: January, 11th 2006.
>
> Information: www.altran-foundation.org
>
> Some likely areas of research are:
>
> Production and transformation of energy
> - Energy sources: fossil, nuclear, renewable�
> - Hydrogen
> - Fuel cell
> - Biofuels
> - �
>
> Energy storage and transportation
> - Storage and transportation safety
> - Storage and transportation productivity and performance
> - Transportation technologies and management
> - Storage technologies
> - ...
>
> Energy optimization (energy efficiency and safety)
> - Housing
> - Industry
> - Transport
> - Education and training on energy consumption
> - �
>
> Energy and the environment
> - Reduction of green house effect gas emissions
> - Waste management
> - Management of production sites� environmental impact
> - �
>
> This above list is by no means complete and is only given as a guide.
> If you have further questions, please contact the Foundation at: +33 1
> 44 09 54 47
> ..
> Information: www.altran-foundation.org
> candidate@...

>
> A European leader in innovation and technology consulting, Altran
> created the Foundation in 1996 to promote and sustain technological
> innovation for human benefit.

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#152 From: raul sam <raulsam2052@...>
Date: Thu Oct 6, 2005 10:35 am
Subject: REQUEST FOR ASSISTING THESIS WORK! raulsam2052
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Hi Dear Friend,

I am a Master student in Sweden, doing my thesis work which is part of my Masters Degree. The thesis work is about �Website Evaluation�, in simple words making the website more user friendly. The site which we are evaluating is for HUNGARY Website for a lock company based in Stockholm.

We would like your participation in this survey which is completely voluntary, and will take approximately 5 minutes to complete the questionnaire. Your response is very valuable in improving the website which in turn helps in completing our Master Thesis successfully.

If you are willing to participate in our Survey please reply this e-mail back, after then we will be sending you the questionnaire (�Questionnaire on Website Evaluation�).

Looking forward for your reply,

Thanking You,

Raul.

Yahoo! for Good
Click here to donate to the Hurricane Katrina relief effort.

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#151 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Fri Sep 30, 2005 6:58 am
Subject: The Economist: The $100 computer arrives! jose_cordeiro
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http://www.economist.com/business/displayStory.cfm?story_id=4462822

Computing

Cheap tricks

Sep 29th 2005
From The Economist print edition

A $100 laptop for the poor could affect the computer industry

THE idea is as audacious as it altruistic: provide a personal laptop computer to every schoolchild�particularly in the poorest parts of the world. The first step to making that happen is whittling the price down to $100. And that is the goal of a group of American techno-gurus led by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of the fabled MIT Media Lab. When he unveiled the idea at the World Economic Forum in January it seemed wildly ambitious. But surprisingly, it is starting to become a reality. Mr Negroponte plans to display the first prototype in November at a UN summit. Five countries�China, Brazil, Egypt, Thailand and South Africa�have said they will buy over 1m units each. Production is due to start in late 2006.

Computer technology

Debt and development

How is the group, called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC), able to create a laptop so inexpensively? It is mainly a matter of cleverly combining existing technologies in new ways. The laptop will have a basic processor made by AMD, flash memory instead of a hard disk, will be powered by batteries or a hand-crank, and will run open-source software. The $100 laptop also puts all the components behind the screen, not under the keyboard, so there is no need for an expensive hinge. So far, OLPC has got the price down to around $130.

But good news for the world's poor, may not be such great news for the world's computer manufacturers. The new machine is not simply of interest in the developing world. On September 22nd, Mitt Romney, the governor of Massachusetts, said the state should purchase one for every secondary-school student, when they become available.

Sales to schools are just one way in which the $100 laptop could change the computer industry more broadly. By depressing prices and fuelling the trend for �good-enough computing�, where customers upgrade less often, it could eventually put pressure on the world's biggest PC-makers.

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#150 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Mon Sep 12, 2005 2:33 am
Subject: From Budapest to Helsinki jose_cordeiro
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Dear Ildiko,

Great to hear from you and I just had some time to look at your interesting materials. Too many fascinating ideas put together:-)

I am happy that you already registered with the WTA, and I am sharing this info with other WTA friends who might be interested in some of your multiple research areas.

I am also copying my friend Ari Heljakka, who will also love your material and is organizing the next transhumanist conference in Helsinki next year. I hope to see you in Finland and that you present some of your fascinating ideas there...

Transhumanistically yours,

La vie est belle!

Jose

Visegr�di Ildik� <visegradi@...> wrote:
From: Ildik� Visegr�di
principal consultant, project leader
Human and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Institute for Strategic Research, Hungary
E-mail: visegradi@...

To: Jos� Luis Cordeiro
independent consultant, writer, researcher, professor, traveler,
lifetime member of the Sigma Xi and Tau Beta Pi,
Main Cyborg of WTA...
(excuse me, sir, I can not enumerate your all admirable positions)
E-mail: jose@...

Dear Jos�,

I am pleased with meeting you at the 19th WFSF Conference, Budapest, 2005.
As I promised I send our institute's main research list. (Attached.)

I joined in the World Transhuman Association and I'm looking for the contact
other Hungarian members and those people you gave the address.

Our two independent research groups (Istv�n Dienes's and mine) also
interested in participating all kinds of international co-operation, for
example organizing theme-specific research groups. We would like to be
associated with the National Science Foundation (USA) and offer our
experience, knowledge and suggestions for the Global Environment for
Networking Investigations (GENI-project), too.

My further 'transhumanist' researches and interests are the following:

Theoretical researches:
. Creating a new world-vision for the XXI. century (Meta-theory)
. Developing (and teaching) of quantum-theory, GUT, TOE
. Creating a new quantum-timedinamic model
. Role of the information in different levels (quantum-physical, molecular,
bio-chemical levels and macrophysical, macro-social, macro-economical and
global levels)
. Modeling of genetical inheritance
. Perspectives of the clones
. Designing personality-structures according to genetical information
. Designing mental structures, creating virtual personality simulations
(VPS), basically engrams, tacit and explicit knowledge, writings, preferred
values, interests and thoughts
. Modeling decision-making systems, further application of artificial
intelligence in the state administration & public administration systems
. Second life - alternate existence after death
. Relations among the brain-activity, the structure of the mind, the soul
and the consciousness

Applied researches and developments and other activities:
. Planning intelligent (self-structured) materials
. Research for non-biological personality-code (ID-frequency)
. Organizing light and music therapies
. Developing dynamical projective geometry and topology
. Dynamical holography and screenless applications
. Participation in the 'Virtual teacher' educational program
. Initiation of chaos-, system- and complexity theories to be involved into
the secondary school (high school) education program
. Comparing analysis of different public administration systems of countries
(in the present and the past).

If one or more from these research directions seems usable to your works (or
someone else who you know at the WTA), we can give further information, send
papers or presentations and anyone interested will be welcome to our future
conferences.

Sincerely and transhumanistically,

Ildik�

P. S. The Spielberg-film "A. I." based on a Brian W. Aldiss' short story:
Super-toys Last All Summer Long

Istv�n Dienes - Ildik� Visegr�di

INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGIC RESEARCH, HUNGARY

The five main research projects and some of their details

Interdisciplinary theoretical researches (grand unified theories, M-theory, theory of everything, metatheory)

Research for overlaps and similarities between the different sciences, philosophies, religions and arts and their theoretical and logical modelling. The main focus in this regard will be on the modelling of the logical structure and network of the conscious mind, which cognises and understands the reality and the different knowledge structures. With the creation of this unified logic structure we could study new strategies and overlaps between the above mentioned disciplines. We will try to create the mind and consciousness structures or manifolds of all the disciplines.

Research on consciousness, possible measurement of conscious energies, real-time simulation of the dynamics of consciousness, ID-frequency, virtual personality simulations

Unification of the latest theories of physics and consciousness. Theoretical refinement and exploration of the physics of consciousness which shows holographic inner structure. Creating mathematical foundations for the consciousness-holomatrix (self-awareness generated holographic information or organising matrix) and its application to model the conscious experience of reality. Theoretical specifications of the energy type of consciousness � which is (based on August Stern�s findings) probably a topological type of energy � and on that basis finding technological setups for its possible measurement. Clarification of the holographical link between the field of consciousness and the nervous system and on that basis real-time consciousness and nervous system simulation, setting up technology for the artificial self-conscious singularity generation.

Non-linear optics and dynamic holography, holomatrix, acoustic holography, screenless applications

On the basis of the holomatrix and consciousness-holomatrix theory we will try to model and experimentally verify the possibility to artificially excite and hold together independent and combined quantum fields � for example the photonfield or its combination with other fields. In the case of the electromagnetic field we will try to create holographically organised, computer generated dynamic holograms. Holographically generate virtual realities and trying to couple its fields directly to the nervous system � in this approach we will take into consideration the ground or vacuum state of the quantum fields and its possible superfluid nature and EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) like quantum information structure.

Quantum gravitation, micro-gravitation, measurement of gravitational effects

Extension of the above mentioned theoretical findings to the phenomenon of gravitation. In this case the main focus will be on the link between the field of gravity and electromagnetism. Artificial inertial mass reduction and enlargement. Analysis of the possible accompanying dimensional effects.

Participation in building quantum computers, design of unique and novel quantum computer architectures, artificial intelligence, quantum cryptography

Application of the logical projection of the consciousness-holomatrix theory in quantum regime. Artificial generation of awareness-matrices. The application of this principle in the field of computation, analysis of the brain�s functions as possible quantum computations and the projection of these mechanisms in other mediums. Theoretical and technological analysis of the hidden nature of the conscious thought energy structure (information or conscious singularity) from the point of view of quantum cryptography.

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#149 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Sep 3, 2005 8:15 pm
Subject: D�a Mundial de la libertad inform�tica Bolet�n gerenciadivu...
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D�a Mundial de la libertad inform�tica
Por : Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg gerenciadivulgar@...

El pr�ximo s�bado 10 de septiembre se celebra una fecha poco conocida por la gran mayor�a. Es el d�a del "Software Libre", el cual se refiere a la libertad de los usuarios para ejecutar, copiar, distribuir, estudiar, cambiar y mejorar el software. Est� basado en cuatro principios, que son:

La libertad de usar el programa, con cualquier prop�sito (libertad 0).
La libertad de estudiar c�mo funciona el programa, y adaptarlo a tus necesidades (libertad 1).
El acceso al c�digo fuente es una condici�n previa para esto. La libertad de distribuir copias, con lo que puedes ayudar a tu vecino (libertad 2).
La libertad de mejorar el programa y hacer p�blicas las mejoras a los dem�s, de modo que toda la comunidad se beneficie. (libertad 3). El acceso al c�digo fuente es un requisito previo para esto.

Los beneficios del "Software Libre" apuntan a uno de los derechos fundamentales de las personas que es el de la libertad de expresi�n. Esto quiere decir que no puede existir ning�n tipo de restricciones en el momento de distribuir programa alguno, ya que estos deben estar disponibles para uso comercial, desarrollo y distribuci�n.

En palabras de su creador, Richard Stallman, el "Software Libre" tiene que llegar a las manos de todas las personas que deseen tener acceso a los programas, para lo cual se est�n desarrollando nuevos materiales que permiten obtener la entrada deseada.

Proyecto GNU

GNU es un acr�nimo recursivo que significa "GNU No es Unix".

Es un sistema operativo libre creado por Stallman y termin� con el aporte de Linus Torvalds. Uno de los ejemplos mas claros hoy en dia es GNU/Linux, el sistema operativo original que es libre y sin fines lucrativos. Para ello se cre� la Fundaci�n del Software Libre (FSF), la cual tiene el prop�sito de alcanzar las metas de no comercializaci�n de los programas que actualmente se manejan en los campos computacionales y para proveer soportes log�sticos, legales y financieros al proyecto GNU.

El pr�ximo s�bado varias universidades p�blicas y privadas de Colombia se sumar�n a la jornada mundial, con eventos, conferencias abiertas para apoyar el "Software Libre" en el mundo. Con el lema "Un Software libre para una Sociedad libre", donde libre no significa gratis sino que viene de libertad, hacktivistas del mundo est�n dando la batalla a nivel pol�tico legal para poder abrir las puertas de la programaci�n y circulaci�n de las ideas que vienen de quienes trabajan en en el �rea del dise�o y la programaci�n de Software.

Mayor informaci�n:

http://www.vivalinux.com.ar/eventos/dia-del-software-libre.html

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPL

http://www.gnu.org/home.es.html

__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around
http://mail.yahoo.com

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#148 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Thu Aug 25, 2005 4:36 pm
Subject: RE: URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26 August, 6:00pm jose_cordeiro
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Dear friends,

See you all tomorrow Friday at 6:00 pm in the Student Hotel (Menesi ut. 5). My picture is at www.cordeiro.org

Transhumanistically yours,

Jose

Dankahazi Lorant <dankahazi@...> wrote:

hi all,

i would be glad to have a meeting, we have planed it with Lajos and
Bernadett. (maybe in spring of 2004)
i think, it would be good to have meetings regularly with lot of member or
motivated as possible....

L.

---------------------------------------
e-mail: dankahazi@...

tel: (+36)20-97-11-415
icq: 28780250
web: http://w3.csodacsiga.hu/danka/

>From: "Daniel Tarr"
>Reply-To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
>To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
>Subject: RE: [wta-hungary] URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest,
>Friday 26 August, 6:00pm
>Date: Thu, 25 Aug 2005 07:55:14 +0000
>
>
>
>
>Dear Yos�,
>
>Thank you for calling, but I am engaged for that time. Maybe next time you
>should inform us a little bit more in advance. One day before seems a
>little bit too short for me to ulter my reality.
>
>As for the documents:
>http://www.freeweb.hu/tarrdaniel/documents/transhumanism.htm :))
>
>Best wishes,
>
>Daniel Tarr
>
>
>
>From: Jose Cordeiro
>Reply-To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
>To: WtaHungary , wtaboard@...
>Subject: [wta-hungary] URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26
>August, 6:00pm
>Date: Wed, 24 Aug 2005 23:26:41 -0700 (PDT)
>
>
>
>Dear Hungarian transhumanist friends,
>
>     I am very glad to be here in Budapest for the WFSF 19th World
>Conference. Thus, I would like to invite you all for a personal get
>together tomorrow Friday, August 26, at 6:00 pm (18:00 hours) in the
>Budapest Student Hotel: M�nesi �t 5:
>http://www.budapestfutures.org/programmes/farewell.html
>
>     The participants will receive information about the World
>Transhumanist Association, including our little booklet about transhumanism
>with the Declaration and the FAQ. You might meet some other members of the
>WFSF and hear about our next international transhumanist conference in
>Helsinki, Finland:-)
>
>     Transhumanistically yours,
>
>
>
>
>
>La vie est belle!
>
>Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)
>
>Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way,
>Multiverse
>
>
>
>YAHOO! GROUPS LINKS
>
>
> Visit your group "wta-hungary" on the web.
>
> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
> wta-hungary-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>
> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.
>
>
>
>
>
>
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La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#147 From: "Dankahazi Lorant" <dankahazi@...>
Date: Thu Aug 25, 2005 8:56 am
Subject: RE: URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26 August, 6:00pm dankahazi
Offline
Send Email

hi all,

i would be glad to have a meeting, we have planed it with Lajos and
Bernadett. (maybe in spring of 2004)
i think, it would be good to have meetings regularly with lot of member or
motivated as possible....



L.



---------------------------------------
e-mail:  dankahazi@...

tel:     (+36)20-97-11-415
icq:     28780250
web:  http://w3.csodacsiga.hu/danka/





>From: "Daniel Tarr" <tarrdaniel@...>
>Reply-To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
>To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
>Subject: RE: [wta-hungary] URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest,
>Friday 26 August, 6:00pm
>Date: Thu, 25 Aug 2005 07:55:14 +0000
>
>
>
>
>Dear Yos�,
>
>Thank you for calling, but I am engaged for that time. Maybe next time you
>should inform us a little bit more in advance. One day before seems a
>little bit too short for me to ulter my reality.
>
>As for the documents:
>http://www.freeweb.hu/tarrdaniel/documents/transhumanism.htm�:))
>
>Best wishes,
>
>Daniel Tarr
>
>
>
>From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
>Reply-To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
>To: WtaHungary <wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com>, wtaboard@...
>Subject: [wta-hungary] URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26
>August, 6:00pm
>Date: Wed, 24 Aug 2005 23:26:41 -0700 (PDT)
>
>
>
>Dear Hungarian transhumanist friends,
>�
>���� I am very glad to be here in Budapest for the WFSF 19th World
>Conference. Thus, I would like to invite you all for a personal get
>together tomorrow Friday, August 26, at 6:00 pm (18:00 hours) in the
>Budapest Student Hotel: M�nesi �t 5:
>http://www.budapestfutures.org/programmes/farewell.html
>�
>���� The participants will receive information about the World
>Transhumanist Association, including our little booklet about transhumanism
>with the Declaration and the FAQ. You might meet some other members of the
>WFSF and hear about our next international transhumanist conference in
>Helsinki, Finland:-)
>�
>���� Transhumanistically yours,
>
>
>
>
>
>La vie est belle!
>
>Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)
>
>Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way,
>Multiverse
>
>
>
>YAHOO! GROUPS LINKS
>
>
>�Visit your group "wta-hungary" on the web.
>�
>�To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
>�wta-hungary-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>�
>�Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.
>
>
>
>
>
>
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>�
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>�wta-hungary-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
>�
>   �Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.
>
>
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>
>
>
>
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>
>
>
>

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#146 From: "Daniel Tarr" <tarrdaniel@...>
Date: Thu Aug 25, 2005 7:55 am
Subject: RE: URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26 August, 6:00pm tarrdaniel@...
Send Email

Dear Yos�,

Thank you for calling, but I am engaged for that time. Maybe next time you should inform us a little bit more in advance. One day before seems a little bit too short for me to ulter my reality.

As for the documents: http://www.freeweb.hu/tarrdaniel/documents/transhumanism.htm :))

Best wishes,

Daniel Tarr

From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Reply-To: wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com
To: WtaHungary <wta-hungary@yahoogroups.com>, wtaboard@...
Subject: [wta-hungary] URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26 August, 6:00pm
Date: Wed, 24 Aug 2005 23:26:41 -0700 (PDT)

Dear Hungarian transhumanist friends,

     I am very glad to be here in Budapest for the WFSF 19th World Conference. Thus, I would like to invite you all for a personal get together tomorrow Friday, August 26, at 6:00 pm (18:00 hours) in the Budapest Student Hotel: M�nesi �t 5: http://www.budapestfutures.org/programmes/farewell.html

     The participants will receive information about the World Transhumanist Association, including our little booklet about transhumanism with the Declaration and the FAQ. You might meet some other members of the WFSF and hear about our next international transhumanist conference in Helsinki, Finland:-)

     Transhumanistically yours,

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

YAHOO! GROUPS LINKS

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#145 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Thu Aug 25, 2005 6:26 am
Subject: URGENT: Transhumanist meeting in Budapest, Friday 26 August, 6:00pm jose_cordeiro
Offline
Send Email

Dear Hungarian transhumanist friends,

I am very glad to be here in Budapest for the WFSF 19th World Conference. Thus, I would like to invite you all for a personal get together tomorrow Friday, August 26, at 6:00 pm (18:00 hours) in the Budapest Student Hotel: M�nesi �t 5: http://www.budapestfutures.org/programmes/farewell.html

The participants will receive information about the World Transhumanist Association, including our little booklet about transhumanism with the Declaration and the FAQ. You might meet some other members of the WFSF and hear about our next international transhumanist conference in Helsinki, Finland:-)

Transhumanistically yours,

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#144 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Wed Jun 8, 2005 4:42 am
Subject: About TH... is in english so sorry... gerenciadivu...
Offline
Send Email

Hi...here is the document. Is quite strange but not far from some ideas.

Lo siento pero no est� en espa�ol.

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg

www.posthumano.net

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#143 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Tue Jun 7, 2005 6:12 pm
Subject: hi... gerenciadivu...
Offline
Send Email

Sorry, but I still don�t have the link, but when I have it I�ll send it to all yahoogroup.

Carlos enrique Parra B�senberg

WTA-Colombia

www.posthumano.net

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#142 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Tue Jun 7, 2005 5:52 pm
Subject: It is in English... About Transhumanism gerenciadivu...
Offline
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Hello...

Well, this is a very interesting view of transhumanism and we need te revaluate our labour... open our ayes to face a reality?

Well... just think about it...

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg

Discover Yahoo!
Get on-the-go sports scores, stock quotes, news more. Check it out!

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#141 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Wed May 25, 2005 1:17 am
Subject: World Transhumanist Conference: July 22-24, 2005 (Caracas, Venezuela) jose_cordeiro
Offline
Send Email

Dear friends,

This is the final announcement calling for papers for TransVision 2005 (www.TransHumanismO.org/tv05). The presenters� deadline has been extended up to June 15, 2005, in order to accommodate some special requests, including those of performing artists.

TV05 will be the largest international transhumanist meeting in the history of the world. So far, we have confirmed participants from 23 countries from the Americas (North, Central and South), Asia, Africa and Europe. There will be people coming all the way from Canada to Kenya, from Brazil to Belgium, from Italy to India. TV05 will be a fantastic opportunity to meet and interact with fellow transhumanists from around the planet, and beyond: The opening video-conference will be given by Sir Arthur C. Clarke if his health and weather permit!

Coming to Venezuela is a lifetime opportunity (see www.embavenez-us.org/Venezuela%20Video%20%20DSL.wmv). The country is beautiful and the people are incredibly friendly (and beautiful too, we have the largest number of official Miss Universes in the world, not per capita, but in total numbers, and the same with Mister Universes:-)

Venezuela (whose name means "Piccola Venezia" or "Little Venice") has extraordinary natural beauties like the Caribbean beaches for scuba diving, snorkeling or just swimming (see www.venezuelatuya.com). Venezuela also has the highest cable car in the world (up to 15,000 feet high), the highest waterfall in the world (Angel Falls in Canaima, Gran Sabana, with close to 3,000 feet high in the Orinoquia-Amazonia) and the longest cave in the world (Cueva del Guacharo, which was visited several times by French scientist Jacques Cousteau). We will organize scuba diving sessions for those interested on Monday, July 25 (only $50 with everything included: equipment, transportation, meals, boats and swimming pool classes for new and expert divers). Interestingly, last year, Sir Arthur C. Clarke told me in Sri Lanka that scuba diving is the most transhumanist activity that we can experience now on Earth.

You can get a roundtrip airplane ticket from anywhere in North America to Caracas for less than $500, and from Europe for less than $700. From North America, you can probably get the best deals if you book separately first from your city to Miami and then from Miami to Caracas (Miami-Caracas can be as little as $200 roundtrip in advance, for example, check www.travelocity.com with flexible dates). From Europe, there are usually cheap direct flights via Frankfurt, Lisbon, Madrid, Paris and Rome, but you need to book now since July is high season for travel, oil prices are still rising and the inexpensive tickets go fast.

Most TV05 participants will be staying in a fantastic four star hotel, built by Nelson Rockefeller himself, for as little as $55 single or $30 shared double room, per person, per night, if we book for you here in advance (otherwise it might be over $100 per night). The "Hotel Avila" (http://www.hotelavila.com.ve) is considered the "Grand Dame" of hotels in Caracas and it is listed as Fodor's Choice in Venezuela (http://www.fodors.com/miniguides/mgresults.cfm?destination=caracas@46&cur_section=lod). No one can beat those prices, with free breakfast, swimming pool, gym and everything else expected from such hotels in a marvelous tropical setting.

The TV05 Caracas Organizing Committee is here to help you with any questions and/or doubts so that we will have a very successful TV05: the first international transhumanist conference in the developing world.

Transhumanistically yours,

Jose Cordeiro, M.Sc. (jose_cordeiro@...)

Conference Chair (www.cordeiro.org)

Santiago Ochoa, M.S.

Venezuelan Organizing Committee (www.TransHumanismO.org)

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#140 From: Jose Cordeiro <jose_cordeiro@...>
Date: Tue May 17, 2005 7:02 am
Subject: WTA looking for an Assistant Director jose_cordeiro
Offline
Send Email

JOB OPENING: ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

Subject to availability of appropriate funding, the World Transhumanist Association and the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies will jointly hire an Administrative Assistant on a one year, renewable contract.

Location is irrelevant as the successful candidate will be expected to telework from her or his own base. The planned starting date is October 1, 2005. The starting salary (<US$12,000 per year) will probably not be attractive to qualified applicants from regions where the cost of living is higher, but should be attractive to qualified applicants living elsewhere.

The successful candidate shall be a fluent in English, with other world languages a plus. (S)he shall have outstanding people, writing and Information Technology skills. In particular, the successful candidate will be expected to assist on membership maintenance and growth, fundraising, and maintenance of all websites and mailing lists.

As far as IT skills are concerned, we are looking with someone with a good background in IT and knowledgeable on Unix system administration, website design, and web service oriented languages (PHP, Python and Perl).

Candidates should submit a letter of interest detailing experience and vision for the Arts Gallery of the WTA to the WTA Executive Director James Hughes: director@....

JOB OPENING: VOLUNTEER WTA WEBMASTER

Job Description:

The ideal candidate would be well versed in HTML, _JavaScript, and Photoshop and experienced in all manner of Web-design elements, such as the design and layout of buttons, links, menus, and text. The webmaster/designer's primary duties will be to help design and implement our growing Web site. The site is currently maintained in the weblog-based content management system ExpressionEngine. The ideal candidate will also be a member of the World Transhumanist Association.

Requirements:

- Strong HTML skills (including CSS, SSI, and _JavaScript)
- Graphic design skills, including fluency in Photoshop
- Knowledge of browser-compatibility issues
- Some basic scripting ability (such as PERL or PHP)
- Experience in creating GIF buttons, icons and site elements

Plusses:

- Database skills (POSTGRES, MySQL)
- Experience with interactive content
- Strong copyediting skills

Compensation:

Currently the only compensation is a life-time voting membership in the World Transhumanist Association.

Candidates should submit a letter of interest detailing prior web management/design experience to the WTA Executive Director James Hughes: director@....

La vie est belle!

Yos� (www.cordeiro.org)

Caracas, Venezuela, Americas, TerraNostra, Solar System, Milky Way, Multiverse

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#139 From: "Hughes, James J." <James.Hughes@...>
Date: Mon May 9, 2005 12:15 am
Subject: Call for Papers: Bioethics & New Epoch, June 13-15, Croatia james_j_hugh...
Offline
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Call for papers: Symposium Bioethics and New Epoch

We would like to inform you that the Croatian Philosophical Society, the
Croatian Bioethics Society and the Town of Mali Lo"inj are organising
the
4th Lo"inj Days of Bioethics, that will be held in Mali Lo"inj, June
13-15,
2005. Mali Lo"inj is a town on the island of Lo"inj, approximately 6
hours'
drive by bus away from Zagreb (Croatia's capital).

Within the annual framework of Lo"inj Days of Bioethics, the central
place
belongs to the international symposium >Bioethics and New Epoch<. Apart
from
the above mentioned Symposium, we occasion round tables regarding
certain
current issues in bioethics, as well as relevant cultural and artistic
events.

The fundamental idea of the symposium >Bioethics and New Epoch< is that
- by
using intellectual stimulus of a bioethical approach - an
interdisciplinary
dialogue is established regarding the fundamental problems of
contemporary
civilisation. A specific ambition of the Symposium is that it
establishes a
relation between bioethics and the philosophy of history, and thus that
it
widens the multi-perspectival openness of the problem areas that
bioethics
deals with. Naturally, apart from discussing the relation of bioethics
and
science, i.e. the bioethical status of science and the scientific status
of
bioethics, the widest range of topics is also expected to be presented
and
come to the fore.

4th Lo"inj Days of Bioethics include:

- International symposium Bioethics and New Epoch (June 13-14, 2005),
- Round table Bioethical Aspects of Medically Assisted Reproduction
(June
15, 2005 - in Croatian),
- Cultural and artistic events.
Insofar as you accept this invitation to participate in the symposium
>Bioethics and New Epoch<, we kindly ask you to send us your
registration
with the precise title of your paper, and a brief summary in English or
German as soon as possible, or till 15th May 2005 at the latest.

The languages of the Symposiums are: Croatian, English and German.
Participants are expected to arrive on Sunday, 12th June 2005. The
Conference will start in the morning of 13th June and close in the
afternoon
of 15th June.

The organisers will cover the participants' hotel (meals included) and
travel expenses within Croatia (from the point of entry into Croatia to
Mali
Lo"inj and back) for the duration of the Conference. Other persons
travelling with participants will have to cover their own hotel and
travel
costs. Finally, we would like to draw your attention to the fact that
the
organisers can not cover the accommodation and travel expenses for the
observers, but only for those participants who are willing to contribute
to
the Conference by giving a presentation.

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#138 From: "Hughes, James J." <James.Hughes@...>
Date: Wed Apr 27, 2005 12:59 pm
Subject: IHEU 16th World Congress, Paris, July 2005 james_j_hugh...
Offline
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International Humanist and Ethical Union 16th World Congress -

Tuesday 5th July to Thursday 7th July 2005, Paris -

Separation of Religion and State

IHEU, the worldwide umbrella organisation for Humanism, and its French Full
Member Organisation the Libre Pens�e Fran�aise invite you to the 16th World
Humanist Congress, and to learn through interactive and plenary sessions about
the world-wide Humanist movement, the challenges we face, our success stories
and our programs for action.

The final announcement is now available. For full details of the Congress and
related events and how to register, please contact:

La Libre Pens�e Fran�aise

http://librepenseefrance.ouvaton.org/iheu/iheu.html

10-12 rue des Foss�s Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris, France

Tel + 33 1 46 34 21 50 * Fax + 33 1 46 34 21 84

Email libre.pensee@...

Or

IHEU

http://www.iheu.org

1 Gower Street, London WC1E 6HD, United Kingdom

Tel + 44 207 6313170 * Fax + 44 207 6313171 * generaloffice@...

The Congress is supported by the French National Commission for UNESCO and
organised by the Libre Pens�e Fran�aise.

      International Humanist and Ethical Union (IHEU) is the world umbrella
organisation for humanist, ethical culture, rationalist, secularist and
freethought groups. Based in London, it is an international NGO with Special
Consultative Status with the UN (New York, Geneva, Vienna), General Consultative
Status at UNICEF (New York) and the Council of Europe (Strasbourg), and it
maintains operational relations with UNESCO (Paris). Its mission is to build and
represent the global Humanist movement, to defend human rights and to promote
humanist values world-wide. IHEU sponsors the triennial Humanist World Congress.
The next Congress will be held in Paris in July 2005.

      You can find out more about IHEU on our web site at http://www.iheu.org

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#137 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sun Apr 17, 2005 4:31 pm
Subject: The Sony technique, based only on theory, is totally non-invasive gerenciadivu...
Offline
Send Email

Here is the content of the news I�ve just told you.

Best regards,

Carlos enrique parra
WTA-Colombia
Moderator
Spanish Transhumanist Journal

Wednesday 06 April 2005, 22:05 Makka Time, 19:05 GMT

Idea to transmit taste, smell patented

The Japanese entertainment giant Sony has patented an
idea for transmitting data with smell and taste
components directly into the brain.

This will enable a person to see films and play video
games in which they smell, taste and perhaps even feel
things.

The patent - based only on a theory, not on any
invention - marks the first step towards a "real-life
Matrix", the British science weekly New Scientist says
in next Saturday's issue.

In the sci-fi film of that name, cyber-reality is
projected into the brains of people via an electrode
feed at the back of their necks.

In Sony's patent, the technique would be entirely
non-invasive - it would not use brain implants or
other surgery to manipulate the brain.

The patent has few details, describing only a device
that would fire pulses of ultrasound at the head to
modify the firing patterns of neurons in targeted
parts of the brain.

'Prophetic invention'

The aim, the patent says, is to create "sensory
experiences" ranging from moving images to tastes and
sounds.

New Scientist said it was denied an interview with the
inventor, who is based at a Sony office in San Diego,
California.

Sony Electronics spokeswoman Elizabeth Boukis said the
work was a "prophetic invention" and no experiments at
all had been done on it.

"It was based on an inspiration that this may someday
be the direction that technology will take us," she
told New Scientist.

Independent experts said they did not dismiss the idea
out of hand, although they also cautioned about the
proposed method's long-term safety.

So far, the only non-invasive way for manipulating the
brain is crude.

A technique called transcranial magnetic stimulation
uses magnetic fields to induce currents in brain
tissue, thus stimulating brain cells.

But magnetic fields cannot be finely focussed on small
groups of brain cells, whereas ultrasound pulses could
be.

Source AFP for Aljazeera news
http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/36628457-FB5A-4812-9791-96C7B6CBD89C.htm




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#136 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sun Apr 17, 2005 4:27 pm
Subject: Idea to transmit taste, smell patented. gerenciadivu...
Offline
Send Email

Hi...

This is arevolutionary idea that con fit in our times.

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg
WTA-Colombia
Moderator



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#135 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sun Apr 17, 2005 3:52 pm
Subject: I am very Sorry gerenciadivu...
Offline
Send Email

Hi everyone...

I hope you forgive me for sending information in
Spanish, it was a mistake I�ve made and hope it will
never happen again.

Best Regards,

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg
WTA-COLOMBIA
MODERATOR
SPANISH TRANSHUMANIST JOURNAL

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#134 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:56 pm
Subject: Nano-bots ready to fight against poverty gerenciadivu...
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Nano-bots ready to fight against povertyhi, this news
is related to nano and hunger fighting, were science
makes new efforts towards a better world.

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg
WTA-COLOMBIA
MODERATOR


Invasion of the Poverty-Fighting Nano-Bots

Stephen Leahy

Futuristic nanotechnologies that purify drinking
water, produce energy and grow food can benefit poor
countries and help to meet the United Nations
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), according to a
new report.

BROOKLIN, Canada, Apr 13 (IPS) - Futuristic
nanotechnologies that purify drinking water, produce
energy and grow food can benefit poor countries and
help to meet the United Nations Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs), according to a new report.

Most of the current research into nanotechnology is
being done in the North, but there are important
potential applications to fulfill the energy, health
and food needs of the South, says Peter Singer,
director of the University of Toronto Joint Centre for
Bioethics (JCB) and co-author of the report.

Nanotechnology refers to the manipulation of matter at
the level of atoms and molecules. It involves
materials and processes at size scales of less than
100 nanometres. A human hair is about 80,000
nanometres wide. At the nano-scale, materials have
novel properties, opening up an enormous range of
applications.

�Nanotechnology isn't just for making stain-resistant
pants and better sunscreen,� Singer told IPS.

But critics argue that nanotech poses unknown risks
and that meeting the MDGs -- which include reversing
the spread of HIV/AIDS and cutting poverty and hunger
in half by 2015 -- has more to do with social justice
than research into high technology.

Fears of a growing �nano-divide� between rich and poor
countries prompted the JCB to convene a panel of 63
experts from around the world to examine how nanotech
could solve problems in developed countries in the
next 10 years.

�This is an ethical and scientific issue,� says
Singer. �Billions are being invested in
nanotechnology; some of this should be devoted to
helping developing countries.�

Some of the potential applications of nanotech include
the semi-fantastic -- fleets of cancer-fighting ''nano
robots'' and supercomputers that fit on the head of a
pin. But more prosaically, the more than 100 products
utilising nanotech already on the market in the North
are things like better sunscreens and cosmetics, and
yes, stain-proof pants.

The experts composed a top-ten list of nanotech
applications with energy storage, production and
conversion, including more efficient solar cells,
hydrogen fuel cells and new hydrogen storage, at the
top.

�Energy is crucial to all other technologies,� said
study leader Fabio Salamanca-Buentello, also with the
JCB.

Improvements in solar technologies using nanotech are
particularly important in the sun-rich South,
Salamanca-Buentello said in an interview.

Second most important was the use of nanotech in
farming. Cheap, unseen devices could be made to
release fertilisers or insecticides at a strictly
controlled rate. Others could be sprayed over a plant
and act as sensors, relaying information about the
plant's health, he explained.

The third application is in water treatment, where
nano-membranes and clays could purify or desalinate
water more efficiently than conventional filters and
are a fraction of the size.

�In countries where arsenic contamination of
groundwater is a problem, these filters could
eliminate the arsenic at very low cost,�
Salamanca-Buentello said.

Fourth on the list are cheaper methods for diagnosing
disease utilising so-called lab-on-a-chip technology.
Currently in development in the U.S., the technique
involves placing a drop of blood on a chip of plastic
about the size of a coin covered in tiny nano-sensors.

Within minutes, the sensors could provide data typical
of normal blood testing, as well as look for
indicators of infectious diseases, hormonal
imbalances, and even cancer.

�We want to encourage developing countries to develop
their own chips for similar purposes,� the scientist
added.

Several developing countries have already climbed
aboard the nanotech train.

India's Department of Science and Technology will
invest 20 million dollars over the next four years.
China ranks third in the world behind the United
States and Japan in the number of nanotech patent
applications.

Researchers at China's Tsinghua University have begun
clinical tests for a bone scaffold based on
nanotechnology that gradually disintegrates as the
patient's damaged skeletal tissue heals. This
application of nanotechnology is especially relevant
for developing countries, where the number of skeletal
injuries resulting from road traffic accidents is
high.

In Brazil, the projected budget for nanoscience during
the next five years (2004-2007) is about 25 million
dollars, and three institutes, four networks, and
approximately 300 scientists are working in
nanotechnology. Brazilian researchers are
investigating the use of modified magnetic
nanoparticles to remove oil from oil spills; both the
nanoparticles and the oil could potentially be
recycled.

And Mexico has world-class researchers in carbon
nanotubes. Other developing countries pursuing
nanotechnology include Thailand, the Philippines,
Chile and Argentina.

However, much more research is needed, and the panel
suggests an initiative called �Addressing Global
Challenges Using Nanotechnology�. Modeled on the Grand
Challenges in Global Health initiative launched last
year by the Foundation for the National Institutes of
Health and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, a
nanotech grand challenge would foster scientific
investments in the South to develop these new
technologies.

Much of the research should be done in the South, with
the North providing technological and financial
support, said Singer. �Canada, for example, has
committed 5 percent of its national research and
development budget to developing technology for the
South.�

However, there was no mention of the health and
environmental risks of the new technology in the
report published this week in PloS Medicine.

There is already some evidence that certain nano
materials could be hazardous, acknowledged
Salamanca-Buentello.

�Research into the risks and developing the new
technology need to proceed hand in hand,� he noted.

Others are more pessimistic. Pat Mooney of Canada's
ETC Group, an environmental NGO, believes it will take
years of studies to assess the risks of nano-products
-- and by then it will be too late because they will
already be on the market.

In 2002, the ETC Group began a campaign to ban
commercial marketing of new nanotechnology products
until more research is done on the risks.

There are no health or safety regulations specific to
nanotech anywhere in the world, said Mooney:
�Government regulators are running eight to 10 years
behind on this.�

In fact, Mooney said regulators in most countries are
�shocked� to learn that so many nanotech products are
already out on the market.

�It's the same pattern as genetic engineering. Develop
the products first and then figure out how to regulate
them afterwards,� he said.

While nano may have some potential for alleviating
problems in the South, Mooney said ethicists like
Singer would be better off lobbying their governments
in the North to fulfill long overdue promises of
delivering 0.7 percent of their GDP in foreign aid.

�It may be a worthy goal to develop a new malaria
vaccine, but does it make sense when there isn't
enough money to buy all the needed bed nets that could
prevent the disease?� he asked.

Instead of dealing with thorny issues of social
justice, trade imbalances and debt relief, Mooney
argued, Canada and other countries in the North like
to focus on hi-tech toys. (END)

Source:
http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=28285

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#133 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:44 pm
Subject: Libertad en duda!!! gerenciadivu...
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Nuevo informe sobre el pa�s de la democracia y c�mo
juegan con ella para complacer intereses personales.

carlos enrique parra b�senberg
wta-colombia
moderator

ESTADOS UNIDOS:
Democracia en venta

Por Emad Mekay

WASHINGTON, 8 abr (IPS) - Los grupos de presi�n de
Estados Unidos gastaron desde 1998 unos 13.000
millones de d�lares para influenciar en la toma de
decisiones de la Casa Blanca, el Congreso legislativo
y otras autoridades.

El Centro para la Integridad P�blica, instituto de
estudios con sede en Washington, calcul� que el dinero
gastado por los lobbies en invitar a legisladores a
restaurantes caros y a fiestas lujosas excedi� el
financiamiento total de las campa�as pol�ticas.

�Cada a�o desde 1998, el dinero gastado para influir
sobre los legisladores duplica el gastado para
elegirlos. Hoy, el lobby federal es una industria por
s� sola�, dijo la directora ejecutiva del Centro para
la Integridad P�blica, Roberta Baskin.

El t�rmino lobby, que seg�n la Real Academia Espa�ola
designa a un �grupo de personas influyentes,
organizado para presionar en favor de determinados
intereses�, alude en el mundillo de Washington a
empresas creadas para ejercer tales presiones en
nombre de terceros.

Muchas de las empresas especializadas en lobby
trabajan para organizaciones que pujan por una mejor
tajada del presupuesto federal, que asciende a 2.500
billones de d�lares anuales.

Estas firmas han contratado a 2.000 ex funcionarios
--incluidos ex legisladores y ex jefes de organismos
del gobierno-- para presionar a las autoridades en una
amplia gama de asuntos, desde el aborto, los impuestos
y la construcci�n de carreteras hasta la pol�tica
exterior y el comercio.

Las leyes electorales de Estados Unidos proh�ben a
corporaciones, sindicatos y organizaciones sin fines
de lucro, entre otras instituciones, financiar
abiertamente a candidatos pol�ticos en forma
individual.

En contraste, esas mismas entidades pueden contratar
lobbies, la mayor�a de cuyas oficinas se encuentran en
la famosa avenida K Street, de Washington.

El Centro para la Integridad P�blica calcul� que los
lobbies facturaron 2.400 millones de d�lares en 2003,
el �ltimo a�o con datos disponibles. Seg�n el informe,
la cifra saltar�, con seguridad, a m�s de 3.000
millones en 2004.

En el ciclo electoral de 2002, el m�s reciente para el
que se obtuvo informaci�n completa, la Comisi�n
Federal de Elecciones indic� que los partidos
pol�ticos recaudaron 1.600 millones de d�lares.

En ese mismo periodo, los �traficantes de influencia�
ganaron 4.000 millones de d�lares para ejercer presi�n
sobre las autoridades.

En 2000, �ltimas elecciones presidenciales sobre la
que existen datos completos, se recaudaron 2.300
millones de d�lares para las campa�as, mientras los
lobbies gastaron 3.500 millones.

�La lecci�n posible es que influir se ha convertido en
una gran inversi�n. Y la �nica raz�n por la que
invierten las empresas es porque tienen evidencia de
que obtendr�n un lucro a cambio�, dijo Alex Knott,
autor del informe.

El estudio del Centro para la Integridad P�blica
indica que, en los �ltimos seis a�os y medio, 300
universidades gastaron en actividades de lobby casi
132 millones de d�lares, y los gobiernos locales, m�s
de 357 millones.

Con esa presi�n, procuraban obtener diversos
beneficios, de carreteras a carros de bombero.

Altria Group Inc, compa��a matriz de la tabacalera
Philip Morris USA, asign� 125 millones de d�lares a
los lobbies desde 1998. Pero la instituci�n que m�s
gast� en ese sector fue la C�mara de Comercio de
Estados Unidos, con 193 millones.

Un mill�n y medio fue lo erogado en lobbies por Prison
Fellowship Ministries, una organizaci�n cristiana
dedicada a ayudar a presos, ex convictos y sus
familias dirigida por Chuck Colson, antiguo asesor del
fallecido presidente Richard Nixon que en 1976 se
declar� culpable de obstruir a la justicia en el
esc�ndalo Watergate.

Pero no solo organizaciones estadounidenses recurren a
los lobbies. Setenta y siete gobiernos extranjeros
gastaron un total de 619 millones de d�lares. Gran
Breta�a, Alemania y Suiza encabezan la lista, e Israel
supera a todos los seis pa�ses �rabes que la integran.

El Centro para la Integridad P�blica lament� las
escasas normas de control sobre los lobbies y la
escasa transparencia de sus operaciones.

�Parece que sabemos m�s sobre los salarios de los
jugadores de b�isbol que de los millones ganados por
los lobbies�, sostuvo Baskin.

La Oficina de Registros P�blicos del Senado, por
ejemplo, cuenta con apenas 11 funcionarios, y la de la
C�mara de Representantes, menos de 35. En contraste,
la Comisi�n Federal de Elecciones tiene 391 empleados
y un presupuesto de 52 millones de d�lares.

�Eso explica por qu� una de cada cinco de las
compa��as de lobbies del gobierno federal han omitido
la presentaci�n de uno o m�s de los informes a los que
est�n obligados por la ley�, indica el informe del
Centro.

�Dada su capacidad de influir sobre los legisladores y
sobre la propia legislaci�n, los lobbies han sido
calificados de 'cuarta rama' del gobierno, pero han
recibido escasa atenci�n de la prensa y aun menos el
escrutinio p�blico�, agrega.

La oposici�n de las propias empresas del ramo han
frenado los intentos de reformar las leyes que lo
regulan, indic� el Centro.

Entre los proyectos presentados en ese sentido, figura
uno que habr�a limitado el lapso de tiempo que un
funcionario federal debe esperar tras su retiro antes
de hacer lobby sobre sus antiguos jefes, y otro que
califica de ilegal el env�o de comunicados
�fraudulentos� al Congreso.

El informe tambi�n menciona casos de doble discurso
entre los pol�ticos estadounidenses en relaci�n con
los lobbies.

Entre ellos, figura el ex senador Robert Dole, que
propuso prohibir de por vida a los funcionarios de
gobierno del �rea comercial ejercer presi�n en nombre
de gobiernos extranjeros.

Despu�s de perder las elecciones presidenciales de
1996 ante Bill Clinton, Dole se retir� de la vida
pol�tica y termin� contratado por compa��as de lobby.
En ese car�cter, ha representado, por ejemplo, al
gobierno de Indonesia.

�Queremos que la ciudadan�a entienda c�mo los
intereses especiales de alto costo afectan la
democracia�, dijo Knott a IPS. (FIN/2005)

FUENTE:

http://www.ipsnoticias.net/interna.asp?idnews=33455



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#132 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:41 pm
Subject: 20 a�os despu�s de Chernobyl gerenciadivu...
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New information about Chernobyl disaster 20 years
later.

CAERLOS ENRIQUE PARRA B�SENBERG
WTA-COLOMBIA
MODERATOR


AMBIENTE:
No se esfuman las nubes sobre Chernobyl

Por Zolt�n Dujisin

CHERNOBYL, Ucrania, abr (IPS) - Pasaron 20 a�os desde
el accidente en la central nuclear ucraniana de
Chernobyl, el peor de la historia, pero las heridas no
cierran.

El desastre contin�a acarreando su incesante carga de
muertes y enfermedades. Pero un pu�ado de antiguos
residentes de Chernobyl se muestran decididos a
regresar a sus hogares y vivir lo m�s normalmente
posible en esas �reas contaminadas.

El 26 de abril de 1986, se registr� una explosi�n en
el cuarto reactor de la Planta Nuclear Chernobyl, en
el norte de Ucrania. Estall� un incendio que liber�
grandes cantidades de polvo radiactivo.

Las autoridades se preocuparon primero de controlar el
incendio, pero dejaron de lado a la poblaci�n cercana
a la central, que durante cuatro d�as careci� de toda
informaci�n sobre la cat�strofe.

Luego de que el gobierno de la hoy disuelta Uni�n
Sovi�tica --de la que Ucrania formaba parte-- admiti�
el desastre, fueron evacuados 150.000 habitantes de
las ciudades y pueblos cercanos.

La poblaci�n de Pripiat, la principal ciudad de la
regi�n, tuvo la impresi�n de que retornar�an pronto a
sus hogares.

Se equivocaban. Hoy, el casco urbano que otrora
albergara a 47.000 personas es un pueblo fantasma,
edificios y calles vac�as invadidas por la vegetaci�n
que avanza incesante.

Las casas, bibliotecas, escuelas y recintos deportivos
y de recreaci�n en esta ciudad levantada en los a�os
70, considerada modelo de urbanizaci�n socialista, no
reciben desde entonces m�s visita que la de
saqueadores, cient�ficos y turistas aventureros.

Ingresar a la escuela hace correr un sudor fr�o por la
espalda del visitante: escritorios desordenados,
pianos podridos, libros abiertos y m�scaras antig�s
desparramadas por el piso. Hace casi 20 a�os que nadie
toca nada en este local.

La mayor�a de los residentes de Pripiat estaban
involucrados, de alg�n modo u otro, con la planta
nuclear. Su mayor desgracia fue estar apenas a un
kil�metro de distancia. Priapat nunca ver� vida humana
permanente en el futuro.

Pero m�s lejos de la central, aun dentro del �rea de
restricci�n establecido por el gobierno a un radio de
30 kil�metros de la antigua central de energ�a,
algunos jubilados han ocupado antiguas casas para
ahorrar los gastos de vivienda.

Se trata de ocupaciones ilegales, pero el estado mira
para otro lado.

No son, por cierto, poblados florecientes. La edad
promedio de sus habitantes es de 68 a�os. La mayor�a
viven solos, en dif�ciles condiciones materiales,
rodeados de casas vac�as y gente extra�a. Los riesgos
de la radiaci�n les son, en general, indiferentes.

�Algunos expertos consideran que permitir el traslado
masivo de personas fue un error�, dijo a IPS Evhen
Golovakha, subdirector del Instituto de Sociolog�a de
la Academia de Ciencias de Ucrania.

�Aquellos que viven en sus lugares de origen se
sienten mejor que aquellos que no�, explic�.

El director del Centro de Conocimiento Social, Yuri
Privalov, coincidi� en que no resulta f�cil mudarse a
estos lugares, dadas las complicaciones de �la
adaptaci�n a una comunidad con diferente cultura y
hasta idioma�.

Pero el factor econ�mico es determinante, dijo
Privalov a IPS. �Ellos perdieron todo, el gobierno no
les pudo encontrar un trabajo a todos ellos y se
vieron incapacitados de cubrir todos sus gastos�,
sostuvo.

Priapat y sus alrededores semejan una escena
post-apocal�ptica, pero la antigua planta nuclear
bulle de actividad.

Cient�ficos, ingenieros y obreros deambulan por las
instalaciones de sencillo uniforme, al parecer
indiferentes a la amenaza radiactiva. Una de sus
preocupaciones es el posible cierre definitivo de la
planta, que amenaza sus salarios superiores al
promedio ucraniano.

El gobierno cerr� el �ltimo reactor en funcionamiento
en 2000, obligado por la intensa presi�n
internacional. La actividad en la planta se limita hoy
a mantener el �sarc�fago� de concreto que cubre las
ruinas de la explosi�n.

La radiaci�n no es tan intensa hoy, pero la
precariedad de la estructura llev� al gobierno a
aprobar la construcci�n de un nuevo confinamiento, m�s
seguro, en torno del viejo bloque de concreto.

El proyecto ya comenz�, pero el costo total es de
1.091 millones de d�lares, dijo a IPS Igor Vasilevich,
del Ministerio de Combustibles y Energ�a. �Las
donaciones de pa�ses industrializados est�n lejos de
ser suficientes�, agreg�.

La mayor�a de las gestiones del gobierno se refieren
al incremento de la seguridad nuclear. Pero Chernobyl
tiene, tambi�n, una dimensi�n social.

Ucrania debi� soportar dos traumas a causa de la
cat�strofe. Uno, el inmediato tras la explosi�n. El
segundo, cuando los medios de comunicaci�n dieron
cuenta de sus consecuencias. Se calcula que alrededor
de seis millones de personas resultaron perjudicadas,
de una manera u otra.

Algunos expertos aseguran que nunca podr� establecerse
un c�lculo ni siquiera cercano de la cantidad de
muertes ocasionadas por el desastre. Las estimaciones
indican que, como consecuencia inmediata de la
explosi�n, murieron entre 50 y unos miles de personas.

Los problemas de salud persisten. El m�s dram�tico es
el de los denominados �ni�os de Chernobyl�, que
crecieron en �reas contaminadas y hoy sufren c�ncer de
tiroides.

Muchas m�s personas debieron lidiar con problemas
psicol�gicos.

El no gubernamental Centro de Iniciativas Democr�ticas
indic� que, 10 a�os despu�s del desastre, 60 por
ciento de los afectados �asociaban el alimento con el
temor, y sufr�an insomnio, irritabilidad y sensaci�n
de desamparo�. Treinta por ciento �perdieron inter�s
en la vida�.

Para estas v�ctimas, el desastre signific� �la ruina
de su visi�n del mundo, sus estilos de vida y sus
planes�, indica el informe. La mayor�a de los que
lograron un nuevo hogar derrotaron, con el tiempo, ese
sentimiento, pero otros fueron dejados de lado.

Yuri Privalov admite que las v�ctimas necesitan m�s
asistencia, pero tambi�n que no puede hacerse mucho.

�Es dif�cil decir qu� alcanzar�a, pues no existen
situaciones similares como para hacer la comparaci�n.
Hay muchas demandas al estado, mucha gente enferma,
una planta desactivada y la contaminaci�n. El pa�s es
pobre y los problemas persistir�n�, se lament�. ( (FIN/2005)

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#131 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:38 pm
Subject: Planet or Star? gerenciadivu...
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A new discovered was made last week when a new tiny
dot of light was registered on Human telescopes.

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg
WTA-COLOMBIA
MODERATOR

Stellar Question: Extrasolar planet or failed star?

Ron Cowen

Astronomers have dreamed of photographing a planet
orbiting a star outside the solar system. Last week,
researchers announced that a tiny dot of light next to
a young, sunlike star might be that long-sought image.
But the discovery could be sinking under its own
weight.

a6041_1609.jpg

MYSTERY OBJECT. Tiny dot of light to the right of the
star GQ Lupi in this image is either a brown dwarf or
the first image of a planet orbiting a sunlike star.
ESO

The body lies near the star GQ Lupi, 450 light-years
from Earth. Last year, Ralph Neuh�user of the
University of Jena in Germany and his colleagues used
the Very Large Telescope in Paranal, Chile, to obtain
several images and spectra of the object. Archived
images reveal that the object was first seen by the
Hubble Space Telescope in 1999. The old and new images
indicate that the body is bound to GQ Lupi but lies
much farther from the star than Pluto does from the
sun.

Other astronomers agree with those conclusions but
debate the team's estimate of the body's mass. The
standard way of determining the mass of a proposed
extrasolar planet is to record the wobble that it
induces in the motion of its parent star. But because
the recently imaged body lies so far from GQ Lupi, the
wobble isn't detectable, and researchers must rely on
models that use the temperature, size, and brightness
of the body to estimate its mass. Such models are
unreliable for extremely young objects such as the
roughly 2-million-year-old companion to GQ Lupi, notes
Didier Saumon of the Los Alamos (N.M.) National
Laboratory.

Using two models developed by members of their own
team, Neuh�user and his colleagues calculated that the
body probably has a mass between one and two times the
mass of Jupiter. However, when the team used another
model, which they claim is less applicable, they found
that the body could tip the scales at a weight up to
42 times that of Jupiter. The researchers will report
their findings in an upcoming Astronomy &
Astrophysics.

The high-end estimate places the object beyond the
widely accepted 13-Jupiter-mass limit for a planet.
Instead, the object would qualify as a brown dwarf, a
body that forms the way stars do but quickly fizzles
out. Astronomers have captured several images of brown
dwarfs orbiting stars.

Mark McCaughrean of the University of Exeter in
England says that the models the discovery team favors
are unpublished and largely untested. Relying on a
published and tested model of the brightness and
temperature of young planets, he calculates that the
object is a brown dwarf weighing between 15 and 40
Jupiters.

Gibor Basri of the University of California, Berkeley
says that the object could be a planet after all. He
bases his conclusion on models that his own research
team has used to estimate the weight of tiny bodies
seen in a separate region of the sky.

If the object around GQ Lupi is indeed a planet, it
must have formed closer to the star than it now
resides, some 60 to 130 times the Earth-sun distance.
Planets coalesce from clouds of dust, gas, and ice
that swaddle newborn stars, and the density of such
material isn't enough at great distances from the star
to form a Jupiter-mass body. An unseen companion
planet might have flung out the planet to its current
location, notes Neuh�user.

Saumon notes that the object's large distance from GQ
Lupi makes it even more likely to be a brown dwarf,
not a planet. In contrast, the recently announced
detection of infrared light from a closely orbiting
planet with a well-characterized mass, even though it
doesn't constitute an image (SN: 3/26/05, p. 195:
http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20050326/fob2.asp),
is far more intriguing, he says.

If you have a comment on this article that you would
like considered for publication in Science News, send
it to editors@.... Please include your
name and location.



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#130 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:32 pm
Subject: Aumentan Cr�ticas hacia Cuba gerenciadivu...
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Contin�an presiones sobre pol�tica cubana

Carlos E
WTA-Colombia
Moderator

DERECHOS HUMANOS-CUBA:
Ginebra amarga pol�tica exterior

Por Patricia Grogg

LA HABANA, 14 abr (IPS) - El voto de este jueves
contra La Habana en la Comisi�n de Derechos Humanos de
las Naciones Unidas reintroduce tensiones en la
pol�tica exterior de Cuba, que reaccion� airada por el
apoyo europeo a una moci�n estadounidense.

�Es pat�tico el papel jugado por la Uni�n Europea
(UE), su actitud ha sido claudicante y servil�, dijo
el canciller cubano Felipe P�rez Roque, tras la
aprobaci�n en Ginebra, sede de la Comisi�n, de una
moci�n que pide a ese organismo especializado d�
seguimiento a la situaci�n de derechos humanos en este
pa�s.

La Comisi�n, integrada por 53 pa�ses de concurrencia
rotativa, aprob� por 21 votos a favor, 17 en contra y
15 abstenciones, un texto presentado por Estados
Unidos y patrocinado por la UE.

El documento carece de cr�ticas, pero logra mantener
el caso cubano en la agenda del m�ximo cuerpo
especializado en derechos humanos de la Organizaci�n
de las Naciones Unidas (ONU), que desde 1990 adopta
anualmente, con la �nica excepci�n de 1998,
resoluciones que irritan al gobierno de Fidel Castro.

El texto invita a la jurista francesa Christine
Chanet, representante personal sobre la situaci�n en
Cuba de la Alta Comisionada de las Naciones Unidas
para los Derechos Humanos, Louise Arbour, a informar
en el pr�ximo per�odo de sesiones de la Comisi�n sobre
el estado de las libertades y garant�as b�sicas en
territorio cubano.

Cuba no acepta esa resoluci�n �selectiva y
discriminatoria�, la considera ileg�tima y no
cooperar� ni admitir� el mandato de la Alta
Comisionada, se�al� P�rez Roque.

El canciller recrimin� a la UE por votar nuevamente a
favor del proyecto estadounidense y la emplaz� a
copatrocinar una moci�n presentada por La Habana ante
la Comisi�n este mismo jueves, sobre las personas
ilegalmente retenidas por Estados Unidos en su base
naval de Guant�namo, ubicada en territorio cubano.

P�rez Roque dijo que la UE, con su �in�dito�
patrocinio en bloque del texto y su �tradicional� voto
contrario a La Habana, se subordin� a Washington y
eligi� �el camino de la confrontaci�n con Cuba en vez
del di�logo�.

Cuba y la UE normalizaron relaciones en enero, luego
de a�o y medio de congelamiento. El bloque europeo
hab�a adoptado sanciones contra La Habana, en protesta
por la detenci�n y enjuiciamiento de 75 disidentes
cubanos y la ejecuci�n de tres secuestradores, entre
marzo y abril de 2003.

A fines de enero, Bruselas decidi� suspender
temporalmente esas sanciones, en tanto el gobierno
cubano normaliz� los contactos oficiales con las
embajadas europeas en la capital cubana.

A tales medidas siguieron, en marzo, un viaje de P�rez
Roque a Europa y la visita a Cuba del comisario de
Desarrollo y Ayuda Humanitaria de la UE, Louis Michel,
para conversar con opositores cubanos y con Castro.

�Apreci� la visita (de Michel), tuvimos conversaciones
serias�, dijo Castro la semana pasada, en un discurso
transmitido por radio y televisi�n en el que expuso
que la suerte de la votaci�n en Ginebra depender�a
mucho �de los europeos�.

A juicio de P�rez Roque, la actitud de la UE en
Ginebra �pone en peligro el curso hacia la
normalizaci�n y el di�logo� entre Bruselas y La
Habana.

�Cuba analizar� cuidadosamente en el futuro inmediato
la evoluci�n de las posiciones y acciones de la Uni�n
Europea y decidir�, a la luz de la conducta y las
decisiones que con relaci�n a las llamadas sanciones
adopte el Consejo de Ministros (del bloque) en julio
pr�ximo�, dijo el canciller.

P�rez Roque agreg� que su gobierno decidir� si
mantiene o no la suspensi�n �temporal� del
�congelamiento� de las embajadas de los pa�ses del
bloque.

�Estamos evaluando la actitud de la UE y actuaremos en
consecuencia. Revisaremos antes de julio nuestras
medidas, no hemos recibido una sola prueba de una
voluntad genuina y real de la UE de avanzar con Cuba�,
a�adi�.

P�rez Roque tambi�n critic� a M�xico, que �una vez m�s
ha optado por la confrontaci�n con Cuba� y, �bajo la
presi�n del gobierno de Estados Unidos�, rompi� el
compromiso de �rectificar� su posici�n y volver al
voto de abstenci�n.

M�xico, Costa Rica, Guatemala y Honduras fueron los
cuatro pa�ses latinoamericanos que votaron a favor del
proyecto estadounidense, mientras Argentina, Brasil,
Ecuador, Paraguay, Per� y Rep�blica Dominicana se
abstuvieron.

El canciller cubano evalu� el resultado de esos votos
como se�al de los cambios que est�n ocurriendo en la
regi�n, tras la elecci�n de gobiernos de �signo
progresista�.

Cuba, que completa el grupo de 11 latinoamericanos de
la Comisi�n y vot� contra la resoluci�n, present� a su
vez un proyecto referido a las violaciones de derechos
humanos cometidas en la base naval estadounidense de
Guant�namo, donde Washington mantiene detenidas desde
fines de 2001 a cientos de personas, sin reconocerles
estatus de prisioneros de guerra ni las garant�as del
debido proceso.

La moci�n, que se discutir� a mediados de la semana
pr�xima, pide que la Comisi�n investigue la situaci�n
de los detenidos en ese enclave, dijo P�rez Roque,
quien hab�a anunciado dos d�as atr�s �una sorpresa�
para Washington.

Cuba present� en 2004 un proyecto sobre el mismo tema,
pero lo retir� antes de que fuera sometido a votaci�n.

�Dada la gravedad de la situaci�n, de la cual existe
mucha m�s evidencia que el pasado a�o, garantizamos
que en esta ocasi�n, en cualquier caso someteremos a
votaci�n el proyecto�, dijo el canciller cubano.

Fuentes opositoras consultadas por IPS reconocieron
los escasos �resultados pr�cticos� que tienen las
resoluciones sobre Cuba aprobadas a�o tras a�o en
Ginebra.

�Son importantes, pero ya sabemos que el gobierno no
va a permitir la visita ni del Alto Comisionado, ni de
nadie�, dijo Laura Poll�n, esposa de H�ctor Maseda,
del grupo de 75 opositores encarcelados en 2003.

Elizardo S�nchez, de la ilegal aunque tolerada
Comisi�n Cubana de Derechos Humanos y Reconciliaci�n,
afirm� que la situaci�n humanitaria en Cuba es
�totalmente negativa�, pero la actual estructura y
procedimientos de la Comisi�n resultan ineficaces para
obtener cambios.

La Habana mantiene en la ilegalidad a los grupos
opositores, a los que califica de �mercenarios a
sueldo� de Estados Unidos, su principal acusador en
Ginebra.

*/Atenci�n editores: este despacho corrige el d�a
mencionado en el primer p�rrafo de la nota transmitida
a la hora 22.09 GMT/

fuente:
http://www.ipsnoticias.net/interna.asp?idnews=33518

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#129 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Apr 16, 2005 7:27 pm
Subject: The Race to Prescribe gerenciadivu...
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Hi all...

This is a very interesting article about medicines and
racial affairs.

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg
WTA-COLOMBIA
MODERATOR


The Race to Prescribe
Drug for African Americans may debut amid debate

Ben Harder

The second in a two-part series on race, biology, and
medicine. Part I: "Code of Many Colors," is available
at

http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20050409/bob9.asp.


Most modern medical research into race or ethnicity
focuses on the disturbingly long list of health
disparities among different groups. For example,
compared with whites, blacks are 30 percent more
likely to die of heart disease at any given age and 40
percent more likely to die of a stroke. Overall,
blacks have an average life expectancy that's 5 years
shorter than that of whites.

Identifying such inequalities is one step toward
helping each population get appropriate medical care.
Sometimes, that requires making the same tests and
treatments available across the board, but it may also
mean tailoring medicine to particular groups. For
instance, a controversial new drug for heart failure
may soon be approved specifically for African American
patients. The drug, developed under the trade name
BiDil and now being reviewed by the Food and Drug
Administration, is likely to become the first therapy
that the agency approves specifically for treatment of
an ethnic or racial group.

Many physicians hail BiDil, which is produced by
NitroMed in Lexington, Mass. Not only is it a
lifesaving medication for a defined population of
patients but it also serves as a promising new model
for drug development. These proponents argue that
research embracing racial differences in biology could
lead to safer new treatments.

Race-based medicine could be a steppingstone to the
higher goal of "targeted treatment," says Lawrence
Lesko of FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation Research in
Rockville, Md. Lesko and other advocates of this
approach envision treatment tailored to people
according to the results of genetic tests. They say
that race-based medicine is just a first step toward
discerning people's genetic makeup for the sake of
better individual treatments.

Some researchers and medical-policy analysts, however,
are troubled by the implications of practicing
medicine according to patients' racial identities.
They emphasize the incomplete correlation between
genes of medical importance and labels of race or
ethnicity (SN: 4/9/05, p. 232:
http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20050409/bob9.asp).

Cautious voices also warn that the wrong precedent by
FDA in its handling of BiDil could contribute to,
rather than reduce, health disparities between blacks
and whites. Government endorsement of race-based
therapies could spare companies the trouble of
searching for biological beacons that could guide
treatment in all populations, says Phyllis Griffin
Epps of the University of Houston's Health Law and
Policy Center. "As we move toward individualized
medicine, race-based medicine might generate more
problems than it solves," she says.

"There's only one human race," says cardiologist Anne
L. Taylor of the University of Minnesota in
Minneapolis. "But within that race, there are
subpopulations that have small variations. Those
variations can have an impact, and we have to explore
them."

Heart of the matter

BiDil is a combination of two drugs that have had a
roller coaster history in heart failure therapy. At
one time, they were seen as the most promising
combination therapy available, but drugs such as ACE
inhibitors eclipsed them in the early 1990s.

But while the newer medicines were more effective than
the older compounds in cutting heart failure deaths in
whites, the disease remained a stubbornly persistent
killer in blacks. Today, among 45- to 64-year-olds,
blacks are nearly twice as likely as whites to have
heart failure and are 2.5 times as likely to die from
it.

There's evidence that isosorbide nitrate, one of
BiDil's ingredients, strengthens the heart by
chemically donating nitric oxide to tissues. Nitric
oxide widens blood vessels, reduces inflammation, and
performs other functions essential to cardiovascular
health. Researchers hypothesize that hydralazine,
BiDil's other component, relaxes blood vessels while
also, as an antioxidant, keeping nitric oxide active.

Several studies have suggested that active nitric
oxide tends to be less abundant in blacks than in
whites. That could partially explain why heart failure
is a more serious disease among the former group, says
Taylor.

Nearly a decade ago, FDA considered but rejected an
application by a small biotech company to market
BiDil. The application followed a trial that included
patients of various ethnic backgrounds. The drug had
showed only an inconsistent beneficial effect.

In 1999, University of Minnesota researchers
reexamined the earlier data. They found that black
people with heart failure had tended to benefit from
the combination, while most whites hadn't.

With the support of NitroMed and the Association of
Black Cardiologists in Atlanta, Taylor in 2001
launched a trial to test the effectiveness of BiDil
specifically in blacks. The researchers asked patients
with advanced heart failure to identify their
ancestries. Only patients claiming African descent
were invited to join the trial.

The study ultimately included 1,050 patients at 161
sites around the country. All the volunteers were
already receiving heart failure drugs. Half of them
then got BiDil in addition to their preexisting
therapy, while half had a placebo added to their
treatment.

The experimental therapy was a major success. Patients
receiving BiDil were 43 percent less likely to die
during a year of treatment than were those not getting
that medication. The difference was so profound that a
group of independent scientists monitoring the study
recommended last summer that it be brought to an early
end so that volunteers on the placebo could be
switched to the potentially lifesaving treatment.

Taylor and her colleagues ended the study on July 19,
2004, and published their results in the Nov. 11, 2004
New England Journal of Medicine.

Now, FDA is reviewing their study as part of the
evidence that the agency may use to approve the
patented combination pill for use in blacks. Given the
strength of the study's results, approval is widely
expected, if not universally welcomed.

Many of a kind

While BiDil would be the first drug approved
specifically for use in a racially defined subset of
people, a patient's racial and ethnic group is already
an important consideration for doctors prescribing
certain treatments.

At least 29 medications have varying effects in
different racial or ethnic populations, says biologist
David B. Goldstein of the University College London.
In the November 2004 Nature Genetics, he and his
colleague Sarah K. Tate gave a detailed account of
these treatments, which range from antipsychotics to
cancer-chemotherapy drugs.

"Many differences in drug response associated with
race or ethnicity are due to environmental [factors
such as diet] rather than population genetic
differences," they say. "In the case of BiDil, it is
not currently known whether it works differently in
African Americans and European Americans because of
genetics, environment, or both."

Genetic traits do appear to underlie some differences
in disease susceptibility and response to therapies.
For example, researchers have noted for years that
because of differences in enzyme activity, people of
Asian descent metabolize cholesterol-lowering statin
drugs more slowly than other people do. As a result,
some studies suggest, Asians are more susceptible to
side effects at a given dose of statins. FDA recently
advised physicians not to administer the highest
allowed dose of one such drug, rosuvastatin (Crestor),
to people of Asian ancestry.

The biological mechanism remains opaque in other
instances where medications have differential effects
in various ethnic groups.

"Our understanding of race and drug response is at
best very superficial," says Lesko. Basing medical
decisions on a patient's self-reported race, rather
than on clinically meaningful genetic traits, he says,
is "like telling time with a sundial instead of
looking at a Rolex watch." All the same, he and others
say, the proverbial sundial is useful when no
high-accuracy wristwatch is yet available.

"Until such time as you can go and directly sample
[the relevant genetics of] an individual, the question
is going to be, What proxies can you use?" says
pediatrician and professor of law Ellen Wright Clayton
of Vanderbilt University's Center for Genetics and
Health Policy in Nashville. "The big one is going to
be race."

Defining groups by the external cues used to indicate
race is far from ideal, Lesko says. "But in the
absence of other alternatives, we need some way to
group patients," he adds.

That makes the shortcut of judging patients' races�or
asking them to categorize themselves�an appealing
alternative for doctors. BiDil is "the first racial
drug," says Troy Duster, a sociologist at New York
University. "That means there's going to be a second,
and a third."

Push for precision

Scientists have a "critical obligation" to identify
the medically essential genetic variations that
correlate with racial identity, Clayton says. It's
those variations, not the identity, that should
ultimately guide treatment, she says.

In some cases, scientists have already progressed from
a racial distinction to a genetic one. Researchers at
Vanderbilt and elsewhere noticed several years ago an
overall difference between the reactions of groups of
white and black patients to the anti-HIV drug
efavirenz. That agent was considerably more likely to
cause side effects in blacks than in whites. Instead
of simply recommending a lower dose of the drug for
the black patients, the researchers decided to
investigate further.

David W. Haas of Vanderbilt and his colleagues
identified a single genetic site with natural
variation in both races. One genetic variant, which is
seven times more common in blacks than in whites,
slows metabolism of efavirenz. That accounts for the
different risks of side effects in the two groups, the
scientists reported (SN: 2/21/04, p. 117: Available to
subscribers at
http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20040221/fob6.asp).
An individual's variant at the genetic site is more
useful for guiding treatment than is his or her
self-reported race, Haas says. However, there's no
commercial test currently available for distinguishing
those variants.

Taylor and her colleagues are working to move BiDil
treatment from a race-based to a gene-specific
approach. They're examining genetic differences in a
subset of the BiDil trial's volunteers to look for a
deeper biological explanation of how the drug works
and for whom it's best.

Unearthing specific segments of DNA that explain
individuals' differences in drug response would be
ideal for patients, Clayton says, but economics might
be working in just the opposite direction.

Testing patients' genetic differences is more costly
and time-consuming than is interviewing them about
their ancestry. Furthermore, Lesko says, there's no
point in approving a drug for genetics-based clinical
use unless a test for the relevant genetic trait is
widely available to doctors.

FDA has released guidelines on how pharmaceutical
companies can develop such diagnostics, and last
December, it approved the first commercial screening
test for a gene that affects drug metabolism. That
test can guide physicians in the dosages that they
prescribe for certain antidepressants, antipsychotics,
and chemotherapy drugs. However, relatively few drug
companies see potential for profit from such products,
Lesko says.

What's more, pharmaceutical firms may find it better
for business to delve no deeper than racial
differences. Lesko says that information identifying
which patients won't benefit from a drug might narrow,
rather than expand, the number of people for whom the
drug can be recommended.

On the other hand, he adds, both drug companies and
patients would benefit from genetic tests that flag
people�of any race�most likely to suffer drug-related
side effects. In the case of the HIV drug efavirenz,
for example, doses could be adjusted for the whites,
as well as for the blacks, who have the genetic trait
that's been associated with problems.

Fewer side effects mean less regulatory hassle for the
companies, so the pursuit of drug safety could drive
research that pulls back the veil of race, Lesko says.

Given today's concern over drug safety, that
improvement in treatment precision could make a
difference in patients' lives and on companies' bottom
lines, ultimately advancing the prospect of
individualized medicine. One day, people may be
treated not by the color of their skin but by the
content of their genome.

Part I of this series: "Code of Many Colors," appeared
in last week's issue. Available at
http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20050409/bob9.asp.

If you have a comment on this article that you would
like considered for publication in Science News, send
it to editors@.... Please include your
name and location.

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#128 From: "Hughes, James J." <James.Hughes@...>
Date: Fri Apr 1, 2005 4:01 pm
Subject: Call for Papers: Hope: Probing the Boundaries, Prague, Aug 8-10 james_j_hugh...
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1st Global Conference
Hope: Probing the Boundaries
Monday 8th - Wednesday 10th August 2005
Prague, Czech Republic

Call for Papers
(please cross post where appropriate)

This inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary conference aims to
explore contemporary definitions, meanings and expressions of hope. In
particular, it will seek to examine the individual, social, national and
international contexts within which hope emerges as well as its
counterpart, hopelessness.

The theme and the sense of uncertainty pervades the start of the
twenty-first century. Although young, the past bears witness to the
brutality of genocides, atrocities, terrorism which acts to
counter-balance economic, political, technological and ecological
aspirations. Medicine and bio-ethics are split between those who foresee
the worst implications for persons and those who foresee the promise of
genetic engineering.
Cultural conflicts likewise offer scope for grave apprehension or the
hopeful anticipation of a culturally enriched shared world. This project
is committed to the view that now is the time look at the main spheres
in which there seems to be a pendulum between fear and hopeful
expectation, with a view to thinking out constructive strategies for
exploration.

Papers, workshops and reports are invited on any of the following
possible areas for discussion:

1. Human awareness of the passage of time; changing attitudes to what
H.G. Wells called 'the shape of things to come'. What are the possible
bases for thinking about the future?

2. Expressions of these attitudes in contemporary culture - portrayals
in art, cinema, literature, radio, science fiction, theatre, tv.

3. The psychological basis of fear of the future.
Why millennial hopes are matched by millennial fears.

4. The concept of a new age. Utopian thinkers; Dystopian visions. The
connection with political movements. What do new agers want? Hedonism
and the simple life. The fear of longevity. The fear of loneliness.

5.Hopelessness, despair, indifference and resignation. The meaning of
life.

6. The science of the future. Prediction, risk and disaster management.

7. The phenomenology of hope. What is this phenomenon that we call hope?
How does it live and seemingly thrive in difficult times? How is it
sustained? How is it invoked? Is there any difference between those who
seem to be more hopeful than others?

8. Does hope and the act of hoping/or the predisposition to hope differ
from culture to culture? What are those variances and what accounts for
them? How is hope differently instantiated among cultures? What are
those instantiations?

9. The notion of open and closed futures.

10. The role and place of religion and religious movements.

11. Risk, possibility and hope.

12. Envisaging possible futures. The question of choice. Cultivating
hope. To boldly go.

These are indicative themes. Papers are welcome on these and related
themes.

Papers will be considered on any related theme.
300 word abstracts should be submitted by Friday 13th May 2005. If an
abstract is accepted for the conference, a full draft paper should be
submitted by Friday 15th July 2005.

300 word abstracts should be submitted to the Organising Chairs;
abstracts may be in Word, WordPerfect, PDF or RTF formats.

Dr Rob Fisher
Inter-Disciplinary.Net
Priory House, 149B Wroslyn Road
Freeland, Oxfordshire OX29 8HR
Email: rf@...

Stephen Morris
Independent Scholar,
New York, USA
Email: smmorris58@...

Stephen Neff
University of Pennsylvania, USA
Email: stephenneff@...

The conference is part of the 'Probing the Boundaries' programme of
research projects. It aims to bring together people from different areas
and interests to share ideas and explore various discussions which are
innovative and exciting.

All papers accepted for and presented at this conference will be
published in an ISBN eBook.
Selected papers will be developed for publication in a themed hard copy
volume.

For further information about the project please
visit:
http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/ptb/hope/hope.htm

For further information about the conference please visit:
http://www.inter-disciplinary.net/ptb/hope/h1/cfp.htm

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#127 From: Carlos Enrique Parra Bosenberg <gerenciadivulgar@...>
Date: Sat Mar 19, 2005 4:32 pm
Subject: HI from Colombia!!! gerenciadivu...
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Hi Mrs. Bita More

Here are my questions as I promised a month ago. Sorry of writing too late but the work is getting harder everyday and mixed with stuides it gets worst.

Well, I�ve been reading about you a lot and is very interesting what yu are doing. Taking this as a starting point I have a little enterview of no more than six questions. If you have some other comments please let me know, because it is going to be posted on our Gazette.

Thank for your time and see you in Venezuela.

Best Regards

Carlos Enrique Parra B�senberg

WTA-COLOMBIA

Moderator

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